Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary
Matthew Henry · 1714
Matthew Henry 사후(1714) 공개 도메인. 디지털판 CC0-1.0.
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여러 공개 도메인 주석서와 성서하우 한글 번역을 책과 장별로 탐색합니다. 주석서를 전환하며 번역만 읽거나 원문과 번역을 나란히 볼 수 있습니다.
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주석서 원문, 저자, 번역 진행률, 라이선스 정보를 출처별로 구분해 표시합니다. 성서하우의 한글 번역·편집물은 원문 자료와 별도로 관리됩니다.
Matthew Henry · 1714
Matthew Henry 사후(1714) 공개 도메인. 디지털판 CC0-1.0.
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset, David Brown · 1871
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871). CCEL expanded electronic edition states it is in the public domain.
Albert Barnes · 1834
Albert Barnes' Notes on Revelation Of St. John The Divine (New Testament, English original, public domain). Sourced from the Christian Classics Ethereal Library (CCEL). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/barnes.
Adam Clarke · 1831
Public domain English commentary by Adam Clarke, normalized from Wikisource book pages for scripture.how. Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/clarke.
John Gill · 1763
John Gill(1697-1771), Exposition of the Old and New Testament(1746-1763). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/gill.
John Calvin · 1850
종교개혁 신학 원천 (영역본 PD, 대부분 — 전권 아님)
Matthew Poole · 1685
간결 절별 전권 개혁주의 주석
ed. H.D.M. Spence & Joseph S. Exell · 1890
전권 강해·설교·예화 풍부 (항목 대량)
Carl F. Keil, Franz Delitzsch · 1866
구약 학술 표준 — 히브리어·문헌비평·고대근동 배경
ed. Charles J. Ellicott · 1878
학술+가독 균형 전권 주석
Cambridge (다저자) · 1900
준전권 준학술 (권별 저자·연도 확인)
Marvin R. Vincent · 1887
신약 헬라어 단어 연구
A.T. Robertson · 1933
헬라어 시제·문법 해설 결정판 (KR PD / US 1931+ 권별)
ed. W. Robertson Nicoll (다저자) · 1910
헬라어 신약 학술 (권별 저자 PD 확인 필요)
Heinrich A.W. Meyer · 1880
신약 학술 정밀주해 (독일 — K&D 대응)
John Wesley · 1755
간결 실용 전권(NT 1755 / OT 1765) 웨슬리안
Joseph Benson · 1815
웨슬리안 전권 주석
Charles H. Spurgeon · 1885
시편 주석 고전 (설교 자료 풍부)
Alexander Maclaren · 1910
설교형 강해 명저 (전권, 절별 가공 필요)
B.W. Johnson · 1891
평이 절별 신약 해설 (일반신자·모바일)
Thomas Coke · 1803
감리교 전권 주석
John Trapp · 1660
청교도 전권 주석 — Henry/Gill 보완
Charles Hodge · 1860
프린스턴 조직신학 관점 신약 정밀 주석 (롬·고전후·엡)
Then called God to the expanse, heaven. - This expanse is, then, the proper and original skies. We have here an interesting and instructive example of the way in which words expand in their significance from the near, the simple, the obvious, to the far and wide, the complex and the inferential: The heaven, in the first instance, meant the open space above the surface in which we breathe and move, in which the birds fly and the clouds float. This is the atmosphere. Then it stretches away into the seemingly boundless regions of space, in which the countless orbs of luminous and of opaque surfaces circumambulate. Then the heavens come to signify the contents of this indefinitely augmented expanse, - the celestial luminaries themselves. Then, by a still further enlargement of its meaning, we rise to the heaven of heavens, the inexpressibly grand and august presence-chamber of the Most High, where the cherubim and seraphim, the innumerable company of angels, the myriads of saints, move in their several grades and spheres, keeping the charge of their Maker, and realizing the joy of their being. This is the third heaven 2 Corinthians 12:2 to the conception of which the imaginative capacity of the human mind rises by an easy gradation. Having once attained to this majestic conception, man is so far prepared to conceive and compose that sublime sentence with which the book of God opens, - "In the beginning God created 'the heavens' and the earth."
The expanse, or aerial space, in which this arrangement of things has been effected, having received its appropriate name, is recognized as an accomplished fact, and the second day is closed.
