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Ex 33:1-23.
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Ex 33:1-23.
THE LORD REFUSES TO GO WITH THE PEOPLE.
1. the Lord said--rather "had" said unto Moses. The conference detailed in this chapter must be considered as having occurred prior to the pathetic intercession of Moses, recorded at the close of the preceding chapter; and the historian, having mentioned the fact of his earnest and painful anxiety, under the overwhelming pressure of which he poured forth that intercessory prayer for his apostate countrymen, now enters on a detailed account of the circumstances.
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3. 我自己不同你上去……恐怕我在路上把你們滅絕——此處耶和華被描述為決意行祂後來並未行的事
（參 Ex 32:7）。
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3. I will not go up . . . lest I consume thee--Here the Lord is represented as determined to do what He afterwards did not. (See on
Ex 32:7).
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4. 百姓聽見這凶信——即摩西從山下來時所傳給他們的。
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4. when the people heard these evil tidings--from Moses on his descent from the mount.
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5. 摘下你們的妝飾——在哀储的時節，東方人習慣脫去一切花俏的裝飾，卸下珠寶、金飾以及衣著中一切華美之物。主要求祂犯罪的百姓以此作為他們憂傷的記號。
好叫我怎樣待你們——這話是遷就人微弱的理解力而說的。上帝以其行為的趨向判斷內心的狀態。在以色列人的事上，祂懷有施恩的計畫；當祂一察覺他們悔改的初步跡象——他們卸下妝飾、如同自覺有錯而誠心憂傷的悔罪者——這事實便加重了摩西禱告的懇切，使其在百姓的事上在上帝面前得著應允。
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5. put off thy ornaments--In seasons of mourning, it is customary with Eastern people to lay aside all gewgaws and divest themselves of their jewels, their gold, and every thing rich and splendid in their dress. This token of their sorrow the Lord required of His offending people.
that I may know what to do unto thee--The language is accommodated to the feeble apprehensions of men. God judges the state of the heart by the tenor of the conduct. In the case of the Israelites, He cherished a design of mercy; and the moment He discerned the first symptoms of contrition, by their stripping off their ornaments, as penitents conscious of their error and sincerely sorrowful, this fact added its weight to the fervency of Moses' prayers, and gave them prevalence with God in behalf of the people.
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7. 摩西將帳棚支搭在營外——不是那已賜下樣式的會幕，因為它尚未建成，而是摩西自己的帳幕——作為領袖的帳幕，顯眼可見——在其中一部分他聽斷案件、與上帝商談關乎百姓利益的事；因此稱為「會幕」；其撤出是出於對被玷污之營的厭惡，被視為上帝所威脅的全面棄絕的第一步。
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7. Moses took the tabernacle, and pitched it without the camp--Not the tabernacle, of which a pattern had been given him, for it was not yet erected, but his own tent--conspicuous as that of the leader--in a part of which he heard cases and communed with God about the people's interests; hence called "the tabernacle of the congregation," and the withdrawal of which, in abhorrence from a polluted camp, was regarded as the first step in the total abandonment with which God had threatened them.
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8. 百姓起來，各人站在自己帳棚的門口——它的撤離造成了深沉而普遍的驚惶；不難想像所有的眼睛會多麼焦慮地注視著它；當一個現象出現、使人可以建立鼓勵性的盼望時，這好消息會多麼迅速地傳開。
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8. all the people rose up, and stood every man at his tent door--Its removal produced deep and universal consternation; and it is easy to conceive how anxiously all eyes would be directed towards it; how rapidly the happy intelligence would spread, when a phenomenon was witnessed from which an encouraging hope could be founded.
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9-11. 雲柱降臨，停在會幕門前——當百姓看見那象徵性的雲柱緩慢而莊嚴地降下、停在會幕門口時，他們沮丧的心將如何復甦——每一個胸中的喜樂將如何高漲！
摩西進去的時候——正當他以中保的身分顯現、日復一日去為他們代求時，那受歡迎的保證記號才賜下——表明他的代求有效，以色列的罪已蒙赦免，上帝將再次施恩。
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9-11. the cloudy pillar descended, and stood at the door of the tabernacle--How would the downcast hearts of the people revive--how would the tide of joy swell in every bosom, when the symbolic cloud was seen slowly and majestically to descend and stand at the entrance of the tabernacle!
as Moses entered--It was when he appeared as their mediator, when he repaired from day to day to intercede for them, that welcome token of assurance was given that his advocacy prevailed, that Israel's sin was forgiven, and that God would again be gracious.
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18-23. 求你向我顯示你的榮耀——這是聖經所描述最奧祕的場景之一：他為得安慰與鼓勵，得著了上帝威嚴輝煌而完全的展示——不是在其毫無遮蔽的光輝中，而是在人性軟弱所能承受的範圍內。臉、手、背都要從比喻上理解。
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18-23. I beseech thee, show me thy glory--This is one of the most mysterious scenes described in the Bible: he had, for his comfort and encouragement, a splendid and full display of the divine majesty, not in its unveiled effulgence, but as far as the weakness of humanity would admit. The face, hand, back parts, are to be understood figuratively.
Ex 33:1-23.
耶和華拒絕與百姓同去。
1. 耶和華說——更恰當地說「曾」對摩西說。本章所詳述的這番會談，必須視為發生於上一章末尾所記摩西那動人的代求之前；史家既已提及他那懇切而痛苦的焦慮——他在其沉重的壓力下為其背道的同胞傾吐了那代求的禱告，如今便進而詳細記述其始末。