1
Ezr 7:1-10.
简体中文
영문 원문
Ezr 7:1-10.
EZRA GOES UP TO JERUSALEM.
1, 2. in the reign of Artaxerxes--the Ahasuerus of Esther.
Ezra the son of Seraiah--that is, grandson or great-grandson. Seraiah was the high priest put to death by Nebuchadnezzar at Riblah
(2Ki 25:18).
A period of one hundred thirty years had elapsed between that catastrophe and the journey of Ezra to Jerusalem. As a grandson of Seraiah, namely, Jeshua, who held the office of high priest, had accompanied Zerubbabel in the first caravan of returning exiles, Ezra must have been in all probability a grandson, descended, too, from a younger son, the older branch being in possession of the pontificate.
6
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简体中文
6. 这以斯拉……是敏捷的文士，通达耶和华……的律法——“文士”一词并非仅指会写字的人，甚至也不仅指精通法律形式、擅长起草公文或私人文件的律师。他是拉比，即博士，精通摩西律法以及与希伯来人民民事和宗教政体风俗有关的一切。此等文士拥有极大的权威与影响力（参
Mt 23:25; Mr 12:28）。
王允准他一切所求的——他离开巴比伦时受托一项重要任务，要在耶路撒冷办理。他获得此职的经过在后续章节中有详述。此处仅提及此事，并敬度承认神的恩典与恩惠使王心倾向于以斯拉的爱国大业。利未人等当时并未同行，只是这里预先提及。
영문 원문
6. This Ezra . . . was a ready scribe in the law of Moses--The term "scribe" does not mean merely a penman, nor even an attorney well versed in forms of law and skilled in the method of preparing public or private deeds. He was a rabbi, or doctor, learned in the Mosaic law, and in all that related to the civil and ecclesiastical polity and customs of the Hebrew people. Scribes of this description possessed great authority and influence (compare
Mt 23:25; Mr 12:28).
the king granted him all his request--left Babylon entrusted with an important commission to be executed in Jerusalem. The manner in which he obtained this office is minutely related in a subsequent passage. Here it is noticed, but with a pious acknowledgment of the divine grace and goodness which disposed the royal mind in favor of Ezra's patriotic objects. The Levites, &c., did not go at that time, but are mentioned here by anticipation.
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简体中文
8. 他于第五个月到了耶路撒冷——相当于我们七月底或八月初。他于犹太新年
（Ezr 7:9）
离开巴比伦，则此行至少花了四个月之久（时间颇长），但他不得不以缓慢的步伐、取短而易行的路段行进，因为他要带领一支庞大的贫民队伍，其中包括妇孺及全部家什（参
Ezr 8:24）。
영문 원문
8. he came to Jerusalem in the fifth month--that is, corresponding to the end of our July or beginning of our August. As he left Babylon on the Jewish New Year's Day
(Ezr 7:9),
the journey must have occupied not less than four months (a long period), but it was necessary to move at a slow pace and by short, easy stages, as he had to conduct a large caravan of poor people, including women, children, and all their household gear (see on
Ezr 8:24).
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简体中文
10. 以斯拉立志考究遵行耶和华的律法等——他素来的渴望就是研读神的律法——其原则、制度、特权与要求；如今他出于爱与热心，将教导、改革、建立他人作为一生的业务。
영문 원문
10. Ezra had prepared his heart to seek the law of the Lord, &c.--His reigning desire had been to study the divine law--its principles, institutions, privileges, and requirements; and now from love and zeal, he devoted himself, as the business of his life, to the work of instructing, reforming, and edifying others.
11
Ezr 7:11-26.
简体中文
Ezr 7:11-26.
亚达薛西的恩诏
11. 这是亚达薛西王交给……诏书——这份文件所授权的措施及其所展现对犹太人的格外关切，极可能是出于以斯帖的影响；据认为她在以斯拉起程之前几个月被高举为后〔HALES〕。另一些采用不同纪年的学者则认为，此事更可能是以斯拉亲自促使波斯朝廷注意此事，他像但以理一样将预言指给王看；或是一些重要的犹太人在王即位时进言，他们看到撒拉铁、约书亚、哈该、撒迦利亚相继去世后殖民地动荡不宁的状态，便建议设立一个委员会以革除弊端、平息混乱、严格执行律法。
영문 원문
Ezr 7:11-26.
GRACIOUS COMMISSION OF ARTAXERXES.
11. this is the copy of the letter that the king Artaxerxes gave--The measure which this document authorized, and the remarkable interest in the Jews displayed in it, were most probably owing to the influence of Esther, who is thought to have been raised to the high position of queen a few months previous to the departure of Ezra [HALES]. According to others, who adopt a different chronology, it was more probably pressed upon the attention of the Persian court by Ezra, who, like Daniel, showed the prophecies to the king; or by some leading Jews on his accession, who, seeing the unsettled and disordered state of the colony after the deaths of Zerubbabel, Jeshua, Haggai, and Zechariah, recommended the appointment of a commission to reform abuses, suppress disorder, and enforce the observance of the law.