하나님이 궁창을 하늘이라 부르시니라.... 여기에는 별들이 있는 하늘과 공중의 하늘이 포함된다. 그것은 아랍어에서 그 높음 때문에 이름을 가진다. 땅 위에 있고 셋째 하늘에까지 이르기 때문이다. 그러나 다른 이들은 “샤마임”이라는 말을 두 단어, 곧 “샴”과 “마임”의 합성어로 본다. 이는 “거기에 물들이 있다”는 뜻이며, 곧 하늘의 구름들 안에 물들이 있다는 의미이다.
저녁이 되고 아침이 되니 이는 둘째 날이니라: 이 둘이 함께 스물네 시간의 공간을 이루었고, 그것은 또 하나의 자연일이었다. 첫째 날에 창조된 빛의 물체가 그 시간 동안 다시 카오스 주위를 돌았기 때문이거나, 아니면 카오스가 그 시간 동안 자기 축을 중심으로 돌았기 때문이며, 이 회전이 둘째 날을 산출했다. 카펠루스에 따르면 이 날은 4월 19일이었고, 어셔 주교에 따르면 10월 24일이었다.
누구나 관찰할 수 있는 점은, 다른 날들의 일 끝에서처럼 이 날의 일 끝에는 “하나님이 보시기에 좋았더라”라는 표현이 사용되지 않는다는 것이다. 일부 유대 저술가들이 제시하는 이유는 천사들이 이 날에 타락했기 때문이라는 것이다. 그러나 야르키가 제시하는 이유가 훨씬 낫다. 곧 물들에 관한 일이 아직 끝나지 않았기 때문이라는 것이다. 그 일은 둘째 날에 시작되었고 셋째 날에 완성되었다(d). 그러므로 셋째 날의 일에 대한 기사에서는 그 표현이 두 번 사용된다. 칠십인역은 실제로 이곳에 그 표현을 덧붙이지만, 아무 근거가 없다.
(d) Vid. Maimon. Moreh Nevochim, par. 2. c. 30.
And God called the firmament heaven,.... Including the starry and airy heavens: it has its name from its height in the Arabic language, it being above the earth, and reaching to the third heaven; though others take the word "shamaim" to be a compound of two words, "sham" and "maim", that is, there are waters, namely, in the clouds of heaven: and the evening; and the morning were the second day; these together made up the space of twenty four hours, which was another natural day; the body of light, created on the first day, having again moved round the chaos in that space of time; or else the chaos had turned round on its own axis in that time, which revolution produced a second day; and which, according to Capellus, was the nineteenth of April, and according to Bishop Usher the twenty fourth of October. It is an observation that everyone may make, that the phrase, and God saw that it was good, is not used at the close of this day's work, as of the rest: the reason some Jewish writers give is, because the angels fell on this day; but it is a much better which Jarchi gives, and that is, because the work of the waters was not finished; it was begun on the second day, and perfected on the third (d); and therefore the phrase is twice used in the account of the third day's work: the Septuagint version adds it here indeed, but without any foundation. (d) Vid. Maimon. Moreh Nevochim, par. 2. c. 30.
아직 번역이 없습니다.
Verse 8 - And God called the firmament heaven. Literally, the heights, shamayim, as in ver. 1. "This," says Principal Dawson, "may be regarded as an intimation that no definite barrier separates our film of atmosphere from the boundless abyss of heaven without;" and how appropriate the designation "heights" is, as applied to the atmosphere, we are reminded by science, which informs us that, after rising to the height of forty-five miles above the earth, it becomes imperceptible, and loses itself in the universal ether with which it is surrounded. And the evening and the morning were the second day. For the literal rendering of this clause see on ver. 5, It is observable that in connection with the second day's work the usual formula, "And God saw that it was good," is omitted. The "καὶ εἰδεν ὁ θεος ὅτι καλόν of the Septuagint is unsupported by any ancient version. The conceit of the Rabbis, that an expression of the Divine approbation was omitted because on this day the angels fell, requires no refutation. Aben Ezra accounts for its omission by making the second day's work terminate with ver. 10. Lange asks, "Had the prophetic author some anticipation that the blue vault was merely an appearance, whilst the sarans of the Septuagint had no such anticipation, and therefore proceeded to doctor the passage?" The explanation of Calvin, Delitzsch, Macdonald, and Alford, though declared by Kalisch to be of no weight, is probably the correct one, that the work begun on the second day was not properly terminated till the middle of the third, at which place, accordingly, the expression of Divine approbation is introduced (see ver. 10).
아직 번역이 없습니다.
