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Jud 21:1-15.
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Jud 21:1-15.
THE PEOPLE BEWAIL THE DESOLATION OF ISRAEL.
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2-5. 百姓到了神的家……放声大哭——以色列人素来反复无常，这一点很快就显出来；因为他们那血腥复仇的烈焰方才冷却，便开始后悔，转向另一极端：因自己冲动之热心所造成的荒凉，而自责哀痛。胜利使他们忧伤谦卑。他们在神殿中举行公开庄严的赎罪之礼，借此表达当时的心情。然而这非常的举动虽使他们郁积之情得以宣泄，却不能给他们完全的解脱，因为他们受着一项宗教誓言之约束，更因加上对一切违誓者严厉的咒诅而加重。圣经先前并未记载这誓；但其要旨是：他们要像对待那当灭的迦南人一样，对待基比亚暴行的元凶；订立这严肃盟约，与他们在这件事上一贯草率的行径如出一辙。
영문 원문
2-5. the people came to the house of God, . . . and lifted up their voices, and wept sore--The characteristic fickleness of the Israelites was not long in being displayed; for scarcely had they cooled from the fierceness of their sanguinary vengeance, than they began to relent and rushed to the opposite extreme of self-accusation and grief at the desolation which their impetuous zeal had produced. Their victory saddened and humbled them. Their feelings on the occasion were expressed by a public and solemn service of expiation at the house of God. And yet this extraordinary observance, though it enabled them to find vent for their painful emotions, did not afford them full relief, for they were fettered by the obligation of a religious vow, heightened by the addition of a solemn anathema on every violator of the oath. There is no previous record of this oath; but the purport of it was, that they would treat the perpetrators of this Gibeah atrocity in the same way as the Canaanites, who were doomed to destruction; and the entering into this solemn league was of a piece with the rest of their inconsiderate conduct in this whole affair.
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6. 今日以色列中有一个支派被剪除了——即有灭绝之虞；因为如
士21:7
所示，他们已屠尽了便雅悯的一切妇孺，全支派只剩下六百男丁存活。十二支派名录中将出现这样的空白，国家布局中将出现这样的缺口，实在令人痛心难堪；必须立即采取措施防止这大灾祸。
영문 원문
6. There is one tribe cut off from Israel this day--that is, in danger of becoming extinct; for, as it appears from
Jud 21:7,
they had massacred all the women and children of Benjamin, and six hundred men alone survived of the whole tribe. The prospect of such a blank in the catalogue of the twelve tribes, such a gap in the national arrangements, was too painful to contemplate, and immediate measures must be taken to prevent this great catastrophe.
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8. 没有一个雅比人上到米斯巴的会中——这座城属河东玛拿西境内，约在约旦河东十五英里，按约瑟夫所言是基列的京城。会众在米斯巴所宣告的禁令，似乎使他们不得不惩治这城不参与讨伐便雅悯之役的居民；于是为弥补一件草率之举的后果，他们匆忙地又犯下另一桩惨案，虽然规模较小。但从
士21:11
可见，以色列人此举除了履行誓言，还有另一个目的：借此劫掠为便雅悯余民提供妻子。这显出以色列人在滥杀妇孺时的失控狂怒。
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8. there came none to the camp from Jabesh-gilead to the assembly--This city lay within the territory of eastern Manasseh, about fifteen miles east of the Jordan, and was, according to JOSEPHUS, the capital of Gilead. The ban which the assembled tribes had pronounced at Mizpeh seemed to impose on them the necessity of punishing its inhabitants for not joining the crusade against Benjamin; and thus, with a view of repairing the consequences of one rash proceeding, they hurriedly rushed to the perpetration of another, though a smaller tragedy. But it appears
(Jud 21:11)
that, besides acting in fulfilment of their oath, the Israelites had the additional object by this raid of supplying wives to the Benjamite remnant. This shows the intemperate fury of the Israelites in the indiscriminate slaughter of the women and children.
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Jud 21:16-21.
Jud 21:16-21.
长老商议为余剩的人如何寻找妻子。
16. 会众的长老说，我们当为剩下的人怎样办，使他们有妻呢——雅比基列的年轻女子虽被小心保留，但数目仍嫌不足，必须另谋他法。
영문 원문
Jud 21:16-21.
THE ELDERS CONSULT HOW TO FIND WIVES FOR THOSE THAT WERE LEFT.
16. the elders of the congregation said, How shall we do for wives for them that remain--Though the young women of Jabesh-gilead had been carefully spared, the supply was found inadequate, and some other expedient must be resorted to.
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17. 便雅悯逃脱的人当有产业——他们既是那地业的唯一合法主人，就必须为他们安排把地业传给合法的继承人；于是又策划了一桩新的暴力之举
（士21:19）；
其时机由临近的节期提供——这节期一般认为是住棚节。这节期与其他年度节期一样，在示罗举行，且其庆典比其他节期更为欢畅热闹。
영문 원문
17. There must be an inheritance for them that be escaped of Benjamin--As they were the only rightful owners of the territory, provision must be made for transmitting it to their legitimate heirs, and a new act of violence was meditated
(Jud 21:19);
the opportunity for which was afforded by the approaching festival--a feast generally supposed to be the feast of tabernacles. This, like the other annual feasts, was held in Shiloh, and its celebration was attended with more social hilarity and holiday rejoicings than the other feasts.
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19. 在从伯特利上示剑的大路东边——此地位置被如此确切地描述，显然是为便雅悯人指路。
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19. on the east side of the highway that goeth up from Beth-el to Shechem--The exact site of the place was described evidently for the direction of the Benjamites.
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21、22. 示罗的女子出来跳舞——舞蹈在古时是宗教仪式的一部分。它在节庆之时举行，至今在东方仍如此，不在城内，而在户外的田间，且女子自为一群。年轻女子独自欢跃，心情轻松无忧，毫无戒备，便使劫走她们的计谋易于得逞，这与罗马史上的掳夺萨宾女子一事颇为相似。长老们承担起安抚各家、使其接受女儿被强行掳走一事的责任。他们如此对这桩暴行公开表示认可，又再度显出以色列人在这危机中不幸的急躁草率，使他们陷入了何等的恶与困境。
영문 원문
21, 22. daughters of Shiloh come out to dance in dances--The dance was anciently a part of the religious observance. It was done on festive occasions, as it is still in the East, not in town, but in the open air, in some adjoining field, the women being by themselves. The young women being alone indulging their light and buoyant spirits, and apprehensive of no danger, facilitated the execution of the scheme of seizing them, which closely resembles the Sabine rape in Roman history. The elders undertook to reconcile the families to the forced abduction of their daughters. And thus the expression of their public sanction to this deed of violence afforded a new evidence of the evils and difficulties into which the unhappy precipitancy of the Israelites in this crisis had involved them.
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罗拔特·贾米森、A. R. 福赛特、大卫·布朗
《圣经全书批判与解释注释》（1871）
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Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
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Jud 21:1-15.
百姓为以色列的荒凉哀痛。