서론
無題
日本語
英語原文
This chapter continues and concludes the describing and measuring of this mystical temple, which it is very hard to understand the particular architecture of, and yet more hard to comprehend the mystical meaning of. Here is, I. A description of the chambers that were about the courts, their situation and structure (Eze 42:1-13), and the uses for which they were designed, Eze 42:13,14. II. A survey of the whole compass of ground which was taken up with the house, and the courts belonging to it, Eze 42:15-20.
1-14
The Vision of the Temple (574 BC)
日本語
神殿の幻（紀元前574年）
¹ 彼は私を外庭に連れ出し、北の方へ導いた。そして私を、離れ所に向かい合い、北の建物の前にある部屋に連れて入った。
² その長さは百キュビトで北の門があり、幅は五十キュビトであった。
³ 内庭の二十キュビトに向かい合い、外庭の石敷きに向かい合って、三階建ての回廊があった。
⁴ 部屋の前には幅十キュビトの奥行き方向の通路があり、一キュビトの道があった。その戸は北に向かっていた。
⁵ 上の部屋は短かった。回廊がこれらの部屋、すなわち建物の下の階と中間の階よりも上に張り出していたからである。
⁶ それは三階建てであったが、庭の柱のようには柱がなかった。それゆえ建物は下の階や中間の階よりも地上から狭く造られていた。
⁷ 部屋に面して外庭に向かう外側の壁は、部屋の前面にあって、その長さは五十キュビトであった。
⁸ 外庭にある部屋の長さは五十キュビトであった。見よ。神殿の前は百キュビトであった。
⁹ これらの部屋の下には東側から入る入口があり、外庭からそこへ入るようになっていた。
¹⁰ 部屋は東の方の庭の壁の厚みの中にあり、離れ所に向かい合い、建物に向かい合っていた。
¹¹ それらの前の道は、北に向かう部屋と同じように見え、長さも幅も同じであった。すべての出口は形も戸も同じであった。
¹² 南に向かう部屋と同様に、道の頭に戸があり、道は東に向かう壁のすぐ前にあり、そこから入るようになっていた。
¹³ 彼は私に言った。「北の部屋と南の部屋は、離れ所の前にある聖なる部屋である。主に近づく祭司たちはそこで最も聖なるものを食べる。彼らはそこに最も聖なるものと、穀物のささげ物と、罪のためのいけにえと、罪過のためのいけにえを置かなければならない。その場所は聖だからである。
¹⁴ 祭司たちがそこに入るとき、彼らは聖なる所から外庭に出てはならない。むしろ彼らの奉仕の衣服をそこに置かなければならない。それは聖だからである。彼らはほかの衣服を着て、民のためのものに近づかなければならない。
預言者は神殿とそれに属する建物を非常に精確に観察し終え、いま再び外庭に連れて来られ、その広場にある部屋を観察する。
一、ここにこれらの部屋の描写がある。それは（前のものと同様）私たちには非常に錯綜して複雑に思えるが、それは私たちがヘブル語と当時の建築の規則に不案内だからである。私たちは一般的に次のことだけを観察しよう。1. 公衆礼拝の場所であった神殿の周りには私的な部屋があった。これは、荘厳な規定における神への出席が、密室の務めから私たちを免れさせないことを教えるためである。私たちは神の家の庭で礼拝するだけでなく、そこに出席する前後に、自分の部屋に入り、自分の密室に入り、読み、黙想し、「隠れた所で父に祈らなければならない」。そして神の民は孤独における神との交わりに大きな慰めを見出してきた。2. これらの部屋は多数あった。それらは「三階建て」であり、上の階は下の階ほど広くなかったが、隠退のためには同様に役立った（エゼ 42:5,6）。多くの部屋があったのは、女預言者アンナのような「夜も昼も神殿から離れない」すべての敬虔な人々のために便宜を図るためであった（ルカ 2:37）。「わたしの父の家には多くの住まいがある」。地にある神の家にもそうである。多数の者が信仰によって神の聖所に宿を取り、「まだ余地がある」。3. これらの部屋は私的であったが、神殿に近く、神殿を見渡せ、神殿に達することができた。これは公衆礼拝を私的礼拝に優先すること（「主はヤコブのすべての住まいよりもシオンの門を愛される」、そして私たちもそうしなければならない）、そして私的礼拝を公衆礼拝に関連付けることを教えるためである。私たちの部屋における宗教的務めは、公の信心の行使のために私たちを準備し、機会があるたびにそれらの活用において私たちを助けるためでなければならない。4. これらの部屋の前には「五ヤード幅の通路」（エゼ 42:4）があった。そこでこれらの部屋に宿を取った者たちは、交わりのために集まり、互いの徳のために共に歩き、語り合い、互いの知識と経験を分かち合うことができた。教会と部屋との間のすべての時間を費やすべきではないが、両方で多くの時間を有益に費やすことができる。しかし人は社会のために造られ、クリスチャンは聖徒の交わりのためにある。その交わりの務めを私たちは良心とし、その交わりの特権と喜びの慰めを取らなければならない。第二神殿の大祭司であったヨシュアには、神が「立っている者たちの間を歩く場所を与える」（ゼカ 3:7）ことが約束された。
