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"Out of the eater comes forth meat." It was upon occasion of the terrible judgment inflicted on Israel for the sin of David that God gave intimation of the setting up of another altar, and of the place where he would have the temple to be built, upon which David was excited with great vigour to make preparation for that great work, wherein, though he had long since designed it, it should seem, he had, of late, grown remiss, till awakened by the alarm of that judgment. The tokens of God's favour he received after those of his displeasure, I. Directed him to the place, 1Ch 22:1. II. Encouraged and quickened him to the work. 1. He set himself to prepare for the building, 1Ch 22:2-5. 2. He instructed Solomon, and gave him a charge concerning this work, 1Ch 22:6-16. 3. He commanded the princes to assist him in it, 1Ch 22:17-19. There is a great deal of difference between the frame of David's spirit in the beginning of the former chapter and in the beginning of this. There, in the pride of his heart, he was numbering the people; here, in his humility, preparing for the service of God. There corruption was uppermost (but the well of living water in the soul, though it may be muddied, will work itself clear again); grace here has recovered the upper hand.
1-5
Preparations for the Temple (1017 BC)
繁體中文
建殿的預備（主前 1017 年）
¹ 大衛說：「這就是耶和華神的殿，這就是為以色列獻燔祭的壇。」 ² 大衛吩咐人聚集住以色列地的外人，又派石匠鑿出開鑿的石頭，用以建造神的殿。 ³ 大衛又預備許多鐵，作為門扇上的釘子和鉤子；又預備許多銅，多得無法可稱； ⁴ 又預備許多香柏木；因為西頓人和推羅人給大衛運了許多香柏木來。 ⁵ 大衛說：「我兒子所羅門還年幼嬌嫩，要為耶和華建造的殿宇必須宏大輝煌，名聲榮耀傳遍萬國；所以我要為殿預備材料。」於是大衛在未死之先，預備的材料甚多。
此處我們看到：
一、建造聖殿的地點被定了下來（代上二十二1）：「大衛說」，這是出於神的默示，也是宣告他的心意，「這就是耶和華神的殿。」若要為神建造聖殿，就當讓他自己選擇地點，因為全地都是他的；而這就是他所揀選之地──屬於一個耶布斯人的地業，也許在耶路撒冷城內外再沒有一塊地是如此──這是福音聖殿將在外邦人中設立的美好預表。參徒十五16、17。這塊地是一座禾場；因為活神的教會就是他的場，他的打穀場，「他禾場上的穀」（賽二十一10）。基督的簸箕在他手中，要徹底揚淨他的場。這裏要作神的殿，因為這裏就是祭壇。聖殿是為祭壇而建的。在聖殿之前，早已有祭壇。
二、為那殿所作的預備。大衛雖然不能建造它，卻願為它盡己所能：「他在未死之先，預備的材料甚多」（代上二十二5）。這表明他想到自己的年紀和日益衰弱，便知道死期將至，因此在他末後的日子更加殷勤地作這項預備。我們的手若找到為神、為自己的靈魂、為自己的世代當作的工，就當趁未死之前盡全力去作，因為死後「無謀算，無工作」。如今我們在此讀到，
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甚麼促使他作如此預備。他考慮了兩件事：（1）所羅門年幼嬌嫩，起初未必能以極大的精力投入這事；所以，若非有人替他把輪子推動起來，他起頭便有喪失大量時間的危險──更何況他年紀尚輕，容易受試探而拖延；但如果他發現材料已經齊備在手，工程最艱難的部分便已過去，這會激發並鼓勵他在即位之初便著手進行。請注意，年長而有經驗的人當體恤那些年幼嬌嫩的人，盡力為他們提供幫助，使他們在神的工作上盡可能輕省。（2）這殿必須極其宏偉輝煌，十分莊嚴華美，堅固而美麗，各方面都是同類中最佳的──這有充足的理由，因為這殿是為全地之主、偉大的神之尊榮而設計的，又是基督的預表，在他裏面居住著一切的豐盛，在他裏面藏著一切寶藏。在那時代人仍要藉可感知的方式受教。殿的宏偉有助於使敬拜者對神生發聖潔的敬畏和崇敬，並會吸引外邦人來觀看，視之為世界奇觀，他們因此而得以認識真神。所以這殿在此被設計為名聲榮耀傳遍萬國。大衛預言了殿的宏偉所產生的這個良好效果（詩六十八29）：「因你耶路撒冷的殿，列王必帶貢物獻給你。」
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他作了甚麼預備。總括而言，他「預備的材料甚多」，這點我們將在後文看到；此處具體提到香柏木和石頭、鐵和銅（代上二十二2-4）。香柏木是從推羅人和西頓人那裏得來的。「推羅的民必來送禮」（詩四十五12）。他又招聚了工匠，就是「住以色列地的外人」。有人認為他僱用他們，是因為他們通常比以色列人更善於手藝，在手工操作上更為靈巧；或者更恰當地說，是因為他不願使生而自由的以色列人從事任何看似卑微和奴役的工作。他們從前已脫離了在埃及作磚的苦役，決不可再去鑿石頭。這些外人歸信了猶太信仰，但雖然不被奴役，他們的尊嚴卻不如以色列人。
영문 원문
Preparations for the Temple (1017 BC)
¹ Then David said, This is the house of the LORD God, and this is the altar of the burnt offering for Israel.
