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2Ch 28:1-21.
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2Ch 28:1-21.
AHAZ, REIGNING WICKEDLY, IS AFFLICTED BY THE SYRIANS.
1-4. Ahaz was twenty years old--(See on
2Ki 16:1-4).
This prince, discarding the principles and example of his excellent father, early betrayed a strong bias to idolatry. He ruled with an arbitrary and absolute authority, and not as a theocratic sovereign: he not only forsook the temple of God, but embraced first the symbolic worship established in the sister kingdom, and afterwards the gross idolatry practised by the Canaanites.
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5-7. 耶和華……將他交在亞蘭王手裏……他又被交在以色列王手裏——這幾節未提及敘利亞王與以色列王結盟入侵猶大國，也未記述約坦在位末年戰事的開端
（2Ki 15:37）， 只記了戰役初期數場戰鬥的結果。
交給他……擊打他……他也交——指他的軍隊，因為亞哈斯本人不在被殺或被擄之列。一日之內殺了十二萬人，是一場可怕的災禍，經文
（2Ch 28:6） 明說這是作為對猶大的刑罰而臨到的，「因為他們離棄了耶和華他們列祖的上帝」。被殺的人中有一些顯要人物：
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5-7. the Lord . . . delivered him into the hand of the king of Syria . . . he was also delivered into the hand of the King of Israel--These verses, without alluding to the formation of a confederacy between the Syrian and Israelitish kings to invade the kingdom of Judah, or relating the commencement of the war in the close of Jotham's reign
(2Ki 15:37),
give the issue only of some battles that were fought in the early part of the campaign.
delivered him . . . smote him . . . he was also delivered--that is, his army, for Ahaz was not personally included in the number either of the slain or the captives. The slaughter of one hundred twenty thousand in one day was a terrible calamity, which, it is
(2Ch 28:6)
expressly said, was inflicted as a judgment on Judah, "because they had forsaken the Lord God of their fathers." Among the slain were some persons of distinction:
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7. 王的兒子瑪西雅——亞哈斯的兒子們太年幼不能參戰，這人必是先王約坦的幼子；
家宰亞斯利甘——即「宮殿」的家宰；
在王左右的以利加拿——即宰相或首相
（Ge 41:40； Es 10:3）。 這些人都被以色列戰士細基利在戰場上擊殺，或如有人認為，是在戰後被下令處死。也有大批俘虜落入征服者手中；戰俘在盟國之間均分後，在軍隊護送下被送往敘利亞與以色列各自的京城
〔2Ch 28:8〕。
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7. Maaseiah the king's son--the sons of Ahaz being too young to take part in a battle, this individual must have been a younger son of the late King Jotham;
Azrikam the governor of the house--that is, "the palace"; and
Elkanah that was next to the king--that is, the vizier or prime minister
(Ge 41:40; Es 10:3).
These were all cut down on the field by Zichri, an Israelitish warrior, or as some think, ordered to be put to death after the battle. A vast number of captives also fell into the power of the conquerors; and an equal division of war prisoners being made between the allies, they were sent off under a military escort to the respective capitals of Syria and Israel
[2Ch 28:8].
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8-14. 以色列人擄了他們弟兄二十萬人——這些俘虜中包括大量婦女、男孩與女孩，這情形暗示希伯來人如同其他東方人一樣，隨軍有大批非戰鬥人員（參
Jud 4:8）。 這些「弟兄」被當作俘虜帶到撒瑪利亞的消息，在較善良的居民中引起普遍的憤慨；於是先知俄德，由首領們陪同
（2Ch 28:12 與 2Ch 28:14 對照）， 在押送隊伍接近時出去，阻止將這些戰俘引入城中的羞辱暴行。護送部隊的軍官們當然無可指責；他們只是履行軍職，將戰俘押送到指定地點。但俄德清楚指出，以色列軍隊得勝——不是因兵力的優勢，而是因上帝對猶大的審判。他有力地揭露了將「弟兄」作為戰奴的罪行之嚴重。他懇切抗議，不可在已堆積如山的本國罪惡之上，再加這悖逆而有罪的殘忍之惡
（Le 25:43, 44； Mic 2:8, 9）。 他這番義正辭嚴的勸阻，加上民眾情緒的反對，使得「帶兵器的人就把俘虜和掠物留在首領和全會眾面前。」
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8-14. the children of Israel carried away captive of their brethren two hundred thousand--These captives included a great number of women, boys, and girls, a circumstance which creates a presumption that the Hebrews, like other Orientals, were accompanied in the war by multitudes of non-combatants (see on
Jud 4:8).
The report of these "brethren," being brought as captives to Samaria, excited general indignation among the better-disposed inhabitants; and Oded, a prophet, accompanied by the princes
(2Ch 28:12 compared with 2Ch 28:14),
went out, as the escort was approaching, to prevent the disgraceful outrage of introducing such prisoners into the city. The officers of the squadron were, of course, not to blame; they were simply doing their military duty in conducting those prisoners of war to their destination. But Oded clearly showed that the Israelitish army had gained the victory--not by the superiority of their arms, but in consequence of the divine judgment against Judah. He forcibly exposed the enormity of the offense of keeping "their brethren" as slaves got in war. He protested earnestly against adding this great offense of unnatural and sinful cruelty
(Le 25:43, 44; Mic 2:8, 9)
to the already overwhelming amount of their own national sins. Such was the effect of his spirited remonstrance and the opposing tide of popular feeling, that "the armed men left the captives and the spoil before the princes and all the congregation."
