1
2Ch 33:1-10.
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2Ch 33:1-10.
MANASSEH'S WICKED REIGN.
1, 2. Manasseh . . . did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord--(See on
2Ki 21:1-16).
11
2Ch 33:11-19.
繁體中文
2Ch 33:11-19.
他被帶到巴比倫，在那裏在上帝面前自卑，並復位。
11. 亞述王營的元帥——這王是以撒哈頓。他將在位頭幾年用於鞏固國內政權之後，便轉而注意修復幼發拉底河以西藩屬省分的損失——這些省分在西拿基立的災禍與死亡之後，乘機擺脫了亞述的軛。他蹂躪巴勒斯坦、遷走以色列國中所餘的居民之後，派遣他的將領——首領是他珥探
（Isa 20:1） ——率領一部分軍隊去征服猶大。在一次成功的攻擊耶路撒冷之役中，他們俘獲了大批人，連王本人也在俘虜之中，是一大收穫。
拿住瑪拿西……用鈎子——這可能如一般所認為，意指他藏在荊棘叢中。我們知道希伯來人有時在叢林中避難
（1Sa 13:6）。 但希伯來文 Bacochim 作「在荊棘中」，有些譯本作 Bechayim，即「在活人中」，如此本節即「把他活活拿住」。
用銅鍊鎖住他，帶到巴比倫——希伯來文譯作「鍊子」之詞，本指兩條銅鍊。瑪拿西在亞述君王面前的羞辱狀態，可從科薩巴德宮殿一塊石板上的圖畫想見——畫中被縛的俘虜被帶到王面前。「畫中所繪的俘虜看來是巴勒斯坦居民。俘虜身後站著四人，長袍下部有銘文；前二人有騒鬚，似乎是控告者；後二人幾乎殘損；但最後一人身後出現一個宦官，其職似為引見獲准來到王前的人。他後面跟著另一個與受罰者同族的人；他雙手被桎梏，腳踝上有堅固的環，為一根重條所連」〔Nineveh and Its Palaces〕。圖中沒有名字，因此不能斷定那形象就是瑪拿西。但那些人看來是希伯來人，這幅畫面使我們能想象這位來自猶大的王室俘虜在巴比倫朝廷中被帶入的方式。以撒哈頓在那裏建立了他的駐所；因為雖然從其父死後的多次叛亂來看，他起初只繼承了亞述的王位，但在征服猶大之前某時已收復巴比倫，這位有為的君王便將巴比倫與迦勒底兩大帝國統一於其治下，並將政府駐地遷到巴比倫。
영문 원문
2Ch 33:11-19.
HE IS CARRIED UNTO BABYLON, WHERE HE HUMBLES HIMSELF BEFORE GOD, AND IS RESTORED TO HIS KINGDOM.
11. the captains of the host of the king of Assyria--This king was Esar-haddon. After having devoted the first years of his reign to the consolidation of his government at home, he turned his attention to repair the loss of the tributary provinces west of the Euphrates, which, on the disaster and death of Sennacherib, had taken the opportunity of shaking off the Assyrian yoke. Having overrun Palestine and removed the remnant that were left in the kingdom of Israel, he despatched his generals, the chief of whom was Tartan
(Isa 20:1),
with a portion of his army for the reduction of Judah also. In a successful attack upon Jerusalem, they took multitudes of captives, and got a great prize, including the king himself, among the prisoners.
took Manasseh among the thorns--This may mean, as is commonly supposed, that he had hid himself among a thicket of briers and brambles. We know that the Hebrews sometimes took refuge from their enemies in thickets
(1Sa 13:6).
But, instead of the Hebrew, Bacochim, "among the thorns", some versions read Bechayim, "among the living", and so the passage would be "took him alive."
bound him with fetters, and carried him to Babylon--The Hebrew word rendered "fetters" denotes properly two chains of brass. The humiliating state in which Manasseh appeared before the Assyrian monarch may be judged of by a picture on a tablet in the Khorsabad palace, representing prisoners led bound into the king's presence. "The captives represented appear to be inhabitants of Palestine. Behind the prisoners stand four persons with inscriptions on the lower part of their tunics; the first two are bearded, and seem to be accusers; the remaining two are nearly defaced; but behind the last appears the eunuch, whose office it seems to be to usher into the presence of the king those who are permitted to appear before him. He is followed by another person of the same race as those under punishment; his hands are manacled, and on his ankles are strong rings fastened together by a heavy bar" [Nineveh and Its Palaces]. No name is given, and, therefore, no conclusion can be drawn that the figure represents Manasseh. But the people appear to be Hebrews, and this pictorial scene will enable us to imagine the manner in which the royal captive from Judah was received in the court of Babylon. Esar-haddon had established his residence there; for though from the many revolts that followed the death of his father, he succeeded at first only to the throne of Assyria, yet having some time previous to his conquest of Judah, recovered possession of Babylon, this enterprising king had united under his sway the two empires of Babylon and Chaldea and transferred the seat of his government to Babylon.