² And David commanded to gather together the strangers that were in the land of Israel; and he set masons to hew wrought stones to build the house of God.
³ And David prepared iron in abundance for the nails for the doors of the gates, and for the joinings; and brass in abundance without weight;
⁴ Also cedar trees in abundance: for the Zidonians and they of Tyre brought much cedar wood to David.
⁵ And David said, Solomon my son is young and tender, and the house that is to be builded for the LORD must be exceeding magnifical, of fame and of glory throughout all countries: I will therefore now make preparation for it. So David prepared abundantly before his death.
Here is, I. The place fixed for the building of the temple (1Ch 22:1): Then David said, by inspiration of God, and as a declaration of his mind, This is the house of the Lord God. If a temple must be built for God, it is fit that it be left to him to choose the ground, for all the earth is his; and this is the ground he makes choice of-ground that pertained to a Jebusite, and perhaps there was not a spot of ground besides, in or about Jerusalem, that did so—a happy presage of the setting up of the gospel temple among the Gentiles. See Ac 15:16,17. The ground was a threshing-floor; for the church of the living God is his floor, his threshing, and the corn of his floor, Isa 21:10. Christ's fan is in his hand, thoroughly to purge his floor. This is to be the house because this is the altar. The temple was built for the sake of the altar. There were altars long before there were temples.
II. Preparation made for that building. David must not build it, but he would do all he could towards it: He prepared abundantly before his death, 1Ch 22:5. This intimates that the consideration of his age and growing infirmities, which showed him his death approaching, quickened him, towards his latter end, to be very diligent in making this preparation. What our hands find to do for God, and our souls, and our generation, let us do it with all our might before our death, because, after death, there is no device nor working. Now we are here told,
1. What induced him to make such preparation. Two things he considered:—(1.) That Solomon was young and tender, and not likely to apply with any great vigour to this business at first; so that, unless he found the wheels set a-going, he would be in danger of losing a great deal of time at first, the rather because, being young, he would be tempted to put it off; whereas, if he found the materials got ready to his hand, the most difficult part of the work would be over, and this would excite and encourage him to go about it in the beginnings of his reign. Note, Those that are aged and experienced should consider those that are young and tender, and provide them what help they can, that they may make the work of God as easy to them as possible. (2.) That the house must be exceedingly magnificent, very stately and sumptuous, strong and beautiful, every thing about it the best in its kind, and for a good reason, since it was intended for the honour of the great God, the Lord of the whole earth, and was to be a type of Christ, in whom all fulness dwells and in whom are hid all treasures. Men were then to be taught by sensible methods. The grandeur of the house would help to affect the worshippers with a holy awe and reverence of God, and would invite strangers to come to see it, and the wonder of the world, who thereby would be brought acquainted with the true God. Therefore it is here designed to be of fame and glory throughout all countries. David foretold this good effect of its being magnificent, Ps 68:29 Because of thy temple at Jerusalem shall kings bring presents unto thee.
2. What preparation he made. In general, he prepared abundantly, as we shall find afterwards; cedar and stones, iron and brass, are here specified, 1Ch 22:2-4. Cedar he had from the Tyrians and the Zidonians. The daughter of Tyre shall be there with a gift, Ps 45:12. He also got workmen together, the strangers that were in the land of Israel. Some think that he employed them because they were generally better artists, and more ingenious in manual operations, than the Israelites; or, rather, because he would not employ the free-born Israelites in any thing that looked mean and servile. They were delivered from the bondage of making bricks in Egypt, and must not return to hew stone. These strangers were proselytes to the Jewish religion, but, though not enslaved, they were not of equal dignity with Israelites.
