Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary
Matthew Henry · 1714
Matthew Henry 사후(1714) 공개 도메인. 디지털판 CC0-1.0.
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여러 공개 도메인 주석서와 성서하우 한글 번역을 책과 장별로 탐색합니다. 주석서를 전환하며 번역만 읽거나 원문과 번역을 나란히 볼 수 있습니다.
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Matthew Henry · 1714
Matthew Henry 사후(1714) 공개 도메인. 디지털판 CC0-1.0.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset, David Brown · 1871
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871). CCEL expanded electronic edition states it is in the public domain.
Albert Barnes · 1834
Albert Barnes' Notes on Revelation Of St. John The Divine (New Testament, English original, public domain). Sourced from the Christian Classics Ethereal Library (CCEL). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/barnes.
Adam Clarke · 1831
Public domain English commentary by Adam Clarke, normalized from Wikisource book pages for scripture.how. Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/clarke.
John Gill · 1763
John Gill(1697-1771), Exposition of the Old and New Testament(1746-1763). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/gill.
John Calvin · 1850
종교개혁 신학 원천 (영역본 PD, 대부분 — 전권 아님)
Matthew Poole · 1685
간결 절별 전권 개혁주의 주석
ed. H.D.M. Spence & Joseph S. Exell · 1890
전권 강해·설교·예화 풍부 (항목 대량)
Carl F. Keil, Franz Delitzsch · 1866
구약 학술 표준 — 히브리어·문헌비평·고대근동 배경
ed. Charles J. Ellicott · 1878
학술+가독 균형 전권 주석
Cambridge (다저자) · 1900
준전권 준학술 (권별 저자·연도 확인)
Marvin R. Vincent · 1887
신약 헬라어 단어 연구
A.T. Robertson · 1933
헬라어 시제·문법 해설 결정판 (KR PD / US 1931+ 권별)
ed. W. Robertson Nicoll (다저자) · 1910
헬라어 신약 학술 (권별 저자 PD 확인 필요)
Heinrich A.W. Meyer · 1880
신약 학술 정밀주해 (독일 — K&D 대응)
John Wesley · 1755
간결 실용 전권(NT 1755 / OT 1765) 웨슬리안
Joseph Benson · 1815
웨슬리안 전권 주석
Charles H. Spurgeon · 1885
시편 주석 고전 (설교 자료 풍부)
Alexander Maclaren · 1910
설교형 강해 명저 (전권, 절별 가공 필요)
B.W. Johnson · 1891
평이 절별 신약 해설 (일반신자·모바일)
Thomas Coke · 1803
감리교 전권 주석
John Trapp · 1660
청교도 전권 주석 — Henry/Gill 보완
Charles Hodge · 1860
프린스턴 조직신학 관점 신약 정밀 주석 (롬·고전후·엡)
For even Christ - 그리스도께서도. 사도는 평소의 방식대로, 구주의 본보기를 통해 자신이 말한 바를 설명해 나간다. 그리스도인에게 주 예수의 본보기는 자기 의무의 성격과 범위에 대해 가장 즉각적이고 확실하며 복된 설명을 제공할 것이다.
Pleased not himself - 자기를 기쁘게 하지 아니하셨다. 이것은 주 예수께서 자기의 위대한 사역에 자발적이고 기쁘게 참여하지 않으셨다는 뜻으로 이해해서는 안 된다. 그는 오셔서 고난받도록 "강요"받은 것이 아니었다. 또한 그가 그 사역을 "인정"하지 않았거나, 그 적절성과 합당함을 보지 못했다는 뜻으로 이해해서도 안 된다. 만일 그렇지 않았다면 그는 결코 그 희생과 자기부인에 참여하지 않았을 것이다. 그러나 그 의미는 다음 몇 가지로 표현될 수 있다.
(1) 그는 구원의 사역을 "맡는" 일에서 하나님의 뜻 또는 소원을 행하기 위해 오셨다. 그것은 하나님의 뜻이었다. 그것은 신적 목적들에 부합했다. 중보자는 하늘에서의 자기 행복과 영예를 먼저 고려하지 않고, 기쁘게 하나님의 "뜻을 행하기" 위해 오셨다. 시편 40:7-8; 히브리서 10:4-10; 빌립보서 2:6; 요한복음 17:5와 비교하라.
