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Isa 27:1-13.
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Isa 27:1-13.
CONTINUATION OF THE TWENTY-FOURTH, TWENTY-FIFTH, AND TWENTY-SIXTH CHAPTERS.
At the time when Israel shall be delivered, and the ungodly nations punished, God shall punish also the great enemy of the Church.
1. sore--rather, "hard," "well-tempered."
leviathan--literally, in Arabic, "the twisted animal," applicable to every great tenant of the waters, sea-serpents, crocodiles, &c. In
Eze 29:3; 32:2; Da 7:1, &c. Re 12:3,
&c., potentates hostile to Israel are similarly described; antitypically and ultimately Satan is intended
(Re 20:10).
piercing--rigid [LOWTH]. Flying [MAURER and Septuagint]. Long, extended, namely, as the crocodile which cannot readily bend back its body [HOUBIGANT].
crooked--winding.
dragon--Hebrew, tenin; the crocodile.
sea--the Euphrates, or the expansion of it near Babylon.
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2. 在利維坦被毀滅的那日，葡萄園
(Ps 80:8)
——神的教會——既除去了瑕疵，在神眼中必秀美可愛；為更好表達此意，LOWTH 將一個希伯來文字母改動，把「紅酒」讀作「愉悅」「可愛」。
sing——一首應答之歌 [LOWTH]。
unto her——不如譯作「關於她」（見
Isa 5:1);
即猶太國 [MAURER]。
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2. In that day when leviathan shall be destroyed, the vineyard
(Ps 80:8),
the Church of God, purged of its blemishes, shall be lovely in God's eyes; to bring out this sense the better, LOWTH, by changing a Hebrew letter, reads "pleasant," "lovely," for "red wine."
sing--a responsive song [LOWTH].
unto her--rather, "concerning her" (see on
Isa 5:1);
namely, the Jewish state [MAURER].
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3. lest any hurt it——攻擊它 [MAURER]。「免得她有所缺乏」[HORSLEY]。
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3. lest any hurt it--attack it [MAURER]. "Lest aught be wanting in her" [HORSLEY].
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4. Fury is not in me——即我不再對我的葡萄樹懷怒。
who would set . . . in battle——即巴不得我將荊棘等（惡意的仇敵；
Isa 9:18; 10:17;
2Sa 23:6）
擺在我面前！「我必從其中」，不如作「迎擊他們」。
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4. Fury is not in me--that is, I entertain no longer anger towards my vine.
who would set . . . in battle--that is, would that I had the briers, &c. (the wicked foe;
Isa 9:18; 10:17; 2Sa 23:6),
before me! "I would go through," or rather, "against them."
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5. Or——否則；若以色列的仇敵想要逃避「一同焚燒」，這是唯一的出路。
strength——不如作「我所提供的避難所」[MAURER]。「持守」是指逃亡者常抓住祭壇的角作為庇護
(1Ki 1:50; 2:28).
耶穌是神的「力量」，即罪人必須投靠並持守的「避難所」，若要與神和好
(Isa 45:24;
Ro 5:1;
Eph 2:14;
比較
Job 22:21).
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5. Or--Else; the only alternative, if Israel's enemies wish to escape being "burnt together."
strength--rather, "the refuge which I afford" [MAURER]. "Take hold," refers to the horns of the altar which fugitives often laid hold of as an asylum
(1Ki 1:50; 2:28).
Jesus is God's "strength," or "refuge" which sinners must repair to and take hold of, if they are to have "peace" with God
(Isa 45:24; Ro 5:1; Eph 2:14;
compare
Job 22:21).
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6. He——耶和華。此處主關於祂葡萄園的歌
(Isa 27:2-5)
結束；先知在葡萄的同一比喻下，印證了歌中的情感（比較
Ps 92:13-15;
Ho 14:5, 6).
Israel . . . fill . . . world——
(Ro 11:12).
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6. He--Jehovah. Here the song of the Lord as to His vineyard
(Isa 27:2-5)
ends; and the prophet confirms the sentiment in the song, under the same image of a vine (compare
Ps 92:13-15; Ho 14:5, 6).