二、ここにこれらの部屋の用途が定められている（エゼ 42:13,14）。1. それらは「主に近づく祭司たちのため」であった。彼らが常に自分の務めの近くにいて、不在住者とならないためである。それゆえそれらは「聖なる部屋」と呼ばれる。彼らの奉仕の間、聖なるものに仕える者たちの用途のためであったからである。神と人々のたましいのために公のわざをする者は、自分自身をそれに備えるために、多くを私的な所で過ごす必要がある。牧師は自分の部屋で多くの時間を読書、黙想、祈りに費やし、その「進歩が現れる」ようにすべきであり、この目的のために便宜が与えられるべきである。2. そこで祭司たちは「最も聖なるもの」を、すなわち彼らの分に当たるささげ物の部分を保管しなければならず、そこでそれを「食べなければならない」。彼らとその家族は宗教的な仕方で、その場所は聖であるからである。こうして彼らは犠牲の祝宴と他の食事を区別しなければならない。3. そこで（他の用途の中で）彼らは祭壇で奉仕するときに神が着るよう定められた衣服、すなわち亜麻のエポデ、上着、帯、帽子を置かなければならない。私たちは捕囚から帰還した後の祭司の衣服の準備について読む（ネヘ 7:70,72）。彼らが祭壇での奉仕を終えたとき、それらの衣服を置かなければならない。その使用がその期間の間だけ続くべきことを示すためである。しかし民のために他の衣服を着て、すなわち民に関連する奉仕の部分、律法を教え、彼らの問いに答えるために「民のためのものに近づく」ときは、他の人々が着るような衣服を着なければならない。彼らの聖なる衣服は「しまわれ」、奉仕の信用のために清く体裁よく保たれなければならない。
英語原文
The Vision of the Temple (574 BC)
¹ Then he brought me forth into the utter court, the way toward the north: and he brought me into the chamber that was over against the separate place, and which was before the building toward the north.
² Before the length of a hundred cubits was the north door, and the breadth was fifty cubits.
³ Over against the twenty cubits which were for the inner court, and over against the pavement which was for the utter court, was gallery against gallery in three stories.
⁴ And before the chambers was a walk of ten cubits breadth inward, a way of one cubit; and their doors toward the north.
⁵ Now the upper chambers were shorter: for the galleries were higher than these, than the lower, and than the middlemost of the building.
⁶ For they were in three stories, but had not pillars as the pillars of the courts: therefore the building was straitened more than the lowest and the middlemost from the ground.
⁷ And the wall that was without over against the chambers, toward the utter court on the forepart of the chambers, the length thereof was fifty cubits.
⁸ For the length of the chambers that were in the utter court was fifty cubits: and, lo, before the temple were a hundred cubits.
⁹ And from under these chambers was the entry on the east side, as one goeth into them from the utter court.
¹⁰ The chambers were in the thickness of the wall of the court toward the east, over against the separate place, and over against the building.
¹¹ And the way before them was like the appearance of the chambers which were toward the north, as long as they, and as broad as they: and all their goings out were both according to their fashions, and according to their doors.
¹² And according to the doors of the chambers that were toward the south was a door in the head of the way, even the way directly before the wall toward the east, as one entereth into them.
