1
1Sa 23:1-6.
영문 원문
1Sa 23:1-6.
DAVID RESCUES KEILAH.
1. Then they told David--rather, "now they had told"; for this information had reached him previous to his hearing
(1Sa 23:6)
of the Nob tragedy.
Keilah--a city in the west of Judah
(Jos 15:44),
not far from the forest of Hareth.
and they rob the threshing-floors--These were commonly situated on the fields and were open to the wind
(Jud 6:11; Ru 3:2).
2
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2-5节. 大卫求问耶和华. 很可能是借着迦得
(2Sa 24:11; 1Ch 21:9)， 他大约因撒母耳的推荐而在大卫营中
(1Sa 22:5)。 击退对正在收割的无辜百姓无端发动的袭击，乃是仁爱之举。但大卫在没有王命的情况下，应当介入到何种程度去对付公敌，却属可疑；为此他求问并得着了神的 counsel。他部下的犹豫使大卫为他们再次求问以求安心；此后他既完全确信自己的本分，便迎击侵略者，以决定性的胜利使基伊拉人不再受扰。
영문 원문
2-5. David inquired of the Lord--most probably through Gad
(2Sa 24:11; 1Ch 21:9),
who was present in David's camp
(1Sa 22:5),
probably by the recommendation of Samuel. To repel unprovoked assaults on unoffending people who were engaged in their harvest operations, was a humane and benevolent service. But it was doubtful how far it was David's duty to go against a public enemy without the royal commission; and on that account he asked, and obtained, the divine counsel. A demur on the part of his men led David to renew the consultation for their satisfaction; after which, being fully assured of his duty, he encountered the aggressors and, by a signal victory, delivered the people of Keilah from further molestation.
6
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6节. 以弗得. 其中有乌陵和土明
(Ex 28:30)。 大概当亚希米勒和其余祭司应扫罗之召前往基比亚时，以弗得交由亚比亚他保管。
영문 원문
6. an ephod--in which was the Urim and Thummim
(Ex 28:30).
It had, probably, been committed to his care, while Ahimelech and the other priests repaired to Gibeah, in obedience to the summons of Saul.
7
1Sa 23:7-13.
撒上 23:7-13.
扫罗前来，基伊拉人背叛。
7节. 有人告诉扫罗大卫到了基伊拉. 扫罗以为他的猎物如今已被困在一座有城墙的城内，便自以为十拿九稳。心愿成了思想的父。他经历这么多，却仍如此迟钝、如此不愿相信：神的特别护理 shielding 大卫脱离他一切网罗！
영문 원문
1Sa 23:7-13.
SAUL'S COMING, AND TREACHERY OF THE KEILITES.
7. it was told Saul that David was come to Keilah--Saul imagined himself now certain of his victim, who would be hemmed within a fortified town. The wish was father to the thought. How wonderfully slow and unwilling to be convinced by all his experience, that the special protection of Providence shielded David from all his snares!
8
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8节. 扫罗招聚众民去打仗. 不是以色列全联合支派，而是邻近地区的居民。这兵力大概是以对抗非利士人为公开借口召集的，实际上却暗中为对付大卫而发动。
영문 원문
8. Saul called all the people together to war--not the united tribes of Israel, but the inhabitants of the adjoining districts. This force was raised, probably, on the ostensible pretext of opposing the Philistines, while, in reality, it was secretly to arouse mischief against David.
9
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9节. 他对祭司亚比亚他说，将以弗得拿过来. 求问和祷告都是借着祭司进行的。此处所描述的取舍条件，常被引为说明神预知和预定事件之教理的例子。
영문 원문
9. he said to Abiathar the priest, Bring hither the ephod--The consultation was made, and the prayer uttered, by means of the priest. The alternative conditions here described have often been referred to as illustrating the doctrine of God's foreknowledge and preordination of events.
14
1Sa 23:14-18.
1Sa 23:14-18.
大卫 逃往 西弗。
14, 15. 大卫住在……西弗的旷野——山地与偏僻之处通常被称为「旷野」,并以该地区某个大城的名字为名。希伯仑东南二英里、位于一片平坦平原中央之处有 Tell-ziph,是一座高约一百英尺、孤立的圆锥形小丘,大概是古西弗城的卫城[VAN DE VELDE],或其废墟[ROBINSON];周围的旷野即由此得名。这地方在古时似乎覆盖着广大的森林。该国因人手所造成的毁坏,数百年来早已失去其林木森林。
영문 원문
1Sa 23:14-18.
DAVID ESCAPES TO ZIPH.
14, 15. David abode in the wilderness . . . of Ziph--A mountainous and sequestered region was generally called a wilderness, and took its name from some large town in the district. Two miles southeast of Hebron, and in the midst of a level plain, is Tell-ziph, an isolated and conical hillock, about a hundred feet high, probably the acropolis [VAN DE VELDE], or the ruins [ROBINSON] of the ancient city of Ziph, from which the surrounding wilderness was called. It seems, anciently, to have been covered by an extensive woods. The country has for centuries lost its woods and forests, owing to the devastations caused by man.
