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Es 10:1-3.
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Es 10:1-3.
AHASUERUS' GREATNESS. MORDECAI'S ADVANCEMENT.
1. Ahasuerus laid a tribute--This passage being an appendix to the history, and improperly separated from the preceding chapter, it might be that the occasion of levying this new impost arose out of the commotions raised by Haman's conspiracy. Neither the nature nor the amount of the tax has been recorded; only it was not a local tribute, but one exacted from all parts of his vast empire.
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2. 論到末底改的尊大——這位敬虔而優秀的猶太人的經歷，正好印證了那句話：「凡自高的，必降為卑；自卑的，必升為高」
[太 23:12； 路 14:11; 18:14]。
他本甘心坐在王門那裡，如今卻被擢升為最高的臣宰、統管全國的權臣。他始終按真理與公義的大原則行事，他的尊大所以能立得穩固。他公開承認自己的信仰，而他作為真宗教信徒的影響力，對於促進猶太百姓的福祉、並為神增添榮耀，都大有功用。
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2. the declaration of the greatness of Mordecai--The experience of this pious and excellent Jew verified the statement, "he that humbleth himself shall be exalted"
[Mt 23:12; Lu 14:11; 18:14].
From sitting contentedly at the king's gate, he was raised to the dignity of highest subject, the powerful ruler of the kingdom. Acting uniformly on the great principles of truth and righteousness, his greatness rested on a firm foundation. His faith was openly avowed, and his influence as a professor of the true religion was of the greatest usefulness for promoting the welfare of the Jewish people, as well as for advancing the glory of God.
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3. 末底改……僅次於亞哈隨魯王……在猶太人中為大等等——這位敬虔而愛國的猶太人被擢升，得以掌握最高的官職權柄，對當時受苦的教會而言，具有極大的意義；因為他素來有此心志，如今便能將王室的影響力與權柄用以促進他那些被擄同胞的利益，並擴展他們的特權。從這個角度看，神護理的作為在他那出乎意料的擢升的每一步中都清晰可辨。這一護理的干預之所以更顯得非凡，乃因它正如約瑟的情形一樣，是藉使事情尋常而自然的進程導致最為奇妙的結果而顯明出來的。借用一位傑出主教敬虔的話說：「儘管在這一整段故事中，並無神大能的特別彰顯，也沒有任何特殊的因由或代理者在其運作上超乎尋常的自然境界，然而神所立定的這些尋常代理者的安排與配合，本身就比用真正超自然之法來成就同一目的更為可佩。」在東方朝廷中，一個人從卑微被輕忽的境地驟然擢升至最有權勢和影響力的職位，並非罕見，也非稀奇。在位君王的任性、偏私的偏愛，或者，也可能是他識破潛伏的精力與才幹的敏銳眼光，常常「從糞堆中抬舉貧寒人，使他們與王子同坐」
[撒上 2:8]。
近代波斯一些權勢滔天的宰相，以及埃及不少的貝伊（bey），都是以這種方式被擢升到各自尊位的。因此，「僅次於亞哈隨魯、在猶太人中為大的」末底改的擢升，完全符合那地方「命運之輪」急速旋轉的情形。但若考慮到末底改擢升的一切情形——不僅他得著王的恩寵，更「得眾弟兄的喜悅」——這無疑是主的作為，在他百姓眼中實在奇妙。
得眾弟兄的喜悅——他們對他的尊大非但不存嫉妒，反而因這樣一位好人被擢升至官職而稱頌神。
向眾子孫說平安的話——他在執政時，雖以寬厚公正的手腕施行治理，但凡同胞向他求計求援，他都格外熱切友善地相待。
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羅伯特·賈米森（Robert Jamieson）、A. R. 福塞特（A. R. Fausset）、大衛·布朗（David Brown）
《聖經全卷評註與釋義》（1871）
補充、勘誤與見解請寄給 編者
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3. For Mordecai . . . was next unto King Ahasuerus . . . great among the Jews, &c.--The elevation of this pious and patriotic Jew to the possession of the highest official power was of very great importance to the suffering church at that period; for it enabled him, who all along possessed the disposition, now to direct the royal influence and authority in promoting the interests and extending the privileges of his exiled countrymen. Viewed in this light, the providence of God is plainly traceable in all the steps that led to his unexpected advancement. This providential interposition is all the more remarkable, that, as in the analogous case of Joseph, it was displayed in making the ordinary and natural course of things lead to the most marvellous results. To use the pious words of an eminent prelate, "though in the whole of this episode there was no extraordinary manifestation of God's power, no particular cause or agent that was in its working advanced above the ordinary pitch of nature, yet the contrivance, and suiting these ordinary agents appointed by God, is in itself more admirable than if the same end had been effected by means that were truly miraculous." The sudden advancement of individuals from obscurity and neglect to the highest stations of power and influence is, in Eastern courts, no extraordinary nor infrequent occurrence. The caprice, the weak partiality of the reigning sovereign, or, it may be, his penetrating discernment in discovering latent energy and talent, has often "raised the beggar from the dunghill, and set him among princes"
[1Sa 2:8].
Some of the all-powerful viziers in modern Persia, and not a few of the beys in Egypt, have been elevated to their respective dignities in this manner. And, therefore, the advancement of "Mordecai, who was next unto Ahasuerus, and great among the Jews," was in perfect accordance with the rapid revolution of "the wheel of fortune" in that part of the world. But, considering all the circumstances of Mordecai's advancement, not only his gaining the favor of the king, but his being "accepted of the multitude of his brethren, it was beyond all controversy the doing of the Lord, and was truly marvellous in his people's eyes."
accepted of the multitude of his brethren--Far from being envious of his grandeur, they blessed God for the elevation to official power of so good a man.
speaking peace to all his seed--While his administration was conducted with a mild and impartial hand, he showed a peculiarly warm and friendly feeling to all his countrymen when asked his counsel or his aid.
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Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
Send Addenda, Corrigenda, and Sententiae to the editor
斯 10:1-3。
亞哈隨魯的威榮。末底改的高升。
1. 亞哈隨魯王進貢——本段既為歷史的附錄，且與上一章被不當地分隔開來，那麼徵收這一新稅項的緣由，可能正是因哈曼的陰謀所引起的動盪而起。這稅的性質與數額都未有記載；只知它並非一地性的貢賦，而是從他那龐大帝國各處徵收而來的。