¹³ Then said he unto me, The north chambers and the south chambers, which are before the separate place, they be holy chambers, where the priests that approach unto the LORD shall eat the most holy things: there shall they lay the most holy things, and the meat offering, and the sin offering, and the trespass offering; for the place is holy.
¹⁴ When the priests enter therein, then shall they not go out of the holy place into the utter court, but there they shall lay their garments wherein they minister; for they are holy; and shall put on other garments, and shall approach to those things which are for the people.
The prophet has taken a very exact view of the temple and the buildings belonging to it, and is now brought again into the outer court, to observe the chambers that were in that square.
I. Here is a description of these chambers, which (as that which went before) seems to us very perplexed and intricate, through our unacquaintedness with the Hebrew language and the rules of architecture at that time. We shall only observe, in general, 1. That about the temple, which was the place of public worship, there were private chambers, to teach us that our attendance upon God in solemn ordinances will not excuse us from the duties of the closet. We must not only worship in the courts of God's house, but must, both before and after our attendance there, enter into our chambers, enter into our closets, and read and meditate, and pray to our Father in secret; and a great deal of comfort the people of God have found in their communion with God in solitude. 2. That these chambers were many; there were three stories of them, and, though the higher stories were not so large as the lower, yet they served as well for retirement, Eze 42:5,6. There were many, that there might be conveniences for all such devout people as Anna the prophetess, who departed not from the temple night or day, Lu 2:37. In my Father's house are many mansions. In his house on earth there are so; multitudes by faith have taken lodgings in his sanctuary, and yet there is room. 3. That these chambers, though they were private, yet were near the temple, within view of it, within reach of it, to teach us to prefer public worship before private (the Lord loves the gates of Zion more than all the dwellings of Jacob, and so must we), and to refer our private worship to the public. Our religious performances in our chambers must be to prepare us for the exercises of devotion in public, and to further us in our improvement of them, as our opportunities are. 4. That before these chambers there were walks of five yards broad (Eze 42:4), in which those that had lodgings in these chambers might meet for conversation, might walk and talk together for their mutual edification, might communicate their knowledge and experiences. For we are not to spend all our time between the church and the chamber, though a great deal of time may be spent to very good purpose in both. But man is made for society, and Christians for the communion of saints; and the duties of that communion we must make conscience of, and the privileges and pleasures of that communion we must take the comfort of. It is promised to Joshua, who was high priest in the second temple, that God will give him places to walk in among those that stand by, Zec 3:7.
II. Here is the use of these chambers appointed, Eze 42:13,14. 1. They were for the priests that approach unto the Lord, that they may be always near their business and may not be non-residents. Therefore they are called holy chambers, because they were for use of those that ministered in holy things during their ministration. Those that have public work to do for God and the souls of men have need to be much in private, to fit themselves for it. Ministers should spend much time in their chambers, in reading, meditation, and prayer, that their profiting may appear; and they ought to be provided with conveniences for this purpose. 2. There the priests were to deposit the most holy things, those parts of the offerings which fell to their share; and there they were to eat them, they and their families, in a religious manner, for the place is holy; and thus they must make a difference between those feasts upon the sacrifice and other meals. 3. There (among other uses) they were to lay their vestments, which God had appointed them to wear when they ministered at the altar, their linen ephods, coats, girdles, and bonnets. We read of the providing of priests garments after their return out of captivity, Ne 7:70,72. When they had ended their service at the altar they must lay by those garments, to signify that the use of them should continue only during that dispensation; but they must put on other garments, such as other people wear, when they approached to those things which were for the people, that is, to do that part of their service which related to the people, to teach them the law and to answer their enquiries. Their holy garments must be laid up, that they may be kept clean and decent for the credit of their service.
