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Eze 27:1-36.
简体中文
영문 원문
Eze 27:1-36.
TYRE'S FORMER GREATNESS, SUGGESTING A LAMENTATION OVER HER SAD DOWNFALL.
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2. 哀歌——一首丧礼挽歌，颂赞她的伟大特质，为要使她昔日的光景与后来的光景之间的对比更为鲜明。
영문 원문
2. lamentation--a funeral dirge, eulogizing her great attributes, to make the contrast the greater between her former and her latter state.
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3. 居海口——字面为复数“入口”，即港口或避风港；指推罗的双港口，船只可从该岛的南北两端进入，因此无论风从哪个方向吹来，船只都能轻易入港（参较
Eze 28:2)。
……许多海岛……的客商——即东西方许多沿海民族的商业都会
(Isa 23:3)，
“万国的大码头”。
极为荣美——
(Eze 28:12)。
영문 원문
3. situate at the entry of the sea--literally, plural, "entrances," that is, ports or havens; referring to the double port of Tyre, at which vessels entered round the north and south ends of the island, so that ships could find a ready entrance from whatever point the wind might blow (compare
Eze 28:2).
merchant of . . . people for many isles--that is, a mercantile emporium of the peoples of many seacoasts, both from the east and from the west
(Isa 23:3),
"a mart of nations."
of perfect beauty--
(Eze 28:12).
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4. 推罗因其四面环海、与大陆相隔半英里海峡的位置，被描绘为一艘以最佳材料建造、配以最佳水手和熟练舵手的船，最终却在狂风巨浪的海中失事
(Eze 27:26)。
영문 원문
4. Tyre, in consonance with her seagirt position, separated by a strait of half a mile from the mainland, is described as a ship built of the best material, and manned with the best mariners and skilful pilots, but at last wrecked in tempestuous seas
(Eze 27:26).
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5. 示尼珥——黑门山、即安提黎巴嫩南部高地的亚摩利名
(De 3:9)；
西顿人的名称为示连（Sirion）。“你所有的……板”；希伯来文为双数，“双板”，即安置在船之两侧的双重排列[VATABLUS]。或指两端——船头和船尾，每艘船都有[MUNSTER]。
香柏树——因其高大耐久，最适合作“桅杆”。
영문 원문
5. Senir--the Amorite name of Hermon, or the southern height of Anti-libanus
(De 3:9);
the Sidonian name was Sirion. "All thy . . . boards"; dual in Hebrew, "double-boards," namely, placed in a double order on the two sides of which the ship consisted [VATABLUS]. Or, referring to the two sides or the two ends, the prow and the stern, which every ship has [MUNSTER].
cedars--most suited for "masts," from their height and durability.
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6. 巴珊（Bashan）——以橡树闻名，如 Lebanon 之以香柏树闻名。
亚书利亚的同伴（the company of . . . Ashurites）——即从 Assyria 召来的最巧匠人。更作（如希伯来文（Hebrew）拼法所要求）：“他们用象牙镶嵌，做你的（划桨）坐板，嵌于香柏之女中[MAURER]”，或作最好的黄杨木。FAIRBAIRN 随 BOCHART 将希伯来文（Hebrew）二字读为一字：“你的板工（甲板：原文单数，故不取‘坐板’）他们以象牙镶嵌于盒中。”*英文译本（English Version）*加上 MAURER 的更正更为简明。
基提（Chittim）——即塞浦路斯（Cyprus）和马其顿（Macedonia），PLINY 告诉我们，最好的黄杨木便产自那里[GROTIUS]。
영문 원문
6. Bashan--celebrated for its oaks, as Lebanon was for its cedars.
the company of . . . Ashurites--the most skilful workmen summoned from Assyria. Rather, as the Hebrew orthography requires, "They have made thy (rowing) benches of ivory inlaid in the daughter of cedars" [MAURER], or, the best boxwood. FAIRBAIRN, with BOCHART, reads the Hebrew two words as one: "Thy plankwork (deck: instead of 'benches,' as the Hebrew is singular) they made ivory with boxes." English Version, with MAURER'S correction, is simpler.