6-16
The Charge to Solomon (1015 BC)
繁體中文
對所羅門的囑咐（主前 1015 年）
⁶ 大衛召了他兒子所羅門來，囑咐他為耶和華─以色列的神建造殿宇。 ⁷ 大衛對所羅門說：「我兒，我心裏本想為耶和華─我神的名建造殿宇； ⁸ 耶和華的話臨到我說：你流了許多人的血，打了許多次大仗；你不可為我的名建造殿宇，因為你在我眼前使地上流了許多人的血。 ⁹ 看哪，你要生一個兒子，他是個太平的人；我必使他四圍太平，不被仇敵擾亂；他的名字要叫所羅門，他在位的日子，我必使以色列人平安康泰。 ¹⁰ 他必為我的名建造殿宇，他要作我的子，我要作他的父；我必在以色列中堅定他國的寶座，直到永遠。 ¹¹ 我兒啊，如今願耶和華與你同在，使你亨通，照他所論及你的話，建造耶和華─你神的殿。 ¹² 但願耶和華賜你聰明智慧，好治理以色列，使你遵守耶和華─你神的律法。 ¹³ 你若謹守遵行耶和華藉摩西吩咐以色列的律例典章，就必亨通；你當剛強壯膽，不要懼怕，也不要驚惶。 ¹⁴ 我在困難之中為耶和華的殿預備了金子十萬他連得，銀子一百萬他連得；銅鐵多得無法可稱；我也預備了木頭石頭，你還可以增添。 ¹⁵ 你那裏也有許多的工匠，就是鑿石頭的、砍木頭的，和各樣善作各樣工的巧匠， ¹⁶ 金、銀、銅、鐵多得無數。你當起來行事，願耶和華與你同在。」
所羅門雖然年幼嬌嫩，卻已經能領受教誨；他的父親便就著他被指定去作的工給了他合宜的囑咐。大衛登基之時有許多事要作，因為根基全都亂了；但所羅門只受託一件事，就是「為耶和華─以色列的神建造殿宇」（代上二十二6）。如今，
一、大衛告訴他，為何自己沒有親自建造。他本有意如此行（代上二十二7），但神禁止了他，因為他「流了許多人的血」（代上二十二8）。有人認為這是指烏利亞的血，那件事使他的名聲蒙上了如此大的污點，以致他不配建造聖殿的尊榮；但這尊榮在他流那血之前便已被禁止了；所以這裏所指的，乃是此處所解釋的──他在爭戰中所流的血（因為他從年少時就是個戰士）；這血雖然是為事奉神和以色列而流，極其公義、極有尊榮，卻使他不宜擔任這項事奉，或者更恰當地說，比另一個從未被召去作這等流血之工的人，更不適合。神以這個理由將大衛排除在這項工作之外，顯明了人的性命在他眼中何等寶貴，並且也是要作一個預表──那建造福音聖殿的，不是藉著「滅人的性命」，而是藉著「救人的性命」（路九56）。
二、他告訴他，為何將這任務交給他。1. 因為神已經為他設計了此事，提名他為當作這事的人：「你要生一個兒子」，要名叫所羅門，「他必為我的名建造殿宇」（代上二十二9、10）。沒有甚麼比知道我們為此被指定，更能有力地激發並鼓勵我們去為神作任何服事。2. 因為他將有閒暇和機會去作。他必是個太平的人，因此他的時間、心思和財富不致從這件事上分散。他在國外必有太平，沒有仇敵來侵犯、威脅或挑釁他，在國內也必有平安和寧靜；所以當讓他建造聖殿。請注意，神賜下安息之處，他期望那裏有工作。3. 因為神已應許堅定他的國。願這激勵他尊榮神──神已經為他存留了尊榮；讓他建造神的殿，神也必建造他的寶座。請注意，神恩典的應許當激發並加強我們敬虔的服事。
三、他向他交代了為這項建造所作的龐大預備（代上二十二14），不是出於驕傲和虛榮（他論到此如同微不足道的小事──旁註作「我在貧困中預備」），而是作為對所羅門的鼓勵，要他踴躍投入這工，因為已有如此穩固的根基立定。此處所記的金十萬他連得、銀一百萬他連得的寶物，數目之大幾乎難以置信，以致大多數解經家或認為抄本有誤，或認為此處的「他連得」不過是指一塊或一片金銀：我們稱之為金條銀錠。我傾向於認為此處是以一個確定的數目表示不確定的數量，因為經上說（代上二十二16）金銀和銅鐵一樣，「多得無數」；又因為大衛在此包括了所有分別為聖之物（代上十八11），他定意將這些「為耶和華的殿」而用──不僅是為建造它，也是為充實它的府庫；將這一切合在一起，大概與此處所說的數目相近。百和千是我們常用的數字，用以表示很大的數量，但我們並不願被人嚴格按字面理解。
四、他囑咐他要守神的誡命，並在凡事上留心自己的本分（代上二十二13）。他不可妄想藉建造聖殿來換取犯罪的許可；不，恰恰相反，他若不「謹守遵行耶和華藉摩西所吩咐的」（代上二十二13），這殿便不被悅納、不被記念。他雖然要作以色列的王，卻必須時刻記得自己是以色列神的臣民。
五、他鼓勵他著手這項大工，並在其中持續前進（代上二十二13）：「你當剛強壯膽。這雖是個浩大的工程，你卻不必懼怕那愚拙建造者的羞辱──開了工卻不能完工；這是神的工，必將達到完美。不要懼怕，也不要驚惶。」在我們屬靈的工作中，正如在屬靈的爭戰中一樣，我們都需要勇氣和決心。
六、他激發他不可安於已有的預備，還要繼續增添（代上二十二14）。凡繼承別人勞碌之工、在別人已有的基礎上建造的人，仍當繼續改良。