15-20
The Vision of the Temple (574 BC)
日本語
宮の幻（紀元前574年）
¹⁵ 彼が内の家の測量を終えたとき、彼はわたしを東に向く展望の門のところに連れて行き、周りを測った。 ¹⁶ 彼は測り竿で東側を測った。測り竿で周りに沿って五百竿。 ¹⁷ 彼は北側を測った。測り竿で周りに沿って五百竿。 ¹⁸ 彼は南側を測った。測り竿で五百竿。 ¹⁹ 彼は西側に向きを変え、測り竿で五百竿を測った。 ²⁰ 彼は四つの側でそれを測った。それは周りに壁があった。長さ五百竿、幅五百竿。聖所と俗な場所との間に分離を設けるためであった。
わたしたちはこの神秘的な宮の測量に従ってきた。そして今、わたしたちの踏む聖なる地がどこまで広がっているかを見よう。それもまたここで測られ、大きな区域を含むことが見出される。観察せよ。1. その寸法はどのようなものであったか。それは各方角に五百竿（エゼ 42:16-19）に及んだ。一竿は三ヤード半以上であるから、各方角に約英国のマイルに達し、地面が正方形であるため、周囲は四マイル余りであった。この神秘的な宮の郊外（と呼べるもの）はこれほど広大であった。福音時代における教会の広がりを示す。すべての国民が弟子とされ、世界の国々がキリストの国となる時。神の庭には、そこに流入する異邦人の多くの群衆のために場所が設けられる。それは次のように予告された（イザ 49:18、60:4）。それは異邦人の教会への加入においてすでに部分的に成就した。そしてわたしたちは「異邦人の満ちる数がはいり、すべてのイスラエルが救われる」時、より完全に成就することを信頼する。2. なぜその寸法がこれほど大きくされたのか。「分離を設ける」ためであった。すなわち「聖所」と「俗な場所」の間に非常に大きな距離を置くことによって。それ「ゆえに」それを囲む壁があり、汚れた者を遠ざけ、「尊いものと卑しいもの」とを分けるためであった。注意。一般の事物と聖なる事物の間、神の御名と他の名の間、神の日と他の日の間、神の書と他の書の間、神の制度と他の慣行の間には、区別が設けられなければならない。そしてわたしたちの世的な行いと宗教的な行いの間にも距離が置かれ、依然として荘厳な静止をもって神の礼拝に向かうべきである。
英語原文
The Vision of the Temple (574 BC)
¹⁵ Now when he had made an end of measuring the inner house, he brought me forth toward the gate whose prospect is toward the east, and measured it round about.
¹⁶ He measured the east side with the measuring reed, five hundred reeds, with the measuring reed round about.
¹⁷ He measured the north side, five hundred reeds, with the measuring reed round about.
¹⁸ He measured the south side, five hundred reeds, with the measuring reed.
¹⁹ He turned about to the west side, and measured five hundred reeds with the measuring reed.
²⁰ He measured it by the four sides: it had a wall round about, five hundred reeds long, and five hundred broad, to make a separation between the sanctuary and the profane place.
We have attended the measuring of this mystical temple and are now to see how far the holy ground on which we tread extends; and that also is here measured, and found to take in a great compass. Observe, 1. What the dimensions of it were. It extended each way 500 reeds (Eze 42:16-19), each reed above three yards and a half, so that it reached every way about an English measured mile, which, the ground lying square, was above four miles round. Thus large were the suburbs (as I may call them) of this mystical temple, signifying the great extent of the church in gospel-times, when all nations should be discipled and the kingdoms of the world made Christ's kingdoms. Room should be made in God's courts for the numerous forces of the Gentiles that shall flow into them, as was foretold, Isa 49:18,60:4. It is in part fulfilled already in the accession of the Gentiles to the church; and we trust it shall have a more full accomplishment when the fulness of the Gentiles shall come in and all Israel shall be saved. 2. Why the dimensions of it were made thus large. It was to make a separation, by putting a very large distance between the sanctuary and the profane place; and therefore there was a wall surrounding it, to keep off those that were unclean and to separate between the precious and the vile. Note, A difference is to be put between common and sacred things, between God's name and other names, between his day and other days, his book and other books, his institutions and other observances; and a distance is to be put between our worldly and religious actions, so as still to go about the worship of God with a solemn pause.
本章は、この奥義的な宮の記述と測定を続け、結ぶ。その特定の建築を理解することは非常に難しく、その奥義的な意味を理解することはさらに難しい。
本章には次の内容が記されている。
一、庭の周りにあった部屋の記述。その位置と構造（エゼ 42:1-13）、ならびにそれらが意図された用途（エゼ 42:13-14）。
二、宮とそれに属する庭が占める地面の全周の測量（エゼ 42:15-20）。