Chittim--Cyprus and Macedonia, from which, PLINY tells us, the best boxwood came [GROTIUS].
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7. 绣花……帆——古人常以重价绣制船帆，尤其是 Egyptian，他们仍存于木乃伊中的麻布质地极其精致。
以利沙（Elishah）——即 Greece；得名自 Elis，Peloponnesus 上一大而古老的地区。PAUSANIAS 说最好的麻布产于此地，Greece 别处皆无；HOMER 称之为 Alisium。
遮盖你的——你的篷盖。
영문 원문
7. broidered . . . sail--The ancients embroidered their sails often at great expense, especially the Egyptians, whose linen, still preserved in mummies, is of the finest texture.
Elishah--Greece; so called from Elis, a large and ancient division of Peloponnesus. PAUSANIAS says that the best of linen was produced in it, and in no other part of Greece; called by HOMER, Alisium.
that which covered thee--thy awning.
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8. 亚瓦底（Arvad）——Phœnicia 附近的一座小岛和城邑，即今 Ruad；其居民至今仍以航海闻名。
推罗啊，你的智慧人……你的舵手——Arvad 人曾与你同等
(Ge 10:18)，
Sidonians 人曾高于你，你却使他们居于下属之位作“水手”，惟独使你本国的巧匠作统帅和舵手。表明 Tyre 在政治与商业上的优越。
영문 원문
8. Arvad--a small island and city near Phœnicia, now Ruad: its inhabitants are still noted for seafaring habits.
thy wise men, O Tyrus . . . thy pilots--While the men of Arvad, once thy equals
(Ge 10:18),
and the Sidonians, once thy superiors, were employed by thee in subordinate positions as "mariners," thou madest thine own skilled men alone to be commanders and pilots. Implying the political and mercantile superiority of Tyre.
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9. 迦巴勒（Gebal）——Beirut 与 Tripolis 之间的 Phœnician 城邑与地区，以巧匠闻名
(1Ki 5:18，
边注（Margin）；
Ps 83:7)。
捻缝工（calkers）——即填补船缝之人：延续关于 Tyre 的比喻。
做你的买卖——即与你交换货物。
영문 원문
9. Gebal--a Phœnician city and region between Beirut and Tripolis, famed for skilled workmen
(1Ki 5:18,
Margin;
Ps 83:7).
calkers--stoppers of chinks in a vessel: carrying on the metaphor as to Tyre.
occupy thy merchandise--that is, to exchange merchandise with thee.
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10. 波斯（Persia）……弗（Phut）——来自极东与极西的勇士。
路德（Lud）——小亚细亚 Meander 河畔的 Lydians，以善射闻名
(Isa 66:19)；
而非 Ethiopia 的 Lydians，因小亚细亚的 Lydians 正处于 Persia 与 Phut（Cyrene 一带持盾的 Libyan 勇士，
Jer 46:9，
为 Ham 之子 Phut 的后裔）之间的中间位置。
挂……盾牌……为美——勇士将他们的军器挂在墙上作为装饰。除掉比喻，意指有这么多国家为你供应雇佣兵，是你的荣耀。
영문 원문
10. Persia . . . Phut--warriors from the extreme east and west.
Lud--the Lydians of Asia Minor, near the Meander, famed for archery
(Isa 66:19);
rather than those of Ethiopia, as the Lydians of Asia Minor form a kind of intermediate step between Persia and Phut (the Libyans about Cyrene, shielded warriors,
Jer 46:9,
descended from Phut, son of Ham).
hanged . . . shield . . . comeliness--Warriors hanged their accoutrements on the walls for ornament. Divested of the metaphor, it means that it was an honor to thee to have so many nations supplying thee with hired soldiers.