12
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12, 13. 他在急難的時候，就懇求耶和華他的上帝——在流放或囚禁的孤寂中，瑪拿西有閒暇反省。災禍迫使他回顧過去的一生，並深信自己被廢與被擄的苦難，全因他離棄了列祖的上帝那可怕且空前的背道
（2Ch 33:7）。 他自卑、悔改，並祈求一個結出悔改果子的機會。他的禱告蒙了垂聽；因征服者不僅釋放了他，而且在兩年流放之後，以尊榮和完全的王權，使他復位於一個進貢藩屬的王國。亞述王恢復瑪拿西，無疑有某種政治動機，而那很可能是要以猶大國作為埃及與其亞述領土之間的屏障。但上帝使這措施為更高的目的效力。瑪拿西如今因受管教而成聖之苦難的影響，顯出是個全新而更好的人。他徹底扭轉了先前的政策——不僅毀除他從前在耶路撒冷所立的偶像柱像與祭壇，更以極大的熱忱恢復並鼓勵對上帝的敬拜。
영문 원문
12, 13. when he was in affliction, he besought the Lord his God--In the solitude of exile or imprisonment, Manasseh had leisure for reflection. The calamities forced upon him a review of his past life, under a conviction that the miseries of his dethronement and captive condition were owing to his awful and unprecedented apostasy
(2Ch 33:7)
from the God of his fathers. He humbled himself, repented, and prayed for an opportunity of bringing forth the fruits of repentance. His prayer was heard; for his conqueror not only released him, but, after two years' exile, restored him, with honor and the full exercise of royal power, to a tributary and dependent kingdom. Some political motive, doubtless, prompted the Assyrian king to restore Manasseh, and that was most probably to have the kingdom of Judah as a barrier between Egypt and his Assyrian dominions. But God overruled this measure for higher purposes. Manasseh now showed himself, by the influence of sanctified affliction, a new and better man. He made a complete reversal of his former policy, by not only destroying all the idolatrous statues and altars he had formerly erected in Jerusalem, but displaying the most ardent zeal in restoring and encouraging the worship of God.
14
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14. 他在城外……基訓西邊……直到魚門口築了一道牆——「魚門的確切位置表明，基訓谷只可能是那條從大馬色門西北方、平緩地向南下降、在錫安山東北角與提羅珥園谷匯合的谷——提羅珥園谷在那裏成直角轉向，流向西羅亞。瑪拿西在基訓谷西面所築的這道牆，從錫安城牆東北角附近向北延伸，直到跨越山谷、與安東尼亞壕溝的外牆相接——正是聖殿最容易被攻擊的方位」〔BARCLAY〕。
영문 원문
14. he built a wall without the city . . . on the west side of Gihon . . . even to the entering in at the fish gate--"The well-ascertained position of the fish gate, shows that the valley of Gihon could be no other than that leading northwest of Damascus gate, and gently descending southward, uniting with the Tyropœon at the northeast corner of Mount Zion, where the latter turns at right angles and runs towards Siloam. The wall thus built by Manasseh on the west side of the valley of Gihon, would extend from the vicinity of the northeast corner of the wall of Zion in a northerly direction, until it crossed over the valley to form a junction with the outer wall at the trench of Antonia, precisely in the quarter where the temple would be most easily assailed" [BARCLAY].
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17. 百姓卻仍在邱壇獻祭，只是單單獻給耶和華他們的上帝——此處顯示，邱壇上的敬拜雖在很大程度上源於異教的實踐，也常常引向異教，卻不一定意味著拜偶像。
영문 원문
17. the people did sacrifice still in the high places, yet unto the Lord their God only--Here it appears that the worship on high places, though it originated in a great measure from the practice of heathenism, and too often led to it, did not necessarily imply idolatry.
20
2Ch 33:20-25.
繁體中文
2Ch 33:20-25.
他去世，亞們繼位。
20, 21. 瑪拿西與他列祖同睡……亞們登基——（參
2Ki 21:19）。
영문 원문
2Ch 33:20-25.
HE DIES AND AMON SUCCEEDS HIM.
20, 21. Manasseh slept with his fathers . . . Amon began to reign--(See on
2Ki 21:19).
2Ch 33:1-10.
瑪拿西的惡政。
1, 2. 瑪拿西……行耶和華眼中看為惡的事——（參
2Ki 21:1-16）。