1
2Ch 19:1-4.
영문 원문
2Ch 19:1-4.
JEHOSHAPHAT VISITS HIS KINGDOM.
1-4. Jehoshaphat . . . returned to his house in peace--(See
2Ch 18:16).
Not long after he had resumed the ordinary functions of royalty in Jerusalem, he was one day disturbed by an unexpected and ominous visit from a prophet of the Lord
[2Ch 19:2].
This was Jehu, of whose father we read in
2Ch 16:7.
He himself had been called to discharge the prophetic office in Israel. But probably for his bold rebuke to Baasha
(1Ki 16:1),
he had been driven by that arbitrary monarch within the territory of Judah, where we now find him with the privileged license of his order, taking the same religious supervision of Jehoshaphat's proceedings as he had formerly done of Baasha's. At the interview here described, he condemned, in the strongest terms, the king of Judah's imprudent and incongruous league with Ahab--God's open enemy
(1Ki 22:2)
--as an unholy alliance that would be conducive neither to the honor and comfort of his house nor to the best interests of his kingdom. He apprised Jehoshaphat that, on account of that grave offense, "wrath was upon him from before the Lord," a judgment that was inflicted soon after (see on
2Ch 20:1-37).
The prophet's rebuke, however, was administered in a mingled strain of severity and mildness; for he interposed "a nevertheless"
(2Ch 19:3),
which implied that the threatened storm would be averted, in token of the divine approval of his public efforts for the promotion of the true religion, as well as of the sincere piety of his personal character and life.
4
제목 없음
4. 他又出巡民間——意即他重新任命公眾教導的委員
（2Ch 17:7-9）， 或許還賦予新的權力、配備更龐大的助手編制，以遍及全地各處。為此所需的老師名額不難取得，因為如今整個利未支派都集中在猶大國中。
영문 원문
4. he went out again through the people--This means his reappointing the commissioners of public instruction
(2Ch 17:7-9),
perhaps with new powers and a larger staff of assistants to overtake every part of the land. The complement of teachers required for that purpose would be easily obtained because the whole tribe of Levites was now concentrated within the kingdom of Judah.
5
2Ch 19:5-7.
2Ch 19:5-7.
他對士師的指示。
5-7. 他在國中設立士師——司法法庭早已有之。但約沙法是第一位根據如今殘破之猶大國的實況調整這些制度的君王。他在各堅固城——即各區的省會——設立地方法庭（參
De 16:18）。
영문 원문
2Ch 19:5-7.
HIS INSTRUCTIONS TO THE JUDGES.
5-7. he set judges in the land--There had been judicial courts established at an early period. But Jehoshaphat was the first king who modified these institutions according to the circumstances of the now fragmentary kingdom of Judah. He fixed local courts in each of the fortified cities, these being the provincial capitals of every district (see on
De 16:18).
8
2Ch 19:8-11.
2Ch 19:8-11.
致祭司與利未人。
8. 從利未人……祭司中和以色列宗族的首領中派定——這三類人中選出一定數目組成最高法院，駐耶路撒冷，複審下級法庭的上訴案件。它分為兩部：第一部主管宗教事務；第二部主管民事、財政與刑事案件。另有人認為，最高法院的兩部分別按以下裁決：一部按聖書所載的律法；另一部按習慣與衡平之法。正如今日東方國家一樣，成文法與不成文法是分別的司法對象。
영문 원문
2Ch 19:8-11.
TO THE PRIESTS AND LEVITES.
8. set of the Levites . . . priests, and of the chief of the fathers of Israel--A certain number of these three classes constituted a supreme court, which sat in Jerusalem to review appellate cases from the inferior courts. It consisted of two divisions: the first of which had jurisdiction in ecclesiastical matters; the second, in civil, fiscal, and criminal cases. According to others, the two divisions of the supreme court adjudicated: the one according to the law contained in the sacred books; the other according to the law of custom and equity. As in Eastern countries at the present day, the written and unwritten law are objects of separate jurisdiction.
2Ch 19:1-4.
約沙法巡視全國。
1-4. 約沙法……平平安安地回耶路撒冷——（參
2Ch 18:16）。
他恢復日常王政不久，有一天竟遭到一位耶和華先知突如其來、令人不安的造訪
〔2Ch 19:2〕。 這位先知就是耶戶，我們可在
2Ch 16:7 讀到他父親的事。他本人曾被召在以色列履行先知之職。但或許因他曾嚴辭責備巴沙
（1Ki 16:1）， 便被那專橫的君王驅逐到猶大境內；如今我們見他以先知身分所享的特權，對約沙法的舉措實施同樣的宗教監督，一如他從前對巴沙所行的。在這裡所述的會面中，他以最嚴厲的措辭譴責猶大王與亞哈——上帝的公開仇敵
（1Ki 22:2） ——所結那輕率且不相稱的同盟，視之為既無益於他自家尊榮與安舒、也有損國家福祉的不聖潔聯盟。他告訴約沙法，因這嚴重的過犯，「耶和華的怒氣必臨到你」，這審判不久便告應驗（參
2Ch 20:1-37）。 然而先知的責備是在嚴厲與溫和之間交織而施；因他加上一句「然而」
（2Ch 19:3）， 暗示所威脅的風暴將會消解，以表明上帝悅納他推動真道的努力，以及他個人品格與生活真誠的敬虔。