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15. 提名所呼召的人就起來——這些人就是「以法蓮的族長」（見
2Ch 28:12）， 或是為此善舉所選的其他要人。在他們仁慈的監督下，俘虜不僅獲得釋放，更從掠物中獲得衣食的舒適供應，並被護送到耶利哥，踏上歸途。這是一個美麗而動人的事件——表明即使在這國力衰落的時期，仍不乏堅守上帝律法的人。
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15. the men which were expressed by name rose up--These were either the "heads of the children of Ephraim" (mentioned
2Ch 28:12),
or some other leading individuals chosen for the benevolent office. Under their kindly superintendence, the prisoners were not only released, but out of the spoils were comfortably relieved with food and clothing, and conveyed as far as Jericho on their way back to their own homes. This is a beautiful incident, and full of interest, as showing that even at this period of national decline, there were not a few who steadfastly adhered to the law of God.
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16. 那時亞哈斯王差遣人去見亞述諸王——「諸王」是複數代單數，許多古譯本作單數。「那時」指亞哈斯大難當頭的時期——他在接連敗績之後退守耶路撒冷城內。敘利亞與以色列的盟軍或是在同一次、或是在隨後的戰役中，進軍圍攻他（參
2Ki 16:7）。 雖然脫離了這危險，其他仇敵仍侵擾其南境與西境。
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16. At that time did king Ahaz send unto the kings of Assyria--"kings," the plural for the singular, which is found in many ancient versions. "At that time," refers to the period of Ahaz' great distress, when, after a succession of defeats, he retreated within the walls of Jerusalem. Either in the same or a subsequent campaign, the Syrian and Israelitish allies marched there to besiege him (see on
2Ki 16:7).
Though delivered from this danger, other enemies infested his dominions both on the south and the west.
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17. 以東人又來攻擊猶大——這次入侵必是在利汛（在最近的敘以之戰初期）已使那民脫離猶大之軛之後
（2Ch 15:11； 參
2Ki 16:6）。
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17. again the Edomites had come and smitten Judah--This invasion must have been after Rezin (at the beginning of the recent Syro-Israelitish war), had released that people from the yoke of Judah
(2Ch 15:11;
compare
2Ki 16:6).
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18. 基低羅——在非利士邊境
（Jos 15:41）。
梭哥——即 Socoh
（Jos 15:35）， 今 Shuweikeh，猶大谷中的一座城（參
1Sa 17:1）。
亭謝——今 Jimza，在路得（呂大）以東稍偏〔ROBINSON〕。這一切使「耶和華使猶大卑微」的災禍，都因猶大（以色列）王亞哈斯（參
2Ch 21:2；24:16；28:27）—— 他使猶大白白露出，大大干犯耶和華。
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18. Gederoth--on the Philistine frontier
(Jos 15:41).
Shocho--or Socoh
(Jos 15:35),
now Shuweikeh, a town in the Valley of Judah (see on
1Sa 17:1).
Gimzo--now Jimza, a little east of Ludd (Lydda) [ROBINSON]. All these disasters, by which the "Lord brought Judah low," were because of Ahaz, king of Israel (Judah), see
2Ch 21:2; 24:16; 28:27,
who made Judah naked, and transgressed sore against the Lord.
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20. 提革拉毗列色……卻欺凌他，而不是堅固他——即：儘管提革拉毗列色因攻取大馬色、殺了利汛
（2Ki 16:9） 而暫時解了亞哈斯的圍，結果卻幾乎沒有益處，因提革拉毗列色在大馬色過冬、縱情宴樂；而與亞述王所結的聯盟，最終成了猶大國新的、更大的災禍與恥辱之源
（2Ch 28:2, 3）。
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20. Tilgath-pilneser . . . distressed him, but strengthened him not--that is, notwithstanding the temporary relief which Tilgath-pilneser afforded him by the conquest of Damascus and the slaughter of Rezin
(2Ki 16:9),
little advantage resulted from it, for Tilgath-pilneser spent the winter in voluptuous revelry at Damascus; and the connection formed with the Assyrian king was eventually a source of new and greater calamities and humiliation to the kingdom of Judah
(2Ch 28:2, 3).
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2Ch 28:22-27.
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2Ch 28:22-27.
他在急難的時候越發犯罪。
22. 他在急難的時候越發得罪耶和華——這位昏昧的王沉迷於偶像崇拜，並以王權大力推廣，其熱烈如同出於一種激情——帶著外邦人的無知與奴性的恐懼
（2Ch 28:23）， 又公然藐視上帝
（參 2Ki 16:10-20）。
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2Ch 28:22-27.
HIS IDOLATRY IN HIS DISTRESS.
22. in the time of his distress did he trespass yet more against the Lord--This infatuated king surrendered himself to the influence of idolatry and exerted his royal authority to extend it, with the intensity of a passion--with the ignorance and servile fear of a heathen
(2Ch 28:23)
and a ruthless defiance of God (see on
2Ki 16:10-20).
2Ch 28:1-21.
亞哈斯行惡，受亞蘭人苦害。
1-4. 亞哈斯登基的時候年二十歲——（參
2Ki 16:1-4）。
這位君王撇下他那賢德之父的原則與榜樣，早年便顯出對偶像崇拜的強烈傾向。他以專橫絕對的權柄施政，而非作神權治下的君王：他不僅離棄上帝的殿，先是接受姊妹國所立的象徵性敬拜，繼而又奉行迦南人所行粗俗的偶像崇拜。