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11. 伽玛丁人（Gammadims）——因 Tyrians 是 Syro-Phœnicians，更当取自Syriac词根，意为胆大，“胆大之人”[LUDOVICUS DE DIEU]。在“城楼”守望之职交托外人是不大可能的。另有人取自*希伯来文（Hebrew）*词根，“短剑”，或短刀
(Jud 3:16)，
即“短刀手”。
영문 원문
11. Gammadims--rather, as the Tyrians were Syro-Phœnicians, from a Syriac root, meaning daring, "men of daring" [LUDOVICUS DE DIEU]. It is not likely the keeping of watch "in the towers" would have been entrusted to foreigners. Others take it from a Hebrew root, "a dagger," or short sword
(Jud 3:16),
"short-swordsmen."
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12. 他施（Tarshish）——即 Spain 的 Tartessus，一国以各种金属闻名，这些金属出口至 Tyre。许多“锡”大概是 Phœnicians 从 Cornwall 运到 Tarshish 的。
在你的市集上交易——“与你以物易物”[FAIRBAIRN]；源自词根“留下”，即留下一物以换另一物。
영문 원문
12. Tarshish--Tartessus in Spain, a country famed for various metals, which were exported to Tyre. Much of the "tin" probably was conveyed by the Phœnicians from Cornwall to Tarshish.
traded in thy fairs--"did barter with thee" [FAIRBAIRN]; from a root, "to leave," something left in barter for something else.
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13. 雅完（Javan）——即 Ionians 或Greeks；因小亚细亚的Ionians是 Asiatics 最先接触的希腊人。
土巴（Tubal）……米设（Meshech）——即 Tibareni 与 Moschi，在 Black Sea 与 Caspian Sea 之间的山区。
人口——即作为奴仆。Turkish 的后宫便是从 Circassia 与 Georgia 供应女奴。
器皿——各种物件。Caucasus 一带至今仍制造精良的兵器。
영문 원문
13. Javan--the Ionians or Greeks: for the Ionians of Asia Minor were the first Greeks with whom the Asiatics came in contact.
Tubal . . . Meshech--the Tibareni and Moschi, in the mountain region between the Black and Caspian Seas.
persons of men--that is, as slaves. So the Turkish harems are supplied with female slaves from Circassia and Georgia.
vessels--all kinds of articles. Superior weapons are still manufactured in the Caucasus region.
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14. 陀迦玛（Togarmah）——即 Armenia：为 Gomer 的后裔
(Ge 10:3)。
他们在 Caucasus 以南的山区以马闻名。
马兵——更作“乘马”，与拉车的“马”有别[FAIRBAIRN]。
영문 원문
14. Togarmah--Armenia: descended from Gomer
(Ge 10:3).
Their mountainous region south of the Caucasus was celebrated for horses.
horsemen--rather, "riding-horses," as distinct from "horses" for chariots [FAIRBAIRN].
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15. 底但（Dedan）——靠近波斯海（Persian Sea）：因而成为通往印度（India）贸易的孔道。并非亚拉伯（Arabia）的底但
(Eze 27:20)，
正如此处上下文中的地名所证明的，而是源自古实（Cush）的底但 [BOCHART]，
(Ge 10:7)。
你手中的货物——即贸易上依赖你 [FAIRBAIRN]；前来购买你双手的产品 [GROTIUS]。
礼物——直译作“回报的赏赐”；为货物所付的价钱。
象牙的角——象牙（ivory）因其与角相似而得名。希伯来文中“象牙”一词意为“牙”；故他们不可能误认象牙系出自某些动物的角，而非出自象的獠牙。
영문 원문
15. Dedan--near the Persian Sea: thus an avenue to the commerce of India. Not the Dedan in Arabia
(Eze 27:20),
as the names in the context here prove, but the Dedan sprung from Cush [BOCHART],
(Ge 10:7).
merchandise of thine hand--that is, were dependent on thee for trade [FAIRBAIRN]; came to buy the produce of thy hands [GROTIUS].
a present--literally, "a reward in return"; a price paid for merchandise.
horns of ivory--Ivory is so termed from its resemblance to horns. The Hebrew word for "ivory" means "tooth"; so that they cannot have mistaken ivory as if coming from the horns of certain animals, instead of from the tusks of the elephant.