七、他為他禱告：「但願耶和華賜你聰明智慧，好治理以色列」（代上二十二12）。無論我們受託的是甚麼，我們若看見神將這職分交給我們、呼召我們承擔，便可指望他賜我們履行職分的智慧。也許所羅門後來為自己所獻的禱告──「主啊，賜我智慧聰明的心」──正是想到他父親為他所獻的這個禱告。他在結語中說（代上二十二16）：「你當起來行事，願耶和華與你同在。」對神同在的盼望不可使我們懈怠。耶和華雖與我們同在，我們仍當「起來行事」；我們若如此行，便有理由相信他是、也必與我們同在。當恐懼戰兢，作成你們得救的工夫；因為是神在你們心裏運行。
영문 원문
The Charge to Solomon (1015 BC)
⁶ Then he called for Solomon his son, and charged him to build a house for the LORD God of Israel.
⁷ And David said to Solomon, My son, as for me, it was in my mind to build a house unto the name of the LORD my God:
⁸ But the word of the LORD came to me, saying, Thou hast shed blood abundantly, and hast made great wars: thou shalt not build a house unto my name, because thou hast shed much blood upon the earth in my sight.
⁹ Behold, a son shall be born to thee, who shall be a man of rest; and I will give him rest from all his enemies round about: for his name shall be Solomon, and I will give peace and quietness unto Israel in his days.
¹⁰ He shall build a house for my name; and he shall be my son, and I will be his father; and I will establish the throne of his kingdom over Israel for ever.
¹¹ Now, my son, the LORD be with thee; and prosper thou, and build the house of the LORD thy God, as he hath said of thee.
¹² Only the LORD give thee wisdom and understanding, and give thee charge concerning Israel, that thou mayest keep the law of the LORD thy God.
¹³ Then shalt thou prosper, if thou takest heed to fulfil the statutes and judgments which the LORD charged Moses with concerning Israel: be strong, and of good courage; dread not, nor be dismayed.
¹⁴ Now, behold, in my trouble I have prepared for the house of the LORD a hundred thousand talents of gold, and a thousand thousand talents of silver; and of brass and iron without weight; for it is in abundance: timber also and stone have I prepared; and thou mayest add thereto.
¹⁵ Moreover there are workmen with thee in abundance, hewers and workers of stone and timber, and all manner of cunning men for every manner of work.
¹⁶ Of the gold, the silver, and the brass, and the iron, there is no number. Arise therefore, and be doing, and the LORD be with thee.