(2) 그리스도께서는 땅에 계실 때 하나님의 뜻을 행하고, 하나님께서 그에게 하라고 주신 일을 완성하는 것을 자기의 큰 목적으로 삼으셨으며, 자기 자신의 편안함과 즐거움을 구하지 않으셨다. 그는 이것을 명백히 확언하셨다. 요한복음 6:38; 요한복음 5:30.
(3) 그는 이것을 위해 하나님의 뜻이 요구할 수 있는 어떤 시련과 고통도 기꺼이 견디셨으며, 그것들을 피하거나 물러서려 하지 않으셨다. 특히 동산에서 드린 그의 기도를 보라. 누가복음 22:42.
(4) 그의 생애에서 그는 개인적 안락이나 부, 친구나 영예를 구하지 않으셨다. 그는 다른 사람들의 복지를 증진하기 위해 자신을 부인하셨다. 그들이 부요하게 되도록 그는 가난하셨고, 궁핍한 자들을 찾아내어 그들을 공급하시기 위해 외로운 곳들에 계셨다. 더 나아가, 죽도록 정해진 때가 이르렀을 때 그는 자기 생명을 보존하려 하지 않으시고, 모든 사람을 위해 자신을 내어 주셨다.
(5) 사도에게는 여기서 또 다른 생각이 있었을 수도 있다. 그는 제자들의 무지와 눈먼 상태와 잘못된 견해와 야심 찬 계획들을 인내로 견디셨다. 그들이 오류 가운데 있을 때에도 그들에게 친절을 보이셨고, 헛된 야망의 계획들로 가득 차 있거나 그의 말씀을 왜곡하거나 이해가 둔할 때에도 거칠거나 비난하기 좋아하거나 불친절하지 않으셨다. 사도는 "우리"도 형제들과 관련하여 그렇게 해야 한다고 말한다.
But as it is written - 그러나 기록된 바와 같이. 시편 69:9이다. 이 시편과 이 절 앞부분은 메시아에게 적용된다. 로마서 15:21을 마태복음 27:34, 48과 비교하라.
The reproaches - 비방들. 곧 중상, 비난, 거칠고 모욕적인 말들을 뜻한다.
Of them that reproached thee - 주를 비방하는 자들의. 곧 하나님의 율법과 통치를 헐뜯고 모욕한 악한 자들의 비방이다.
Fell on me - 내게 미쳤나이다. 다시 말해, 그리스도께서는 다른 사람들에게 선을 행하기 위해 기꺼이 비방과 멸시를 받으셨다. 그는 입술과 삶으로 하나님을 중상하거나 창조주를 비방한 자들에게서 평생 중상과 멸시를 견디셨다. 여기서 우리는 다음을 배울 수 있다.
(1) 예수 그리스도를 멸시하는 것은 그를 세우신 분을 멸시하는 것이다.
(2) 우리는 주 예수의 친절을 볼 수 있다. 그는 죄인과 하나님 사이에 자신을 "던져 넣고", 말하자면 우리의 죄를 "가로막아", 그것들의 결과를 자기 인격 안에서 담당하기를 기꺼워하셨다. 그는 "우리"와 하나님 사이에 서셨다. 그리고 그 비방들과 그것들에 마땅한 하나님의 진노가 그의 거룩한 인격 위에서 "만나", 속죄의 슬픔, 곧 동산과 십자가에서의 그의 쓰라린 고뇌를 낳았다. 예수께서는 이렇게 자신을 향한 비방을 기꺼이 담당함으로써 하나님에 대한 사랑을 보이셨고, 바로 이 죄들을 속하기 위해 필요한 고난을 기꺼이 견딤으로써 "사람들"에 대한 사랑을 보이셨다.
(3) 예수께서 이렇게 비방을 담당하셨다면, "우리"도 또한 그것들을 기꺼이 견뎌야 한다. 우리는 그가 우리보다 앞서 가셨고 우리에게 본보기를 세우신 그 대의 안에서 고난을 받는다. 그리고 "그가" 모욕과 헐뜯음을 당하셨듯이, 우리도 또한 그렇게 될 것을 기꺼이 감수해야 한다.
