Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible · Psalms 第49章

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Psalms 49章

1

Ps 49:1-20.

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Ps 49:1-20.

本篇兼具教導與安慰。它教導地上利益不足以作為永久幸福的倚靠,並指出屬世之人無論一時多麼興旺,其最終結局是滅亡,而敬虔之人在神的眷顧中是安全的。

1-3. 萬民都被召來聆聽關乎萬民的事。

世上——字面作「人生的時日」,指現今。

英語原文

Ps 49:1-20.

This Psalm instructs and consoles. It teaches that earthly advantages are not reliable for permanent happiness, and that, however prosperous worldly men may be for a time, their ultimate destiny is ruin, while the pious are safe in God's care.

1-3. All are called to hear what interests all.

world--literally, "duration of life," the present time.

繁體中文

4. 側耳——專心聽

(Ps 17:6; 31:2)。

比喻——希伯來文與希臘文中,「比喻」與「箴言」是同一字的翻譯。它指一種比較,或一種修辭形式,在一個意象之下涵蓋多重意義,表達一個可作多種說明的普遍真理。因此也可用以指說明本身。指前者時,英文常用「箴言」(即以一詞代表多義);指後者、比較意味顯著時,則用「比喻」(即一物置於另一物之旁)。兩者的區分並不總是嚴格,因為此處以及

Ps 78:2

中,用「箴言」更能表達其文體風格(另參

Pr 26:7, 9; Hab 2:6; Joh 16:25, 29)。

這類修辭往往十分生動,卻也隱晦(參

Mt 13:12-15)。

因此用並列的詞——

暗語——或作「謎語」(參

Eze 17:2)。

解開——即加以解釋。

用琴——抒情詩的伴奏。

英語原文

4. incline--to hear attentively

(Ps 17:6; 31:2).

parable--In Hebrew and Greek "parable" and "proverb" are translations of the same word. It denotes a comparison, or form of speech, which under one image includes many, and is expressive of a general truth capable of various illustrations. Hence it may be used for the illustration itself. For the former sense, "proverb" (that is, one word for several) is the usual English term, and for the latter, in which comparison is prominent, "parable" (that is, one thing laid by another). The distinction is not always observed, since here, and in

Ps 78:2;

"proverb" would better express the style of the composition (compare also

Pr 26:7, 9; Hab 2:6; Joh 16:25, 29).

Such forms of speech are often very figurative and also obscure (compare

Mt 13:12-15).

Hence the use of the parallel word--

dark saying--or, "riddle" (compare

Eze 17:2).

open--is to explain.

upon the harp--the accompaniment for a lyric.

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5. 罪孽——或作「災禍」

(Ps 40:12)。

我的腳跟——按字面作「我的欺壓者」

(Ge 27:36),

或作壓迫者:「我被他們所加的惡事包圍。」

英語原文

5. iniquity--or, "calamity"

(Ps 40:12).

of my heels--literally "my supplanters"

(Ge 27:36),

or oppressors: "I am surrounded by the evils they inflict."

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6. 他們虛浮自誇。

英語原文

6. They are vainglorious.

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7-9. 卻不能拯救自己或別人。

英語原文

7-9. yet unable to save themselves or others.

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8. 永遠還清——即贖價失效,代價太過寶貴、代價太大。

英語原文

8. it ceaseth for ever--that is, the ransom fails, the price is too precious, costly.

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9.朽壞——按字面作「坑」,或作「墳墓」,因而表明「靈魂」在此用於「生命」

[Ps 49:8]。

英語原文

9. corruption--literally, "pit," or, "grave," thus showing that "soul" is used for "life"

[Ps 49:8].

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10. 因為他見——即看見朽壞;隨後是例證。

智慧人……愚頑人——

(Ps 14:1; Pr 1:32; 10:1)。

同樣——完全一樣——

(Ps 4:8)

——死亡——所有人都遭遇同一命運。

英語原文

10. For he seeth--that is, corruption; then follows the illustration.

wise . . . fool--

(Ps 14:1; Pr 1:32; 10:1).

likewise--alike altogether--

(Ps 4:8)

--die--all meet the same fate.

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11. 他們仍舊糊塗,並以為可以長存,便稱呼自己的地業,或「因(他們的)地業而誇揚自己的名」。

英語原文

11. Still infatuated and flattered with hopes of perpetuity, they call their lands, or "celebrate their names on account of (their) lands."

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12. 與此虛妄相對照的,是人的脆弱。人無論如何蒙尊榮,皆

不能存活——原文直譯為「不得住宿」,即不能捱到早晨,便忽然滅亡,如(野)獸一般——其命被奪,毫無預警。

英語原文

12. Contrasted with this vanity is their frailty. However honored, man

abideth not--literally, "lodgeth not," remains not till morning, but suddenly perishes as (wild) beasts, whose lives are taken without warning.

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13. 他們的道路雖是愚妄,卻仍有人照樣隨其行徑。

英語原文

13. Though their way is folly, others follow the same course of life.

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14. 如羊——(參

詩 49:12),

不知不覺地他們被

安排——或作「安置」等。

死亡必牧養——或作更佳譯法「必治理」

他們——如牧人一般(參「牧養」,

詩 28:9,

旁註)。

管辖——或作「制服」

他們,到了早晨——即忽然,或輪到他們之時。

美容——原文直譯為「形狀」。

必被消滅——原文直譯為「是為消滅」,即墳墓的消滅。

從他們住處——原文直譯為「從他們家中(他們去)到那裡」,即到墳墓。

英語原文

14. Like sheep--(compare

Ps 49:12)

unwittingly, they

are laid--or, "put," &c.

death shall feed on--or, better, "shall rule"

them--as a shepherd (compare "feed,"

Ps 28:9,

Margin).

have dominion over--or, "subdue"

them in the morning--suddenly, or in their turn.

their beauty--literally, "form" or shape.

shall consume--literally, "is for the consumption," that is, of the grave.

from their dwelling--literally, "from their home (they go) to it," that is, the grave.

繁體中文

15. 敬虔之人蒙拯救脫離「墳墓的權勢」。

權勢——原文直譯為死亡之「手」,被帶入神的眷顧之下。

英語原文

15. The pious, delivered from "the power of the grave."

power--literally, "the hand," of death, are taken under God's care.

繁體中文

16-19. 應用這教訓。不要焦慮

(詩 37:1

等),因為死亡截斷你所懼怕之興盛惡人的前途。

英語原文

16-19. applies this instruction. Be not anxious

(Ps 37:1,

&c.), since death cuts off the prosperous wicked whom you dread.

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18. 雖然……活著等等——字面是「因為他在世時曾稱讚自己的靈魂」,或「自己」(Lu 12:19;16:25);然而(Ps 49:19);他已得了他的分。

人必稱讚……你自己——諂媚者加增財主的自我滿足;對他的稱呼形式加強了這情感的語氣。

英語原文

18. Though . . . lived, &c.--literally, "For in his life he blessed his soul," or, "himself"

(Lu 12:19, 16:25);

yet

(Ps 49:19);

he has had his portion.

men will praise . . . thyself--Flatterers enhance the rich fool's self-complacency; the form of address to him strengthens the emphasis of the sentiment.

繁體中文

20. (參看 Ps 49:12。)

其愚妄更清楚地以「不明白」表達,取代了「不能長存」。

英語原文

20. (Compare

Ps 49:12).

The folly is more distinctly expressed by "understandeth not," substituted for "abideth not."