Though Solomon was young and tender, he was capable of receiving instructions, which his father accordingly gave him, concerning the work for which he was designed. When David came to the throne he had many things to do, for the foundations were all out of course; but Solomon had only one thing in charge, and that was to build a house for the Lord God of Israel, 1Ch 22:6. Now,
I. David tells him why he did not do it himself. It was in his mind to do it (1Ch 22:7), but God forbade him, because he had shed much blood, 1Ch 22:8. Some think this refers to the blood of Uriah, which fastened such a reproach upon him as rendered him unworthy the honour of building the temple: but that honour was forbidden him before he had shed that blood; therefore it must be meant, as it is here explained, of the blood he shed in his wars (for he had been a man of war from his youth), which, though shed very justly and honourably in the service of God and Israel, yet made him unfit to be employed in this service, or rather less fit than another that had never been called to such bloody work. God, by assigning this as the reason of laying David aside from this work, showed how precious human life is to him, and intended a type of him who should build the gospel temple, not by destroying men's lives, but by saving them, Lu 9:56.
II. He gives him the reason why he imposed this task upon him. 1. Because God had designed him for it, nominated him as the man that should do it: A son shall be born to thee, that shall be called Solomon, and he shall build a house for my name, 1Ch 22:9,10. Nothing is more powerful to engage us to any service for God, and encourage us in it, than to know that hereunto we are appointed. 2. Because he would have leisure and opportunity to do it. He should be a man of rest, and therefore should not have his time, or thoughts, or wealth, diverted from this business. He should have rest from his enemies abroad (none of them should invade or threaten him, or give him provocation), and he should have peace and quietness at home; and therefore let him build the house. Note, Where God gives rest he expects work. 3. Because God had promised to establish his kingdom. Let this encourage him to honour God, that God had honour in store for him; let him build up God's house, and God will build up his throne. Note, God's gracious promises should quicken and invigorate our religious service.
III. He delivers him an account of the vast preparations he had made for this building (1Ch 22:14), not in a way of pride and vain glory (he speaks of it as a poor thing—I have, in my poverty, prepared, margin), but as an encouragement to Solomon to engage cheerfully in the work, for which so solid a foundation was laid. The treasure here mentioned of the 100,000 talents of gold, and 1,000,000 talents of silver, amounts to such an incredible sum that most interpreters either allow an error in the copy or think the talent here signifies no more than a plate or piece: ingots we call them. I am inclined to suppose that a certain number is here put for an uncertain, because it is said (1Ch 22:16) that of the gold and silver, as well as of the brass and iron, there was no number, and that David here includes all the dedicated things (1Ch 18:11) which he designed for the house of the Lord, that is, not only for the building of it, but for the treasure of it; and putting all together, it might come pretty near what is here spoken of. Hundreds and thousands are numbers which we often use to express that which is very much, when yet we would not be understood strictly.
IV. He charges them to keep God's commandments and to take heed to his duty in every thing, 1Ch 22:13. He must not think by building the temple to purchase a dispensation to sin; no, on the contrary, his doing that would not be accepted, nor accounted of, if he did not take heed to fulfil the statutes which the Lord charged Moses with, 1Ch 22:13. Though he was to be king of Israel, he must always remember that he was a subject to the God of Israel.
V. He encourages him to go about this great work, and to go on in it (1Ch 22:13): "Be strong, and of good courage, Though it is a vast undertaking, thou needest not fear coming under the reproach of the foolish builder, who began to build and was not able to finish it; it is God's work, and it shall come to perfection. Dread not, nor be dismayed." In our spiritual work, as well as in our spiritual warfare, we have need of courage and resolution.
VI. He quickens him not to rest in the preparations he had made, but to add thereto, 1Ch 22:14. Those that enter into the labours of others, and build upon their advantages, must still be improving.
VII. He prays for him: The Lord give thee wisdom and understanding, and give thee charge concerning Israel, 1Ch 22:12. Whatever charge we have, if we see God giving us the charge and calling us to it, we may hope he will give us wisdom for the discharge of it. Perhaps Solomon had an eye to this prayer of his father for him, in the prayer he offered for himself: Lord, give me a wise and understanding heart. He concludes (1Ch 22:16), Up, and be doing, and the Lord be with thee. Hope of God's presence must not slacken our endeavours. Though the Lord be with us, we must rise and be doing, and, if we do this, we have reason to believe he is and will be with us. Work out your salvation, and God will work in you.
