서론
제목 없음
日本語
영문 원문
An account was given of the porch of the house in the close of the foregoing chapter; this brings us to the temple itself, the description of which here given creates much difficulty to the critical expositors and occasions differences among them. Those must consult them who are nice in their enquiries into the meaning of the particulars of this delineation; it shall suffice us to observe, I. The dimensions of the house, the posts of it (Eze 41:1), the door (Eze 41:2), the wall and the side-chambers (Eze 41:5,6), the foundations and wall of the chambers, their doors (Eze 41:8-11), and the house itself, Eze 41:13. II. The dimensions of the oracle, or most holy place, Eze 41:3,4. III. An account of another building over against the separate place, Eze 41:12-15. IV. The manner of the building of the house, Eze 41:7,16,17. V. The ornaments of the house, Eze 41:18-20. VI. The altar of incense and the table, Eze 41:22. VII. The doors between the temple and the oracle, Eze 41:23-26. There is so much difference both in the terms and in the rules of architecture between one age and another, one place and another, that it ought not to be any stumbling-block to us that there is so much in these descriptions dark and hard to be understood, about the meaning of which the learned are not agreed. To one not skilled in mathematics the mathematical description of a modern structure would be scarcely intelligible; and yet to a common carpenter or mason among the Jews at that time we may suppose that all this, in the literal sense of it, was easy enough.
1-11
The Vision of the Temple (574 BC)
日本語
宮の幻（紀元前574年）
1 そののち、彼はわたしを宮に連れて行き、柱を量った。片側は幅六尺、他の側も幅六尺で、これは幕屋の幅であった。
2 とびらの幅は十尺、とびらの側壁は片側五尺、他の側も五尺であった。彼はその長さ四十尺、幅二十尺を量った。
3 彼は内に入り、とびらの柱二尺、とびら六尺、とびらの幅七尺を量った。
4 彼はその長さ二十尺、幅二十尺を量った。宮の前である。彼はわたしに言った、「これは至聖所である」。
5 彼は宮の壁を量った。厚さ六尺。また周囲の側室は各幅四尺であった。
6 側室は三階で、一つは他の上にあり、三十部屋が順序あって並んでいた。側室は宮の壁に入り込んでいたが、宮の壁には固定されていなかった。
7 側室は上に行くほど広くなり、宮の周りに回り階段があって上に向かっていた。それゆえ宮は上に行くほど広くなり、最下の部屋から中間を経て最上の部屋へと増し加わった。
8 わたしは宮の周囲の高さも見た。側室の土台は大尺六尺の測りなわ一杯であった。
9 側室の外側の壁は厚さ五尺であった。残された所は内側の側室の場所であった。
10 側室の間には、宮の周囲の四方に幅二十尺の空き地があった。
11 側室のとびらは残された所に向かっていた。北に一つのとびら、南に一つのとびら。残された所の幅は周囲五尺であった。
われわしは御使の導きの下にある預言者に従っている。そこで畏れをもって従うが、これが何であり、われわしに何であるかを知ることにしばしば困惑する。
一、預言者は庭を観察した後、ついに「宮に連れて行かれた」（エゼ 41:1）。もしわれわしが宗教のより明らかな部分で与えられる教えに勤勉に従い、それによって益を得るなら、神の国の奥義を知るよう導かれる。神の庭に住むことを願う者は、ついに神の宮に導かれる。エゼキエル自身は祭司であったが、時の不義と災いによって、宮で奉仕する生まれながらの権利を奪われていた。しかし神は彼をこの預言的で福音的で天の宮に導き、永遠の福音の宮の描写に携わる务めを彼に与えて、その損失を埋め合わせられる。
二、宮の寸法（エゼ 41:1-4）。とびらの幅、側室の配置、そして「至聖所」の寸法が正確に測られる。これらは神の臨在の神聖さと、近づくための備えを示す。
三、側室の構造（エゼ 41:5-11）。三階建ての三十部屋。これらは上に行くほど広くなる。「宮の周りに回り階段があって上に向かっていた」。これは恩寵の漸進的な増大を象徴するかもしれない。
四、宮の装飾と祭壇（エゼ 41:18-22）。壁にはケルビムと棕櫚の木の彫刻。香の祭壇は「主の前の食卓」であり、神の民の霊的礼拝を象徴する。
これらはすべて、神がご自身の民と共に住まわれる最終的な栄光の状態を指し示している。
영문 원문
The Vision of the Temple (574 BC)
¹ Afterward he brought me to the temple, and measured the posts, six cubits broad on the one side, and six cubits broad on the other side, which was the breadth of the tabernacle.
² And the breadth of the door was ten cubits; and the sides of the door were five cubits on the one side, and five cubits on the other side: and he measured the length thereof, forty cubits: and the breadth, twenty cubits.