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16. “亚兰（Syria）因你的货物繁多”，等等。七十士译本（Septuagint）将“亚兰”读作“以东（Edom）”。但亚兰人（Syrians）以经商闻名。
作买卖——是“贸易”的古英文；
Lu 19:13
亦然。
玛瑙——另有人译作“红宝石”、“玉髓”或“珍珠”。
영문 원문
16. "Syria was thy mart for the multitude," &c. For "Syria" the Septuagint reads "Edom." But the Syrians were famed as merchants.
occupied--old English for "traded"; so in
Lu 19:13.
agate--Others translate, "ruby," "chalcedony," or "pearls."
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17. 米匿（Minnith）……巴匿（Pannag）——以色列（Israel）中以出产好麦子闻名的地方，推罗（Tyre）由此得供应
(1Ki 5:9, 11; Ezr 3:7; Ac 12:20)；
米匿从前是亚扪（Ammonite）的一城
(Jud 11:33)。
GROTIUS 将“巴匿”认同为“腓尼基（Phenice）”，即“迦南”的希腊文名称。“他们交易……麦子”，即他们以麦子供给你市场。
乳香——或作“香膏”。
영문 원문
17. Minnith . . . Pannag--names of places in Israel famed for good wheat, wherewith Tyre was supplied
(1Ki 5:9, 11; Ezr 3:7; Ac 12:20);
Minnith was formerly an Ammonite city
(Jud 11:33).
"Pannag" is identified by GROTIUS with "Phenice," the Greek name for "Canaan." "They traded . . . wheat," that is, they supplied thy market with wheat.
balm--or, "balsam."
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18. 希仑（Helbon）——即 Chalybon，在叙利亚（Syria），即今阿勒颇（Aleppo）；以美酒闻名；波斯（Persian）君王非此酒不饮。
영문 원문
18. Helbon--or Chalybon, in Syria, now Aleppo; famed for its wines; the Persian monarchs would drink no other.
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19. 但（Dan）也——所列举的其他地名无一以连接词（“也”；希伯来文 ve）开始。况且所列的产品“桂皮、菖蒲”更适用于亚拉伯（Arabia）的各处。因此 FAIRBAIRN 译作“Vedan”；也许即今亚丁（Aden），靠近曼德海峡（Bab-el-man-deb）。GROTIUS 将之归于 PTOLEMY 所提的 Dana。
雅完（Javan）——并非欧洲（Europe）或小亚细亚（Asia Minor）的希腊人（Greeks），而是亚拉伯一处希腊（Greek）殖民地的居民。
往来——更宜如希伯来文所允许的，作“从乌萨（Uzal）”。这是加在“雅完”之后，以标明所指的是哪一个雅完
(Ge 10:27)。 即亚拉伯菲力克斯（Arabia Felix）或也门（Yemen）的都城；又称萨那（Sanaa） [BOCHART]。 英文译本也给出好的意义：各族各方的人，无论是近处的以色列“但”，还是远处的希腊人或“雅完”，因喜好贸易而惯于“往来”的，都频繁光顾你的市集，带来光亮的铁等等，这些产品并不一定被描述为但或雅完的产物。
光亮的铁——也门（Yemen）至今仍以其刀刃闻名。
菖蒲——芳香的芦苇。
영문 원문
19. Dan also--None of the other places enumerated commence with the copula ("also"; Hebrew, ve). Moreover, the products specified, "cassia, calamus," apply rather to places in Arabia. Therefore, FAIRBAIRN translates, "Vedan"; perhaps the modern Aden, near the straits of Bab-el-man-deb. GROTIUS refers it to Dana, mentioned by PTOLEMY.
Javan--not the Greeks of Europe or Asia Minor, but of a Greek settlement in Arabia.
going to and fro--rather, as Hebrew admits, "from Uzal." This is added to "Javan," to mark which Javan is meant
(Ge 10:27).
The metropolis of Arabia Felix, or Yemen; called also Sanaa [BOCHART]. English Version gives a good sense, thus: All peoples, whether near as the Israelite "Dan," or far as the Greeks or "Javan," who were wont to "go to and fro" from their love of traffic, frequented thy marts, bringing bright iron, &c., these products not being necessarily represented as those of Dan or Javan.
bright iron--Yemen is still famed for its sword blades.
calamus--aromatic cane.