16
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16, 17. 约拿单往树林里去见大卫,使他在神里面坚固——乃是借着提醒他们彼此之间的约。约拿单的信心在能寻求这样的会面、说出这样的话之前,必已对天然的情感和较低层的考量取得了何等的胜利!能够以平静而笃定的信心,谈论自己与家族将被那位以圣洁庄严之约所结之友所取代——这事,唯有超脱一切属世权谋之见、以神政之灵与原则(承认神为以色列唯一至高之主)看待万事进程的人,方能为之。无论历史还是虚构,都未描绘过比约拿单更纯洁、更高贵、更舍己的友情!
영문 원문
16, 17. Jonathan went to David into the wood, and strengthened his hand in God--by the recollection of their mutual covenant. What a victory over natural feelings and lower considerations must the faith of Jonathan have won, before he could seek such an interview and give utterance to such sentiments! To talk with calm and assured confidence of himself and family being superseded by the man who was his friend by the bonds of a holy and solemn covenant, could only have been done by one who, superior to all views of worldly policy, looked at the course of things in the spirit and through the principles of that theocracy which acknowledged God as the only and supreme Sovereign of Israel. Neither history nor fiction depicts the movements of a friendship purer, nobler, and more self-denying than Jonathan's!
19
1Sa 23:19-29.
1Sa 23:19-29.
扫罗 追赶他。
19-23. 西弗人上基比亚去见扫罗,说:大卫不是在我们那里隐藏吗?——从西弗的废丘上可以眺望周围整个地区的全景。难怪西弗人看见大卫和他的部下在旷野的山间往来穿梭。当大卫冒险在哈基拉山——「旷野右边」,即西弗的南边——现身时,他们在远处窥见他,便急忙差人去见扫罗,告知他仇敌的藏身之处[VAN DE VELDE]。
영문 원문
1Sa 23:19-29.
SAUL PURSUES HIM.
19-23. Then came up the Ziphites to Saul to Gibeah, saying, Doth not David hide himself with us?--From the tell of Ziph a panorama of the whole surrounding district is to be seen. No wonder, then, that the Ziphites saw David and his men passing to and fro in the mountains of the wilderness. Spying him at a distance when he ventured to show himself on the hill of Hachilah, "on the right hand of the wilderness," that is, the south side of Ziph, they sent in haste to Saul, to tell him of the lurking place of his enemy [VAN DE VELDE].
25
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25. 大卫……下到磐石,住在玛云旷野——Tell Main 是古玛云城(Jos 15:55)所在的小丘,毗邻的旷野即由此得名;此地在迦密以北一英里、以东十英里处。山地高原似乎在此终结。诚然,南方山岭的主脊向西南延伸得更远;但向东南方,地面愈降愈低,成为一片较低的高原,被称为「旷野右边[即南边]的平原」[VAN DE VELDE]。
영문 원문
25. David . . . came down into a rock, and abode in the wilderness of Maon--Tell Main, the hillock on which was situated the ancient Maon
(Jos 15:55),
and from which the adjoining wilderness took its name, is one mile north, ten east from Carmel. The mountain plateau seems here to end. It is true the summit ridge of the southern hills runs out a long way further towards the southwest; but towards the southeast the ground sinks more and more down to a tableland of a lower level, which is called "the plain to the right hand [that is, to the south] of the wilderness" [VAN DE VELDE].
29
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29. 大卫从那里上去,住在隐基底的山寨——隐基底意即「野山羊或瞪羚之泉」,因死海西岸这些悬崖上栖息着无数的巨角山羊或叙利亚岩羚羊(Jos 15:62)而得名。今称 Ain Jiddy。四周遍布洞穴,昔时可作大卫及其部下的藏身之处,如同今日为亡命之徒所用一样[ROBINSON]。
영문 원문
29. David went up from thence, and dwelt in strong holds at En-gedi--that is, "the spring of the wild goats or gazelles"--a name given to it from the vast number of ibexes or Syrian chamois which inhabit these cliffs on the western shore of the Dead Sea
(Jos 15:62).
It is now called Ain Jiddy. On all sides the country is full of caverns, which might then serve as lurking places for David and his men, as they do for outlaws at the present day [ROBINSON].
撒上 23:1-6.
大卫拯救基伊拉。
1节. 有人告诉大卫. 更准确地说：「现在他们已经告诉了」；因为这消息是在他听见
(1Sa 23:6) 挪伯悲剧之前已传到他那里。
基伊拉. 犹大西部的一座城
(Jos 15:44)， 离哈列树林不远。
他们抢夺禾场. 禾场通常设在田野上，迎风敞开
(Jud 6:11; Ru 3:2)。