(8) God called the firmament (the expanse) Heaven.—This is a Saxon word, and means something heaved up. The Hebrew probably means the heights, or upper regions, into which the walls of cities nevertheless ascend (Deuteronomy 1:28). In Genesis 1:1, “the heaven” may include the abysmal regions of space; here it means the atmosphere round our earth, which, at a distance of about forty-five miles from the surface, melts away into the imponderable ether. The work of the second day is not described as being good, though the LXX. add this usual formula. Probably, however, the work of the second and third days is regarded as one. In both there was a separation of waters; but it was only when the open expanse reached the earth’s surface, and reduced its temperature, that water could exist in any other form than that of vapour. But no sooner did it exist in a fluid form than the pressure of the atmosphere would make it seek the lowest level. The cooling, moreover, of the earth’s surface would produce cracks and fissures, into which the waters would descend, and when these processes were well advanced, then at the end of the third day “God saw that it was good.”
아직 번역이 없습니다.
At the close of the description of the work on the other days, we find the formula “And God saw that it was good” (Genesis 1:10; Genesis 1:12; Genesis 1:18; Genesis 1:21; Genesis 1:25; Genesis 1:31). The omission of it here, at the close of the second day, is probably due to textual error.
LXX adds after the word “Heaven,” “and God saw that it was good.” It is more probable that the words have fallen out accidentally from the Hebrew text, than that the formula was intentionally omitted because, “the waters under the firmament” not having yet received their place, the Divine work upon the waters of the deep was regarded as still incomplete.
아직 번역이 없습니다.
And God called the firmament Heaven. And the evening and the morning were the second day.
And the evening, … — Here is no mention of God’s approbation of this second day’s work. Not for that hell was then created, or the reprobate angels then ejected, as the Jews give as the reason of it; but because this day’s work was left unperfected, till the next; to the which, therefore, the blessing was reserved, and is then redoubled. God delights to do his works, not all at once, but by degrees, that we may take time to contemplate them piecemeal, and see him in every one of them, as in an optic glass. "Consider the lilies of the field," saith our Saviour. Kαταμαηετε Matthew 6:28 "Go to the ant, thou sluggard," saith Solomon. Proverbs 6:6 Luther Proponit contemplandam pulcherrimam caeli concame rationem nullis pilis et columnis impositam, … - Scultet. Annal. 276 wished Pontanus, Chancellor of Saxony, to contemplate the star-chamber of heaven, that stupendous archwork borne up by no props or pillars, and yet not falling on our heads: the thick clouds also hanging often over us with great weight, and yet vanishing again, when they have greeted us but with their threatening looks. And cannot God as easily uphold his sinking saints, and blow over any storm that hangs over their heads? An artificer takes it ill, if when he hath finished some intricate piece of work, and sets it forth to be seen, as Apelles was wont to do, men slight it, and take no notice of his handiwork. And is there not a woe to such stupid persons as "regard not the work of the Lord, neither consider the operation of his hands?." Isaiah 5:12 He was telling any tale from a bowl but that one stirred our ears , A sino quispiam narrabat fabulam, at ille movebat aures is a proverb among the Greeks. Christ was by at the creation, and rejoiced; Proverbs 8:30 angels also were by at the doing of a great deal, and were wrapped with admiration. Job 38:4-7 Shall they shout for joy, and we be silent? Oh, how should we vex at the vile dulness of our hearts, that are no more affected with these indelible ravishments!
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
창 1:9-13.
셋째 날.
9. 하늘 아래의 물이 한 곳으로 모이고--세계는 물과 땅으로 이루어진 지구가 되어야 했고, 이것은 그 표면에서 일어난 화산적 격변, 곧 어떤 부분은 솟아오르고 다른 부분은 가라앉으며 거대한 웅덩이들이 형성되는 일을 통해 이루어졌다. 그 웅덩이들 속으로 물들이 맹렬히 밀려들었는데, 이는 다음 말씀에 생생하게 묘사되어 있다.
(시 104:6-9)
[히치콕]. 그리하여 땅의 큰 부분이 "마른 땅"으로 남게 되었고, 이렇게 대양과 바다와 호수와 강들이 형성되었다. 그것들은 각각 자기 바닥이나 수로를 가지고 있지만 모두 바다와 연결되어 있다.
(욥 38:10; 전 1:7).
Ge 1:9-13.
THIRD DAY.
9. let the waters under the heaven be gathered together unto one place--The world was to be rendered a terraqueous globe, and this was effected by a volcanic convulsion on its surface, the upheaving of some parts, the sinking of others, and the formation of vast hollows, into which the waters impetuously rushed, as is graphically described
(Ps 104:6-9)
[HITCHCOCK]. Thus a large part of the earth was left "dry land," and thus were formed oceans, seas, lakes, and rivers which, though each having its own bed, or channel, are all connected with the sea
(Job 38:10; Ec 1:7).