Israel . . . fill . . . world--
(Ro 11:12).
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7. him . . . those——以色列——以色列的仇敵。神懲罰祂的百姓，是否像懲罰那些祂用來管教以色列的仇敵一樣嚴厲？不！遠非如此。以色列經過試煉後，祂必恢復；以色列的仇敵祂終必徹底毀滅。
the slaughter of them that are slain by him——不如作「以色列是否按照仇敵被殺的屠殺而被殺？」即仇敵被殺的那種屠殺 [MAURER]。
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7. him . . . those--Israel--Israel's enemies. Has God punished His people as severely as He has those enemies whom He employed to chastise Israel? No! Far from it. Israel, after trials, He will restore; Israel's enemies He will utterly destroy at last.
the slaughter of them that are slain by him--rather, "Is Israel slain according to the slaughter of the enemy slain?" the slaughter wherewith the enemy is slain [MAURER].
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8. In measure——不過度；有節制地
(Job 23:6; Ps 6:1; Jer 10:24; 30:11; 46:28)。
when it shooteth——取自葡萄樹的意象；宜從意象轉到事物本身：「當打發她走（即將以色列放逐；
Isa 50:1，
神本可以公正地將淫婦處死，卻只是休了她），祢就懲罰了她」〔GESENIUS〕。
stayeth——宜作（旁註）「當祂在……之日以暴風颳去它」。
east wind——在東方尤為猛烈
(Job 27:21; Jer 18:17)。
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8. In measure--not beyond measure; in moderation
(Job 23:6; Ps 6:1; Jer 10:24; 30:11; 46:28).
when it shooteth--image from the vine; rather, passing from the image to the thing itself, "when sending her away (namely, Israel to exile;
Isa 50:1,
God only putting the adulteress away when He might justly have put her to death), Thou didst punish her" [GESENIUS].
stayeth--rather, as Margin, "when He removeth it by His rough wind in the day," &c.
east wind--especially violent in the East
(Job 27:21; Jer 18:17).
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9. By this——即以色列的被擄（即「打發走」，
Isa 27:8)。
purged——得贖〔HORSLEY〕。
all the fruit——這就是這管教所設計要帶來的全部益處；即除去他（以色列）的罪（即拜偶像之物；
De 9:21; Ho 10:8)。
when he——耶和華；在尼布甲尼撒毀滅耶路撒冷之時，他是神的器皿。此後猶太人一直棄絕偶像（參
Isa 17:8)。
not stand up——不再興起〔HORSLEY〕。
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9. By this--exile of Israel (the "sending away,"
Isa 27:8).
purged--expiated [HORSLEY].
all the fruit--This is the whole benefit designed to be brought about by the chastisement; namely, the removal of his (Israel's) sin (namely, object of idolatry;
De 9:21; Ho 10:8).
when he--Jehovah; at the destruction of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar, His instrument. The Jews ever since have abhorred idolatry (compare
Isa 17:8).
not stand up--shall rise no more [HORSLEY].
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10. city——耶路撒冷；其壇與偶像被打碎的事已在
Isa 27:9
提及（參
Isa 24:10-12)。
calf feed——
(Isa 17:2)；
必成為極大的荒野牧場。
branches——回到葡萄樹的意象
(Isa 27:2,6)。
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10. city--Jerusalem; the beating asunder of whose altars and images was mentioned in
Isa 27:9
(compare
Isa 24:10-12).
calf feed--
(Isa 17:2);
it shall be a vast wild pasture.
branches--resuming the image of the vine
(Isa 27:2,6).
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11. boughs . . . broken off——猶太人也被如此稱呼
(Ro 11:17, 19, 20)。
set . . . on fire——當作柴燒；「婦女」被特別提及，因為收集柴火、生火做飯大概是她們的工作。
no understanding——關於神的作為
(De 32:28, 29; Jer 5:21; Ho 4:6)。
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11. boughs . . . broken off--so the Jews are called
(Ro 11:17, 19, 20).
set . . . on fire--burn them as fuel; "women" are specified, as probably it was their office to collect fuel and kindle the fire for cooking.
no understanding--as to the ways of God
(De 32:28, 29; Jer 5:21; Ho 4:6).