그리스도께서도 자기를 기쁘게 하지 아니하셨나니 — 그리스도께서는 결코 자기 자신의 안락이나 유익을 추구하는 사람처럼 행동하지 않으셨다. 그는 자기 피조물들의 약함뿐 아니라 모욕까지도 담당하셨다. 시편 69:9에 기록된 것과 같다. “주를 비방하는 자들의 비방이 내게 미쳤나이다.” 나는 그들의 모욕을 담당했을 뿐 아니라, 그들의 악하고 가증한 행실 때문에 그들에게 마땅히 내려져야 할 형벌도 담당했다는 뜻이다. 이 시편이 메시아와 인류를 위한 그의 고난을 가리킨다는 것은 여기의 인용뿐 아니라 요한복음 19:28, 요한복음 19:29에서도 분명하다. 우리 주께서 속죄 고난 중에 신 포도주를 받으신 일이 성경, 곧 바로 이 시편의 시편 69:21을 이루는 것이라고 말하기 때문이다. 또한 그가 성전을 깨끗하게 하신 일, 요한복음 2:15-17은 시편 69:9, 곧 “주의 전을 사모하는 열심이 나를 삼키리라”는 말씀의 성취라고 말해진다. 사도는 여기서 그 절의 앞부분을 인용한다.
For even Christ pleased not himself,.... He sought not his own ease, pleasure, profit, honour, and glory, but to do his Father's will and work, John 4:34; and he always did the things which pleased him, in his obedience, sufferings, and death; and sought not his own, but his glory: moreover, what he did and suffered were not for himself, but for us; he became incarnate for us; he obeyed, suffered, and died for us; he came not to be ministered to, to be attended upon as an earthly prince, enjoying his own ease and pleasure, things grateful to nature, but to minister to others, Matthew 20:28; hence he appeared in the form of a servant, did the work of one in life, and at last became obedient to death, even the death of the cross, Philippians 2:7, not but that he was well pleased in doing and suffering all this; it was his delight to do the will of God: it was his meat and drink to finish his work; yea, that part of it which was most disagreeable to flesh and blood, was most earnestly desired by him, even the baptism of his sufferings; and in the view of the salvation of his people, and of enjoying their company with him to all eternity, he endured the cross patiently, and despised the shame with pleasure, Hebrews 12:2, but then he met with many things which were far from being grateful to human nature; such as the hardness and unbelief of the Jews, with which he was grieved, their scoffs and insults, reproaches and jeers; the ignorance, frowardness, and moroseness of his own disciples, whose infirmities he bore; and at last the sufferings of death, that bitter cup, which he as man desired might pass from him; but, however, he submitted to his Father's will, Matthew 26:39; all which prove what the apostle here affirms. This instance of Christ, the man of God's right hand, the son of man, whom he has made strong for himself, the head of the church, the leader and commander of the people, bearing the infirmities of the weak, and not pleasing himself, is very pertinently produced, to enforce the above exhortations; who is an example to his people in the exercise of every grace, and the discharge of every duty; as in beneficence, forgiving of injuries, mutual love, meekness and humility, suffering of afflictions, and patience. The proof of it follows,
but as it is written, in Psalm 69:9;
the reproaches of them that reproached thee fell on me; which are the words of Christ unto his Father, as the whole psalm is to be understood not of David, but of the Messiah, as is clear from the citations out of it, and references to it in the New Testament; see John 2:17, compared with Psalm 69:9, and the meaning of them is, either that the reproaches which were cast on the house, worship, and ordinances of God, affected Christ as much as if they had been cast upon himself; which stirred up his zeal to take the method he did, to show his resentment at such indignities; see John 2:15, or that the same persons by whom the name of God was blasphemed, his sanctuary polluted, and his ordinances reproached, also reproached him; and he bore in his bosom the reproach of all the mighty people, which were in great plenty poured upon him; they reproached him with being a glutton, a winebibber, a friend of publicans and sinners, Matthew 11:19; they said he was a Samaritan, and had a devil, John 8:48, charged him with blasphemy and sedition, Matthew 26:65; and when on the cross, mocked, reviled, and wagged their heads at him, Matthew 27:39; all which he bore patiently, and reviled not again: moreover, by "reproaches" may be meant the sins of his people, by which the name of God was blasphemed, his law trampled upon with contempt, and the perfections of his nature, as his justice and holiness, dishonoured; and which fell upon Christ, not by chance, but by the appointment of God, and according to his own voluntary agreement; and which he bore in his own body, and made satisfaction for; which though he did willingly, in order to obtain some valuable ends, the salvation of his people, and the glorifying of the divine perfections, the honouring of the law, and satisfying of justice, yet the bearing of them, in itself, could not be grateful to him as such; neither the charge of sin, nor the weight of punishment; and in this respect he pleased not himself, or did that which was grateful to his pure and holy nature.
