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Jer 41:1-18.
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Jer 41:1-18.
ISHMAEL MURDERS GEDALIAH AND OTHERS, THEN FLEES TO THE AMMONITES. JOHANAN PURSUES HIM, RECOVERS THE CAPTIVES, AND PURPOSES TO FLEE TO EGYPT FOR FEAR OF THE CHALDEANS.
1. seventh month--the second month after the burning of the city
(Jer 52:12, 13).
and the princes--not the nominative. And the princes came, for the "princes" are not mentioned either in
Jer 41:2
or in
2Ki 25:25:
but, "Ishmael being of the seed royal and of the princes of the king" [MAURER]. But the ten men were the "princes of the king"; thus MAURER'S objection has no weight: so English Version.
eat bread together--Ishmael murdered Gedaliah, by whom he was hospitably received, in violation of the sacred right of hospitality
(Ps 41:9).
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2. 殺了巴比倫王所立為省長的——這說明了他們殺他的原因，也顯示了他們罪行的嚴重
（Da 2:21； Ro 13:1）。
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2. slew him whom the king of Babylon had made governor--This assigns a reason for their slaying him, as well as showing the magnitude of their crime
(Da 2:21; Ro 13:1).
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3. 殺了眾猶太人——即基大利的隨從與臣僕；或作僅他身邊的軍人；譯作「就是（不是『和』，如《英文譯本》）軍人」。與基大利同在的大部分百姓，包括耶利米，以實瑪利都擄去了
（Jer 41:10, 16）。
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3. slew all the Jews--namely, the attendants and ministers of Gedaliah; or, the military alone, about his person; translate, "even (not 'and,' as English Version) the men of war." The main portion of the people with Gedaliah, including Jeremiah, Ishmael carried away captive
(Jer 41:10, 16).
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4. 無人知道——即米斯巴以外的人無人知道。謀殺的消息尚未傳開。
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4. no man knew it--that is, outside Mizpah. Before tidings of the murder had gone abroad.
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5. 鬍鬚剃了等——表明他們因聖殿與城邑的毀滅而深感悲痛。
用刀劃身——乃異教風俗，為律法所禁
(Le 19:27, 28； De 14:1)。
這些人多來自撒瑪利亞，在十支派被擄之前，該地已陷入異教的習俗之中。
素祭——無血的祭。他們未帶祭牲，只帶「乳香」等物，以表明其敬虔。
耶和華的……殿——即耶和華的殿原所在之處
(2Ki 25:9)。
凡殿宇曾經立之處，即使已遭毀壞，仍被視為聖地〔PAPINIAN〕。那些「從示羅來」的人，自然會尋求耶和華的殿，因為耶和華的殿最初正是設立在示羅
(Jos 18:1)。
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5. beards shaven, &c.--indicating their deep sorrow at the destruction of the temple and city.
cut themselves--a heathen custom, forbidden
(Le 19:27, 28; De 14:1).
These men were mostly from Samaria, where the ten tribes, previous to their deportation, had fallen into heathen practices.
offerings--unbloody. They do not bring sacrificial victims, but "incense," &c., to testify their piety.
house of . . . Lord--that is, the place where the house of the Lord had stood
(2Ki 25:9).
The place in which a temple had stood, even when it had been destroyed, was held sacred [PAPINIAN]. Those "from Shiloh" would naturally seek the house of the Lord, since it was at Shiloh it originally was set up
(Jos 18:1).
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6. 哀哭——假裝哀哭，一如他們所行，為聖殿的毀滅而哭。
來見基大利——裝作彷彿他是基大利隨從中的一員。
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6. weeping--pretending to weep, as they did, for the ruin of the temple.
Come to Gedaliah--as if he was one of Gedaliah's retinue.
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7. 將他們丟在……坑中——他並非在坑中殺了他們（參
Jer 41:9)；
因此這些字是英文譯本（English Version）正確補上的。
那坑——即亞撒為防備巴沙前來圍城時缺水，而挖作的坑或水池
(Jer 41:9； 1Ki 15:22)。
即城周圍的護城溝〔GROTIUS〕。
以實瑪利殺人的動機，似乎是懷疑他們前來是要歸附基大利生活。
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7. and cast them into . . . pit--He had not killed them in the pit (compare
Jer 41:9);
these words are therefore rightly supplied in English Version.
the pit--the pit or cistern made by Asa to guard against a want of water when Baasha was about to besiege the city
(Jer 41:9; 1Ki 15:22).
The trench or fosse round the city [GROTIUS]. Ishmael's motive for the murder seems to have been a suspicion that they were coming to live under Gedaliah.
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8. 寶物——在動亂時期，將糧食藏在地下的洞穴中乃是慣例。「我們有寶物」，若我們的性命得以保全，我們願意獻上。
沒有……殺——（Pr 13:8）。以實瑪利的貪婪和需要勝過了他的殘忍。
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8. treasures--It was customary to hide grain in cavities underground in troubled times. "We have treasures," which we will give, if our lives be spared.
slew . . . not--
(Pr 13:8).
Ishmael's avarice and needs overcame his cruelty.