יבשׁה yabāshâh는 "마른 것, 땅"이다. יבשׁ yabēsh는 "마르다"이고, בושׁ bôsh는 "당황하다"이다.
עשׂב ‛ēśāb는 "채소, 풀"이다.
זרע zēra‛는 "씨"이다. זרע zāra‛는 "씨를 뿌리다"이고, sero이다.
פרי perı̂y는 "열매"이다. ברה pārâh는 "맺다"이고, φέρω pherō이다.
이 날의 창조 사역은 분명히 두 부분으로 되어 있다. 곧 땅과 물의 분배, 그리고 식물들의 창조이다. 그 앞부분은 뒤의 부분이 시작되기 전에 완성되고, 이름 붙여지고, 검토되고, 승인된다. 사실 이보다 앞서 이루어진 모든 것은 식물 왕국의 도입을 준비하는 것이다. 이것은 현재 창조 과정의 첫 단계로 볼 수 있다.
Genesis 1:9
물이 한 곳으로 모이고, 땅이 드러나라. - 이것은 "궁창" 아래에서 아직 넘쳐흐르던 물들의 깊음을 가리킨다 Genesis 1:2. 그것들은 일정한 한계 안에 갇혀야 한다. 이 목적을 위해 그것들이 한 곳으로 모이라는 명령이 내려진다. 곧 분명히 땅을 위해 계획된 곳과 구별된 장소로 모이라는 뜻이다.
יבשׁה yabāshâh "the dry, the ground." יבשׁ yabēsh, "be dry." בושׁ bôsh, "be abashed."
עשׂב ‛ēśāb, "herb."
זרע zēra‛, "seed." זרע zāra‛, "sow," sero.
פרי perı̂y, "fruit." ברה pārâh, "bear"; φέρω pherō.
The work of creation on this day is evidently twofold, - the distribution of land and water, and the creation of plants. The former part of it is completed, named, reviewed, and approved before the latter is commenced. All that has been done before this, indeed, is preparatory to the introduction of the vegetable kingdom. This may be regarded as the first stage of the present creative process.
Genesis 1:9
Let the water be gathered to one place; let the ground appear. - This refers to the yet overflowing deep of waters Genesis 1:2 under "the expanse." They must be confined within certain limits. For this purpose the order is issued, that they be gathered into one place; that is, evidently, into a place apart from that designed for the land.
그때 하나님이 궁창을 하늘이라 부르셨다. - 그러므로 이 펼쳐진 공간은 고유하고 원초적인 하늘들이다. 여기에서 우리는 말들이 그 의미를 가까운 것, 단순한 것, 명백한 것에서 먼 것과 넓은 것, 복합적인 것과 추론적인 것으로 확장해 가는 방식에 대한 흥미롭고 교훈적인 예를 가진다. 하늘은 첫 경우에 우리가 숨 쉬고 움직이며, 새들이 날고 구름들이 떠다니는 지표 위의 열린 공간을 뜻했다. 이것이 대기이다. 그다음 그것은 무수한 빛나는 표면과 불투명한 표면의 천체들이 둘러 움직이는, 겉보기에 끝없는 공간 영역들로 뻗어 나간다. 그다음 하늘들은 이렇게 한정 없이 확장된 펼쳐진 공간의 내용물, 곧 하늘의 광명체들 자체를 뜻하게 된다. 그다음 그 의미가 한층 더 확대됨으로써 우리는 하늘들의 하늘, 곧 지극히 높으신 분의 형언할 수 없이 장엄하고 엄위한 임재의 방으로 올라간다. 그곳에서 그룹과 스랍, 셀 수 없는 천사의 무리, 무수한 성도들이 각자의 등급과 영역 안에서 움직이며, 자기들을 지으신 분의 명령을 지키고 자기 존재의 기쁨을 실현한다. 이것이 셋째 하늘 2 Corinthians 12:2이며, 인간 정신의 상상 능력은 쉬운 단계적 상승을 통해 그 개념에 이른다. 인간은 이 장엄한 개념에 한 번 도달하고 나면, 하나님의 책을 여는 숭고한 문장, 곧 "태초에 하나님이 '하늘들'과 땅을 창조하셨다"를 생각하고 구성할 준비를 그만큼 갖추게 된다.
이 사물들의 배열이 이루어진 펼쳐진 공간, 곧 공중의 공간이 그 적절한 이름을 받았으므로, 그것은 성취된 사실로 인정되고 둘째 날은 닫힌다.