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12. 猶太人從分散中被恢復，以從樹上搖下的果子被收集的意象來描述。
beat off——如用棍子從樹上打下的果子
(De 24:20)，
然後收集。
river——幼發拉底河。
stream of Egypt——在巴勒斯坦與埃及的邊界
(Nu 34:5; Jos 15:4, 47)，
今Wady-el-Arish。耶和華的葡萄園——以色列——按祂的旨意從尼羅河延伸到幼發拉底河
(1Ki 4:21, 24; Ps 72:8)。
one by one——極為仔細地收集，不僅作為一個國家，更是作為個人。
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12. Restoration of the Jews from their dispersion, described under the image of fruits shaken from trees and collected.
beat off--as fruit beaten off a tree with a stick
(De 24:20),
and then gathered.
river--Euphrates.
stream of Egypt--on the confines of Palestine and Egypt
(Nu 34:5; Jos 15:4, 47),
now Wady-el-Arish, Jehovah's vineyard, Israel, extended according to His purpose from the Nile to the Euphrates
(1Ki 4:21, 24; Ps 72:8).
one by one--gathered most carefully, not merely as a nation, but as individuals.
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13. 大大吹響的號角——取自七月初一日吹號召集百姓舉行聖會的意象
（利 23:24）。
預表上，為福音的號角
（啟 11:15，14:6），
猶太人在末世必聽從
（亞 12:10，13:1）。
正如正月的逾越節對應基督的十字架，同在七月的贖罪日以及與住棚節相連的「拯救」觀念，則對應祂第二次降臨時「救贖」的加冕；因此救贖在
林前 1:30
中列於最後。
亞述——十支派被擄去之處；主要指巴比倫尼亞，當時亞述屬於其中；二支派已歸回，十支派中有些人隨同而來。然而，「亞述」是刻意使用，最終指向十支派完全的未來復興，此尚未應驗
（耶 3:18）。
埃及——許多人在巴比倫之擄時逃往之處
（耶 41:17、18）。
關於未來的復興，參
賽 11:11、12、16，51:9-16
（「拉哈伯」即埃及）。
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13. great trumpet--image from the trumpets blown on the first day of the seventh month to summon the people to a holy convocation
(Le 23:24).
Antitypically, the gospel trumpet
(Re 11:15; 14:6)
which the Jews shall hearken to in the last days
(Zec 12:10; 13:1).
As the passover in the first month answers to Christ's crucifixion, so the day of atonement and the idea of "salvation" connected with the feast of tabernacles in the same seventh month, answer to the crowning of "redemption" at His second coming; therefore redemption is put last in
1Co 1:30.
Assyria--whither the ten tribes had been carried; Babylonia is mainly meant, to which Assyria at that time belonged; the two tribes were restored, and some of the ten accompanied them. However, "Assyria" is designedly used to point ultimately to the future restoration of the ten fully, never yet accomplished
(Jer 3:18).
Egypt--whither many had fled at the Babylonish captivity
(Jer 41:17, 18).
Compare as to the future restoration,
Isa 11:11, 12, 16; 51:9-16
("Rahab" being Egypt).
Isa 27:1-13.
第二十四、二十五、二十六章的延續。
當以色列得拯救、不敬虔的列國受罰之時，神也必懲罰教會的大仇敵。
1. sore——不如譯作「堅硬」、「鍛鍊精良」。
leviathan——字面在阿拉伯文中作「扭曲的動物」，適用於水中一切巨型棲居者——海蛇、鱷魚等。在
Eze 29:3; 32:2; Da 7:1, &c. Re 12:3,
&c. 中，敵對以色列的掌權者也有類似的描述；在本體意義上終極所指乃是撒但
(Re 20:10).
piercing——堅硬的 [LOWTH]。飛速的 [MAURER 與七十士譯本]。長而伸展的，如鱷魚不能輕易彎曲身軀 [HOUBIGANT]。
crooked——蜿蜒的。
dragon——希伯來文 tenin；鱷魚。
sea——幼發拉底河，或巴比倫附近其水域的擴展處。