1
De 22:1-4.
简体中文
영문 원문
De 22:1-4.
OF HUMANITY TOWARD BRETHREN.
1. Thou shalt not see thy brother's ox or his sheep go astray, and hide thyself from them, &c.--"Brother" is a term of extensive application, comprehending persons of every description; not a relative, neighbor, or fellow countryman only, but any human being, known or unknown, a foreigner, and even an enemy
(Ex 23:4).
The duty inculcated is an act of common justice and charity, which, while it was taught by the law of nature, was more clearly and forcibly enjoined in the law delivered by God to His people. Indifference or dissimulation in the circumstances supposed would not only be cruelty to the dumb animals, but a violation of the common rights of humanity; and therefore the dictates of natural feeling, and still more the authority of the divine law, enjoined that the lost or missing property of another should be taken care of by the finder, till a proper opportunity occurred of restoring it to the owner.
5
De 22:5-12.
简体中文
申 22:5-12.
衣着当分辨性别。
5. 妇女不可穿戴男子所穿戴的，男子也不可穿妇女的衣服——虽然异教庙宇中某些时节有人乔装打扮，但这里所指更可能是日常生活中不当的轻浮之举。这些确当被禁；因为异性衣着的采用是对廉耻的侵犯，它抹煞天然的区分——在男人身上滋长阴柔与女气，在女人身上滋生放肆与鲁莽，并在双方身上助长轻浮与虚伪；总之，它开启了无数恶行之门，因此凡穿异性衣装的人都被宣称为"耶和华所憎恶"。
영문 원문
De 22:5-12.
THE SEX TO BE DISTINGUISHED BY APPAREL.
5. The woman shall not wear that which pertaineth unto a man, neither shall a man put on a woman's garment--Though disguises were assumed at certain times in heathen temples, it is probable that a reference was made to unbecoming levities practised in common life. They were properly forbidden; for the adoption of the habiliments of the one sex by the other is an outrage on decency, obliterates the distinctions of nature by fostering softness and effeminacy in the man, impudence and boldness in the woman as well as levity and hypocrisy in both; and, in short, it opens the door to an influx of so many evils that all who wear the dress of another sex are pronounced "an abomination unto the Lord."
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简体中文
6, 7. 你若在路上遇见鸟窝——这是摩西律法之人性精神的一个美好例证，既制止肆意破坏的倾向，又鼓励对最微小的受造之物怀有仁慈、怜悯的心肠。但这诫命中不仅有仁慈，更有智慧；因为众所周知，鸟类在自然界的经济体中担负重要功用，无论食用或猛禽的某一物种一旦绝种，在任何国家都必造成严重的祸害。而巴勒斯坦尤其地处出产毒蛇、蝎子的气候；其旷野与山地若非以这些蛇蝎及大批苍蝇、蝗虫、老鼠和各种害虫为食的鸟类被灭绝，必为它们所充斥〔MICHAELIS〕。因此，此处所给的忠告既是智慧也是仁慈：保留母鸟不予惊扰，以便繁衍物种；同时偶尔取走雏鸟作为抑制其过速繁殖的手段。
영문 원문
6, 7. If a bird's nest chance to be before thee--This is a beautiful instance of the humanizing spirit of the Mosaic law, in checking a tendency to wanton destructiveness and encouraging a spirit of kind and compassionate tenderness to the tiniest creatures. But there was wisdom as well as humanity in the precept; for, as birds are well known to serve important uses in the economy of nature, the extirpation of a species, whether of edible or ravenous birds, must in any country be productive of serious evils. But Palestine, in particular, was situated in a climate which produced poisonous snakes and scorpions; and the deserts and mountains would have been overrun with them as well as immense swarms of flies, locusts, mice, and vermin of various kinds if the birds which fed upon them were extirpated [MICHAELIS]. Accordingly, the counsel given in this passage was wise as well as humane, to leave the hen undisturbed for the propagation of the species, while the taking of the brood occasionally was permitted as a check to too rapid an increase.
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8. 你要在房顶的四围安栏杆，免得有人从那里掉下来，流血的罪就归于你的家——古时犹太地，正如现今东方一样，房屋的顶部是平的，由大梁上铺枝条或细枝，再以黏土或坚固灰泥覆盖而成。四周有齐胸高的矮墙围护。夏季屋顶是乘凉的去处，常有人不慎走近边缘而跌入街道或院子的事故；因此犹太立法者规定，新房必须以石栏或木栏围绕屋顶，作为房屋必不可少的构件——这是明智审慎的预防措施。
영문 원문
8. thou shalt make a battlement for thy roof, that thou bring not blood upon thine house, if any man fall from thence--The tops of houses in ancient Judea, as in the East still, were flat, being composed of branches or twigs laid across large beams, and covered with a cement of clay or strong plaster. They were surrounded by a parapet breast high. In summer the roof is a favorite resort for coolness, and accidents would frequently happen from persons incautiously approaching the edge and falling into the street or court; hence it was a wise and prudent precaution in the Jewish legislator to provide that a stone balustrade or timber railing round the roof should form an essential part of every new house.