For even Christ pleased not himself: he backs his exhortation in Romans 14:1, with an argument taken from the practice of our Lord himself, who is our perfect pattern, and hath left us an example, that we should follow his steps: see John 13:15,34 1 Peter 2:21 1Jo 2:6 4:17. By Christ’s not pleasing himself, is meant his not indulging or sparing himself; he did not seek his own ease, nor to satisfy inclination of the human nature, which abhorreth pain, and the destruction of itself. He took such a course all along as sufficiently demonstrated that he respected our benefit, and not his own.
But; here is an ellipsis, something must he supplied to fill up the sense: either the meaning is, he pleased not himself, but others; or, he pleased not himself, but bore our infirmities and reproaches: or else, he pleased not himself, but it happened to him; or he so carried himself that it might be truly applied to him, which is written, &c.
As it is written; viz. in Psalm 69:9. That David uttered these words in the person of Christ, or as a type of him, may appear from John 2:17. Interpreters are divided about accommodating this testimony to the occasion for which it is brought. Either the meaning is, that Christ did willingly expose himself to all the reproaches and contumelies of men, in obedience to his Father’s will; or else, that he and the same concernments with God the Father, so that what befell God did also befall him; he was as tender of the Father’s honour as of his own: or else, that the sins of men, which are things that cast reproach upon God, were taken by Christ upon himself, and he bore them in his body upon a tree. Seeing then that Christ hath done so much for our sakes, and hath not sought his own ease and benefit, we ought also to seek the good of others, and to deny ourselves: see Philippians 2:6-8.
(3) The reproaches. . . .—Literally, after the LXX. version of Psalm 69:9, one of those Psalms of suffering which, like Isaiah 53, afford a type of the sufferings of the Messiah.
Reproached thee fell on me.—The insults directed against God Himself fell upon His servants.
pleased not himself] “Not My will, but Thine be done.”
To Messiah Himself, as to His people, suffering was in itself “not joyous, but grievous;” and, in that sense, it was against His will. The doing of His Father’s will involved sufferings; and in those sufferings He “pleased not Himself,” while yet He unutterably “delighted to do the will of Him that sent Him.” (Psalm 40:8; John 4:34.)
as it is written] Psalms 69 (LXX. 68):9. The quotation is verbatim with LXX.—It has been doubted whether we are meant in this passage to view the Saviour as preferring the Father’s pleasure, or Man’s salvation, to His “own will.” The context (Romans 15:1-2) favours the latter; the words of the quotation favour the former. But as the two objects were inseparable in our Lord’s work, both may well be in view here. His “bearing reproach” was the necessary path, alike to “finishing His Father’s work,” and to saving the lost.
Does not St Paul here allude specially to the conflict of Gethsemane, and to the outrages which our Lord patiently bore just afterwards? He had scarcely said “Thy will be done,” when the awful “reproaches” of His night of shame and insult began.
reproached thee] God was “reproached” in effect, by those who, while claiming to act in His Name, were teaching and practising all that was alien to His love and holiness.—Such persons, when they beheld His true Likeness in His Son, inevitably hated and rejected it.
Pleased not himself (ουχ εαυτω ηρεσεν). Aorist active indicative of αρεσκω with the usual dative. The supreme example for Christians. See Romans 14:15. He quotes Psalms 69:9 (Messianic Psalm) and represents the Messiah as bearing the reproaches of others.
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3. 그리스도께서도 자신을 기쁘게 하지 아니하시고--자기 자신을 기쁘게 하려고 살지 않으셨다는 뜻이다. 기록된 바와 같이--(시 69:9). 비방들이, 등--막 10:42-45를 보라.