17-19
The Charge to the Princes of Israel (1015 BC)
繁體中文
對以色列眾首領的囑咐（主前 1015 年）
¹⁷ 大衛又吩咐以色列的眾首領幫助他兒子所羅門，說：* ¹⁸ 「耶和華你們的神不是與你們同在嗎？他不是叫你們四圍都平安嗎？因他已將這地的居民交在我手中；這地就在耶和華和他百姓面前被制伏了。* ¹⁹ 現在你們應當立定心意，尋求耶和華你們的神；你們也當起來，建造耶和華神的聖所，好將耶和華的約櫃和神的聖器皿，搬進為耶和華的名建造的殿裡。」*
大衛在此呼籲以色列的眾首領協助所羅門作他所要作的那項大工，各人盡自己的力量推進這項工程。在位的人若沒有身邊的人與他們同心，就不能成就他們所願意的善。因此大衛要眾首領輔助所羅門、激勵他，並各盡其職使這工程更為輕省。
1. 他向他們指出，他們對這件事當熱心，乃是出於感恩的本分——因神為他們行了大事。神已賜他們得勝、平安，並將這美好之地賜為產業，代上二十二18。神為我們作的越多，我們越當竭力為他而作。
2. 他敦促他們當熱心去作那當作的事（代上二十二19）：「你們應當立定心意，尋求耶和華你們的神」——將你們的幸福寄託於他的恩惠，定睛於他的榮耀。要以他為你們的至善和最高的目標來尋求他，並且是「立定心意」地尋求。要將信仰作為你們的揀選和事業；這樣，你們就不會為著建造他的聖所而吝惜任何辛勞或費用。只要心是真誠為神的，頭腦和雙手、產業和影響力，以及一切所有的，都必甘心樂意地為他所用。
영문 원문
The Charge to the Princes of Israel (1015 BC)
¹⁷ David also commanded all the princes of Israel to help Solomon his son, saying,
¹⁸ Is not the LORD your God with you? and hath he not given you rest on every side? for he hath given the inhabitants of the land into mine hand; and the land is subdued before the LORD, and before his people.
¹⁹ Now set your heart and your soul to seek the LORD your God; arise therefore, and build ye the sanctuary of the LORD God, to bring the ark of the covenant of the LORD, and the holy vessels of God, into the house that is to be built to the name of the LORD.
David here engages the princes of Israel to assist Solomon in the great work he had to do, and every one to lend him a hand towards the carrying of it on. Those that are in the throne cannot do the good they would, unless those about the throne set in with them. David would therefore have the princes to advise Solomon and quicken him, and make the work as easy to him as they could, by promoting it every one in his place. 1. He shows them what obligations they lay under to be zealous in this matter, in gratitude to God for the great things he had done for them. He had given them victory, and rest, and a good land for an inheritance, 1Ch 22:18. The more God has done for us the more we should study to do for him. 2. He presses that upon them which should make them zealous in it (1Ch 22:19): "Set your heart and soul to seek God, place your happiness in his favour, and keep your eye upon his glory. Seek him as your chief good and highest end, and this with your heart and soul. Make religion your choice and business; and then you will grudge no pains nor cost to promote the building of his sanctuary." Let but the heart be sincerely engaged for God, and the head and hand, the estate and interest, and all will be cheerfully employed for him.
「喫的人從中拿出食物來。」正是因以色列因大衛的罪受了可怕的審判，神才啟示了另一座壇的設立，以及祂要建造聖殿的地點；這啟示激發大衛以極大的熱忱為這件大事工作而預備—他早就有此心意，看來近來卻漸漸懈怠了，直到被那審判的警報所喚醒。他在經歷了神不悅的記號之後，又受了神恩寵的記號，這恩寵的記號：一、指示了他那個地點（代上二十二1）。二、鼓勵並激發他去作這工作：1. 他親自著手為建造作預備（代上二十二2–5）。2. 他教導所羅門，並就這工作向他作了囑咐（代上二十二6–16）。3. 他吩咐眾首領在這事上協助他（代上二十二17–19）。大衛的心境在前一章開頭與本章開頭大不相同。在那裏，他心高氣傲，正在數點百姓；在這裏，他心存謙卑，正在為事奉神作預備。在那裏，敗壞佔了上風（但靈魂中那活水的井雖然被攪渾了，至終仍會自己澄清過來）；在這裏，恩典已重新得著上風。