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简体中文
9. 不可把两样种子种在你的葡萄园里——（参
利 19:19）。
영문 원문
9. Thou shalt not sow thy vineyard with divers seeds--(See on
Le 19:19).
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简体中文
10. 不可并用牛驴耕地——这种并用，是否与种子的掺杂一样出于迷信的动机，而此禁令是象征性的、旨在教导一项道德教训
(林后 6:14)，
也许有也许没有这样的情形。但此禁令防止了一种至今仍偶尔在东方国家的穷人中所行的大不仁。牛与驴既属不同种类、性情迥异，不能舒适地相处，也不能愉快地合作拉犁或拉车。驴因体型小得多、步伐短得多，会出现不均、不规则的拉力。况且驴因食用粗糙、有毒的杂草，口气恶臭，与之同轭的伙伴竭力回避——既因有毒且令人作呕，又因会导致瘦弱，若久续甚至致死；因此，据观察牛总是把头偏开驴，只用一侧肩膀拉拽。
영문 원문
10. Thou shalt not plough with an ox and an ass together--Whether this association, like the mixture of seeds, had been dictated by superstitious motives and the prohibition was symbolical, designed to teach a moral lesson
(2Co 6:14),
may or may not have been the case. But the prohibition prevented a great inhumanity still occasionally practised by the poorer sort in Oriental countries. An ox and ass, being of different species and of very different characters, cannot associate comfortably, nor unite cheerfully in drawing a plough or a wagon. The ass being much smaller and his step shorter, there would be an unequal and irregular draft. Besides, the ass, from feeding on coarse and poisonous weeds, has a fetid breath, which its yoke fellow seeks to avoid, not only as poisonous and offensive, but producing leanness, or, if long continued, death; and hence, it has been observed always to hold away its head from the ass and to pull only with one shoulder.
11
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简体中文
11. 不可穿两样掺杂的料子做的衣服——这罪
(番 1:8)
的本质不在于穿一件羊毛或细麻布的袍子，而在于将两种质料织在一起，这是古代偶像崇拜者所喜爱的一种迷信（参
利 19:19)。
영문 원문
11. thou shalt not wear a garment of divers sorts--The essence of the crime
(Zep 1:8)
consisted, not in wearing a woollen and a linen robe, but in the two stuffs being woven together, according to a favorite superstition of ancient idolaters (see on
Le 19:19).
12
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简体中文
12. 你要在所披的外衣四围做繸子——或按一些著名圣经学者的见解，作被盖四角上的繸子。此诫命与
民 15:38
并不相同。
영문 원문
12. thou shalt make thee fringes upon the four quarters--or, according to some eminent biblical interpreters, tassels on the coverlet of the bed. The precept is not the same as
Nu 15:38.
13
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简体中文
13-30. 人若娶妻等——以下的规定在当时以色列人的处境中可能是迫切需要的；然而我们不必对此好奇且冒失地探究。把这些事记录下来绝非有失神的体面，反而这些条例必加增我们对神在管理如此顽梗、易于放纵不规则情欲的百姓时所显智慧和良善的钦佩。说圣经不是受神默示所写、理由是本段及类似段落会败坏想象、并被心怀恶意的读者滥用，并不比说太阳不是神所造的更有力——因为太阳的光可能被恶人滥用，作其图谋之罪的帮凶〔HORNE〕。
영문 원문
13-30. If a man take a wife, &c.--The regulations that follow might be imperatively needful in the then situation of the Israelites; and yet, it is not necessary that we should curiously and impertinently inquire into them. So far was it from being unworthy of God to leave such things upon record, that the enactments must heighten our admiration of His wisdom and goodness in the management of a people so perverse and so given to irregular passions. Nor is it a better argument that the Scriptures were not written by inspiration of God to object that this passage, and others of a like nature, tend to corrupt the imagination and will be abused by evil-disposed readers, than it is to say that the sun was not created by God, because its light may be abused by wicked men as an assistant in committing crimes which they have meditated [HORNE].
申 22:1-4。
论对弟兄的仁爱。
1. 你看见弟兄的牛或羊失迷了路，不可佯为不见等——「弟兄」一词含义甚广，包括各色各样的人；不仅是亲属、邻舍或同胞，更是任何人类，无论相识与否，外邦人，甚至仇敌
（出 23:4）。
此处所吩咐的本分是一种寻常的公正与慈爱的举动，这原为自然律所教导，更在神赐给祂百姓的律法中清楚而有力地命定。在上述情形中漠不关心或假装不见，不仅是对不会说话之牲畜的残忍，也是对人类共同权利的侵犯；因此自然感情的指示，更不用说神圣律法的权威，都要求凡拾获他人遗失或失踪之财物者应妥善保管，直到有合适机会归还原主。