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20. 底但（Dedan）——在亚拉伯（Arabia）；与
Eze 27:15
的底但不同（见
Eze 27:15
注释）。
为亚伯拉罕（Abraham）与基土拉（Keturah）所生
(Ge 25:3)
[BOCHART]。
华美的衣服——华美的床毯。
영문 원문
20. Dedan--in Arabia; distinct from the Dedan in
Eze 27:15
(see on
Eze 27:15).
Descended from Abraham and Keturah
(Ge 25:3)
[BOCHART].
precious clothes--splendid coverlets.
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21. 亚拉伯（Arabia）——亚拉伯的游牧部族，其中以基达（Kedar）为首。
与你交易——直译作“你手中”，即他们与你交易货物，那些你手中所出产的（见
Eze 27:15, 16
注释）。
영문 원문
21. Arabia--the nomadic tribes of Arabia, among which Kedar was pre-eminent.
occupied with thee--literally, "of thy hand," that is, they traded with thee for wares, the product of thy hand (see on
Eze 27:15, 16).
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22. 示巴（Sheba）……拉玛（Raamah）——在亚拉伯（Arabia）。
各类……香料之首——即上好的香料
(De 33:15)。 从印度（India）取得，由商队运到推罗（Tyre）。
영문 원문
22. Sheba . . . Raamah--in Arabia.
chief of . . . spices--that is, best spices
(De 33:15).
Obtained from India and conveyed in caravans to Tyre.
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23. 哈兰（Haran）——亚伯拉罕（Abraham）从吾珥（Ur）迁出之后，在米所波大米（Mesopotamia）的居住地
(Ge 11:31)。
干尼（Canneh）——加勒尼（Calneh），底格里斯河（Tigris）上一座亚述（Assyrian）城；即希腊人（Greeks）的忒西丰（Ctesiphon）
(Ge 10:10)。
伊甸（Eden）——可能指巴比伦（Babylonia）的一个地区（见
Ge 2:8)。
伊甸（Chilmad）——一个复合词；即 PTOLEMY 所称的“玛代（Media）的迦拉（Gaala）”。迦勒底文译本（Chaldee version）解释为玛代。HENDERSON 将之归于迦曼达（Carmanda），XENOPHON 描述其为伯拉河（Euphrates）彼岸的一座大城。
영문 원문
23. Haran--the dwelling-place of Abraham in Mesopotamia, after he moved from Ur
(Ge 11:31).
Canneh--Calneh, an Assyrian city on the Tigris; the Ctesiphon of the Greeks
(Ge 10:10).
Eden--probably a region in Babylonia (see
Ge 2:8).
Chilmad--a compound; the place designated by PTOLEMY "Gaala of Media." The Chaldee version interprets it of Media. HENDERSON refers it to Carmanda, which XENOPHON describes as a large city beyond the Euphrates.
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24. 各样物件——希伯来文作“完全”；精美的装饰品 [GROTIUS]。
衣服——更宜作“外套”或“外衣”；直译作“包裹物”。“蓝”字，HENDERSON 译作“紫”。
用绳索捆扎的华美衣服宝盒——即花缎织物的储藏所，由各色丝线交织成图案而成 [HENDERSON]。
香柏木——“宝盒”用香柏木制成，为要更耐久；它也能防腐，且有香气。
영문 원문
24. all sorts of things--Hebrew, "perfections"; exquisite articles of finery [GROTIUS].
clothes--rather, "mantles" or "cloaks"; literally, "wrappings." For "blue," HENDERSON translates, "purple."
chests of rich apparel, bound with cords--treasures or repositories of damask stuffs, consisting of variegated threads woven together in figures [HENDERSON].
cedar--The "chests" were made of cedar, in order to last the longer; and it also keeps off decay and has a sweet odor.