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9. 因為基大利——更當譯作「在基大利旁」，即那些從撒瑪利亞往耶路撒冷途中被以實瑪利截殺、死在米斯巴——即基大利所居住之處——的人。照樣，2Ch 17:15 的「次」；Ne 3:2《邊註》，字面如本處作「在他手邊」。「在基大利執政的時候」〔CALVIN〕。然而，《英文欽定本》亦給出好的意思：以實瑪利殺他們的理由，是因為他以為他們與基大有牽連。
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9. because of Gedaliah--rather, "near Gedaliah," namely, those intercepted by Ishmael on their way from Samaria to Jerusalem and killed at Mizpah, where Gedaliah had lived. So
2Ch 17:15,
"next";
Ne 3:2,
Margin, literally, as here, "at his hand." "In the reign of Gedaliah" [CALVIN]. However, English Version gives a good sense: Ishmael's reason for killing them was because of his supposing them to be connected with Gedaliah.
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10. 眾公主——（Jer 43:6）。即西底家的女兒。以實瑪利除了起初與他同行的人（Jer 41:1）之外，必又得了新的附從者（為貪利而來），以致能擄走百姓中所有剩下的人。他大概打算將他們賣給亞捫人為奴（見 Jer 40:14 註解）。
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10. the king's daughters--
(Jer 43:6).
Zedekiah's. Ishmael must have got additional followers (whom the hope of gain attracted), besides those who originally set out with him
(Jer 41:1),
so as to have been able to carry off all the residue of the people. He probably meant to sell them as slaves to the Ammonites (see on
Jer 40:14).
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11. 約哈難——基大利的朋友，他曾警告基大有關以實瑪利的背叛，卻徒然（Jer 40:8、13）。
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11. Johanan--the friend of Gedaliah who had warned him of Ishmael's treachery, but in vain
(Jer 40:8, 13).
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12. 水——
(2Sa 2:13)；
即一個大水庫或湖。
在基遍——在從米斯巴到亞捫的路上：是便雅憫的祭司城之一，位於耶路撒冷西北四英里，即今之埃利吉布（Eljib）。
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12. the . . . waters--
(2Sa 2:13);
a large reservoir or lake.
in Gibeon--on the road from Mizpah to Ammon: one of the sacerdotal cities of Benjamin, four miles northwest of Jerusalem, now Eljib.
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13. 歡喜——因有從被擄中得釋放的指望而歡喜。
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13. glad--at the prospect of having a deliverer from their captivity.
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14. 轉身——即回轉過來。
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14. cast about--came round.
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16. 兵丁——
Jer 41:3
所說被以實瑪利所殺的「兵丁」，必是指基大利左右的軍人；此處的「兵丁」則是指不在其左右的人。
太監——猶大列王從周圍異邦學來了擁有後宮和太監的惡習。
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16. men of war--"The men of war," stated in
Jer 41:3
to have been slain by Ishmael, must refer to the military about Gedaliah's person; "the men of war" here to those not so.
eunuchs--The kings of Judah had adopted the bad practice of having harems and eunuchs from the surrounding heathen kingdoms.
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17. 住下——暫居一時，直至他們預備妥當啟程前往埃及（耶四十二1-22）。
基別的住處——靠近伯利恆的「商旅驛站」。大衛為報答巴西萊的忠誠，將其子基別收於庇護之下，並把自己在伯利恆的產業轉讓給他。此地因而稱為基別的住處（Geruth-Chimham），惟到了禧年仍歸還大衛的後嗣。「商旅驛站」（Caravanserais，一複合的波斯語詞彙，意為「旅客結伴歇宿之所」）與我們的旅店不同，並無店主供應飲食，每位旅客必須自備糧食。
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17. dwelt--for a time, until they were ready for their journey to Egypt
(Jer 42:1-22).
habitation to Chimham--his "caravanserai" close by Beth-lehem. David, in reward for Barzillai's loyalty, took Chimham his son under his patronage, and made over to him his own patrimony in the land of Beth-lehem. It was thence called the habitation of Chimham (Geruth-Chimham), though it reverted to David's heirs in the year of jubilee. "Caravanserais" (a compound Persian word, meaning "the house of a company of travellers") differ from our inns, in that there is no host to supply food, but each traveller must carry with him his own.
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18. 懼怕——恐怕迦勒底人懷疑全體猶太人都參與了以實瑪利的叛逆，以為猶太人想要擁立一位大衛家的君王（耶四十一1）。
他們要得神恩惠的更好方法，本應將責任歸於真凶，並洗刷自己的清白。曲的策略是恐懼之源，唯有公義能啟發膽量
（詩五十三5；箴二十八1）。
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18. afraid--lest the Chaldeans should suspect all the Jews of being implicated in Ishmael's treason, as though the Jews sought to have a prince of the house of David
(Jer 41:1).
Their better way towards gaining God's favor would have been to have laid the blame on the real culprit, and to have cleared themselves. A tortuous policy is the parent of fear. Righteousness inspires with boldness
(Ps 53:5; Pr 28:1).
Jer 41:1-18.
以實瑪利謀殺基大利與其他人，隨後逃往亞捫人那裏。約哈難追趕他，救回俘虜，並因懼怕迦勒底人而打算逃往埃及
1. 第七月——即城被焚後第二個月
（Jer 52:12, 13）。
和眾首領——並非主格。「眾首領也來了」之說不成立，因「首領」既未見於
Jer 41:2，
也未見於
2Ki 25:25：
而是「以實瑪利既是王裔，也是王的眾首領之一」〔MAURER〕。但那十個人就是「王的眾首領」；因此 MAURER 的反對沒有分量：故《英文譯本》如此。
一同吃飯——以實瑪利謀殺了殷勤接待他的基大利，違反了神聖的待客之禮
（Ps 41:9）。