12
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简体中文
12. 诸王之王亚达薛西——这个称号他可以据为己有，因为字面上确属真实——他帝国中许多属国王子仍保有王的称号和权柄。但这很可能只是一种东方语言的夸饰，指一位伟大有权势的君王，正如“天上的天”指最高的天，“虚空的虚空”指最大的虚空一样。这虚轰的称号原为亚述诸王所用，后传入波斯君主。上谕是写给“天上神的律法文士祭司以斯拉”——以斯拉被任命担当这项有影响力的使命，对希伯来民族具有重大意义，因为他们中大多数人已在很大程度上对其先祖的语言和制度变得陌生了。
영문 원문
12. Artaxerxes, king of kings--That title might have been assumed as, with literal truth, applicable to him, since many of the tributary princes of his empire still retained the name and authority of kings. But it was a probably a mere Orientalism, denoting a great and powerful prince, as the heaven of heavens signified the highest heaven, and vanity of vanities, the greatest vanity. This vainglorious title was assumed by the kings of Assyria, from whom it passed to the sovereigns of Persia.
unto Ezra the priest, a scribe of the law of the God of heaven--The appointment of Ezra to this influential mission was of the highest importance to the Hebrew people, as a large proportion of them were become, in a great measure, strangers both to the language and the institutions of their forefathers.
14
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简体中文
14. 我与王的七个谋士一同差遣你——这是波斯诸王枢密院的固定人数
（Es 1:10, 14）。
这文件十分清楚准确地描述了以斯拉所受使命的性质及所获权力与特权的范围。首先，它授予权柄按照希伯来人民的律法，由本族的官长和首领设立政府，组织犹大殖民地
（Ezr 7:25, 26），
并有权按罪行的轻重，以罚款、监禁、放逐、死刑惩罚犯者。其次，他获授权携带一笔大额捐款，部分来自王库，部分由同胞自愿捐输，作为在耶路撒冷维持神固定敬拜之用的基金
（Ezr 7:16, 17）。
第三，波斯驻叙利亚的官员奉命在指定的限额内以金钱资助，助他完成其爱国使命的目标
（Ezr 7:21）。
영문 원문
14. sent of the king, and of his seven counsellors--This was the fixed number of the privy council of the kings of Persia
(Es 1:10, 14).
The document describes, with great clearness and precision, the nature of Ezra's commission and the extent of power and prerogatives with which he was invested. It gave him authority, in the first place, to organize the colony in Judea and institute a regular government, according to the laws of the Hebrew people, and by magistrates and rulers of their own nation
(Ezr 7:25, 26),
with power to punish offenders by fines, imprisonment, exile, or death, according to the degree of their criminality. Secondly, he was empowered to carry a large donation in money, partly from the royal treasury and partly raised by voluntary contributions among his countrymen, to create a fund out of which to make suitable provision for maintaining the regular worship of God in Jerusalem
(Ezr 7:16, 17).
Thirdly, the Persian officers in Syria were commanded to afford him every assistance by gifts of money within a certain specified limit, in carrying out the objects of his patriotic mission
(Ezr 7:21).
22
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22-24. 银子一百他连得——按巴比伦银他连得的估值约合英金二万二千镑。第四，亚达薛西以王权认可设立神律，免除祭司利未人纳税进贡，并确立他们在圣所圣事中专一任职的特权。最后，王表示愿神赐福给王及其政府
（Ezr 7:23），
由此可见在波斯朝廷中，由于希伯来民族之被掳，他们所敬拜之神的实存与治理之护理的信念何等强烈。然而当注意，这使命只论及重建圣殿——不是城墙。撒玛利亚人
（Ezr 4:20-22）
以其所描绘加固一座居民暴乱成性、诸王威名远播之城的危险，已成功使波斯朝廷惊恐。
영문 원문
22-24. an hundred talents of silver--£22,000 according to the rate of the silver talent of Babylon. Fourthly, Artaxerxes gave his royal sanction in the establishment of the divine law, which exempted priests and Levites from taxation or tribute and confirmed to them the exclusive right to officiate in the sacred services of the sanctuary. And, finally, in the expression of the king's desire for the divine blessing upon the king and his government
(Ezr 7:23),
we see the strong persuasion which pervaded the Persian court, and had been produced by the captivity of the Hebrew people, as to the being and directing providence of the God they worshipped. It will be observed, however, that the commission related exclusively to the rebuilding of the temple--not of the walls. The Samaritans
(Ezr 4:20-22)
had succeeded in alarming the Persian court by their representations of the danger to the empire of fortifying a city notorious for the turbulent character of its inhabitants and the prowess of its kings.
27
Ezr 7:27, 28.
简体中文
Ezr 7:27, 28.
以斯拉为这恩称颂神
27. 我们列祖的神耶和华是应当称颂的——这敬虔的感恩与以斯拉整个为人相称；他在每一件事上都看出神的手，并总是乐意对神的恩典表达敬虔的赞美。
영문 원문
Ezr 7:27, 28.
EZRA BLESSES GOD FOR THIS FAVOR.
27. Blessed be the Lord God of our fathers--This devout thanksgiving is in unison with the whole character of Ezra, who discerns the hand of God in every event, and is always ready to express a pious acknowledgment for the divine goodness.
Ezr 7:1-10.
以斯拉上耶路撒冷
1, 2. 亚达薛西年间——即以斯帖记中的亚哈随鲁。
西莱雅的儿子以斯拉——即孙子或曾孙。西莱雅是被尼布甲尼撒在利比拉处死的大祭司
（2Ki 25:18）。
从那场灾难到以斯拉前往耶路撒冷，其间已过了一百三十年。西莱雅的孙子约书亚曾随撒拉铁率领的第一批回归被掳之民同行，并担任大祭司之职；由此可见，以斯拉极可能是西莱雅的孙子，而且出于其幼子一脉，因为长房已承袭了大祭司的职位。