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25. 为你歌唱——拟人法；你那巨大的商船是你伟大的明证。另有人从不同的希伯来文词根译作“是你的（经商的）旅客”。FAIRBAIRN 译作“是你的城墙”。但与“你十分荣耀”平行的说法支持英文译本，“为你歌唱”。
영문 원문
25. sing of thee--personification; thy great merchant ships were palpable proofs of thy greatness. Others translate from a different Hebrew root, "were thy (mercantile) travellers." FAIRBAIRN translates, "Were thy walls." But the parallelism to "thou wast glorious" favors English Version, "sing of thee."
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简体中文
26. 与她先前的伟大相对，她的覆灭在此借着突如其来的转换，以一艘在海中沉没的船为喻来描绘。
东风——从黎巴嫩（Lebanon）吹来，是地中海（Mediterranean）最猛烈的风
(Ps 48:7)。 即所谓的“利凡特风”。所指乃尼布甲尼撒（Nebuchadnezzar）。“海”是指与他所发生的战争，是那些“荡桨的”，即国家这艘船的掌权者，将其引入以致沉沦。
영문 원문
26. In contrast to her previous greatness, her downfall is here, by a sudden transition, depicted under the image of a vessel foundering at sea.
east wind--blowing from Lebanon, the most violent wind in the Mediterranean
(Ps 48:7).
A Levanter, as it is called. Nebuchadnezzar is meant. The "sea" is the war with him which the "rowers," or rulers of the state vessel, had "brought" it into, to its ruin.
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简体中文
27. 详细的列举暗示了覆灭的完全彻底。
和你一切群众——“就是你一切聚集的群众” [HENDERSON]。
영문 원문
27. The detailed enumeration implies the utter completeness of the ruin.
and in all thy company--"even with all thy collected multitude" [HENDERSON].
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28. 郊野——推罗（Tyre）在邻近大陆上的建筑。
영문 원문
28. The suburbs--the buildings of Tyre on the adjoining continent.
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简体中文
29. 属灵的巴比伦（Babylon）倾覆之时也是如此
(Re 18:17
等)。
必站在……旱地上——他们既从先前所夸的船上被抛出。
영문 원문
29. So on the downfall of spiritual Babylon
(Re 18:17,
&c.).
shall stand upon . . . land--being cast out of their ships in which heretofore they prided themselves.
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简体中文
30. 为你——更宜作“关于你”。
영문 원문
30. against thee--rather, "concerning thee."
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31. 完全秃顶——直译作“以光秃变为秃顶”。这是 Phœnicia 人在哀哭时的习俗；因其与异教迷信相连，故为以色列所禁
(De 14:1)。
32. 举——举起。
被灭的——被灭之人。直译作（相对于它先前熙攘的商贾与水手往来，
Eze 27:27）
“被带至死之寂静中的一位”。
在……海……中——海岛推罗（Tyre）。
영문 원문
31. utterly bald--literally, "bald with baldness." The Phœnician custom in mourning; which, as being connected with heathenish superstitions, was forbidden to Israel
(De 14:1).
32. take up--lift up.
the destroyed--a destroyed one. Literally, (as opposed to its previous bustle of thronging merchants and mariners,
Eze 27:27),
"one brought to death's stillness."
in . . . midst of . . . sea--insular Tyre.
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简体中文
33. 从海中——即从船上卸到岸上出来。
你充满了——以货物丰丰足足地供应。
使……君王富足——以对货物征收的关税使之富足。
영문 원문
33. out of the seas--brought on shore out of the ships.
filledst--didst supply plentifully with wares.
enrich . . . kings--with the custom dues levied on the wares.
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34. 当……的时候……必——如今你既已破碎（遭难）……你的货物……也坠落下去了[MAURER]。
영문 원문
34. In the time when . . . shall . . . shall--Now that thou art broken (wrecked) . . . thy merchandise . . . are fallen [MAURER].
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35. 众海岛——沿海之地。
영문 원문
35. isles--seacoasts.
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36. 嘶嘶作响——因惊讶而发出的；如
1Ki 9:8。
영문 원문
36. hiss--with astonishment; as in
1Ki 9:8.
Eze 27:1-36。
推罗昔日的伟大，引出为她悲惨倾覆所作的哀歌。