³ Then went he inward, and measured the post of the door, two cubits; and the door, six cubits; and the breadth of the door, seven cubits.
⁴ So he measured the length thereof, twenty cubits; and the breadth, twenty cubits, before the temple: and he said unto me, This is the most holy place.
⁵ After he measured the wall of the house, six cubits; and the breadth of every side chamber, four cubits, round about the house on every side.
⁶ And the side chambers were three, one over another, and thirty in order; and they entered into the wall which was of the house for the side chambers round about, that they might have hold, but they had not hold in the wall of the house.
⁷ And there was an enlarging, and a winding about still upward to the side chambers: for the winding about of the house went still upward round about the house: therefore the breadth of the house was still upward, and so increased from the lowest chamber to the highest by the midst.
⁸ I saw also the height of the house round about: the foundations of the side chambers were a full reed of six great cubits.
⁹ The thickness of the wall, which was for the side chamber without, was five cubits: and that which was left was the place of the side chambers that were within.
¹⁰ And between the chambers was the wideness of twenty cubits round about the house on every side.
¹¹ And the doors of the side chambers were toward the place that was left, one door toward the north, and another door toward the south: and the breadth of the place that was left was five cubits round about.
We are still attending a prophet that is under the guidance of an angel, and therefore attend with reverence, though we are often at a loss to know both what this is and what it is to us. Observe here, 1. After the prophet had observed the courts he was at length brought to the temple, Eze 41:1. If we diligently attend to the instructions given us in the plainer parts of religion, and profit by them, we shall be led further into an acquaintance with the mysteries of the kingdom of heaven. Those that are willing to dwell in God's courts shall at length be brought into his temple. Ezekiel was himself a priest, but by the iniquity and calamity of the times was cut short of his birthright privilege of ministering in the temple; but God makes up the loss to him by introducing him into this prophetical, evangelical, celestial temple, and employing him to transmit a description of it to the church, in which he was dignified above all the rest of his order. 2. When our Lord Jesus spoke of the destroying of this temple, which his hearers understood of this second temple of Jerusalem, he spoke of the temple of his body (Joh 2:19,21); and with good reason might he speak so ambiguously when Ezekiel's vision had a joint respect to them both together, including also his mystical body the church, which is called the house of God (1Ti 3:15), and all the members of that body, which are living temples, in which the Spirit dwells. 3. The very posts of this temple, the door-posts, were as far one from the other, and consequently the door was as wide, as the whole breadth of the tabernacle of Moses (Eze 41:1), namely, twelve cubits, Ex 26:16,22,25. In comparison with what had been under the law we may say, Wide is the gate which leads into the church, the ceremonial law, that wall of partition which had so much straitened the gate, being taken down. 4. The most holy place was an exact square, twenty cubits each way, Eze 41:4. For the new Jerusalem is exactly square (Re 21:16), denoting its stability; for we look for a city that cannot be moved. 5. The upper stories were larger than the lower, Eze 41:7. The walls of the temple were six cubits thick at the bottom, five in the middle story, and four in the highest, which gave room to enlarge the chambers the higher they went; but care was taken that the timber might have fast hold (though God builds high, he builds firmly), yet so as not to weaken one part for the strengthening of another; they had hold, but not in the wall of the house. By this spreading gradually, the side-chambers that were on the height of the house (in the uppermost story of all) were six cubits, whereas the lowest were but four; they gained a cubit every story. The higher we build up ourselves in our most holy faith the more should our hearts, those living temples, be enlarged.
12-26
The Vision of the Temple (574 BC)
日本語
宮の幻（紀元前574年）
¹² 西の端に向かう隔離された所の前にあった建物は、幅七十尺であった。その建物の壁は周りに沿って厚さ五尺、その長さは九十尺。 ¹³ 彼は宮を測った。長さ百尺。隔離された所と建物とその壁も百尺。 ¹⁴ また宮の前面、および東に向かう隔離された所の幅は百尺。 ¹⁵ 彼は隔離された所に向かい合う、その背後にある建物の長さと、こちら側とあちら側の回廊を測った。百尺。内の宮および庭の玄関と共に。 ¹⁶ 門の框、狭い窓、およびその三階建ての周りの回廊は、扉に向かい合い、周りに沿って木で覆われていた。地から窓まで。窓は覆われていた。 ¹⁷ 扉の上から内の家に至るまで、外側にも、壁の内と外のすべてに、寸法にしたがって。 ¹⁸ ケルビムと棕櫚の木が作られていた。棕櫚の木がケルビムとケルビムの間にあるように。おのおのケルビムは二つの顔を持っていた。 ¹⁹ すなわち人の顔は一方の棕櫚の木に向き、若い獅子の顔は他方の棕櫚の木に向いていた。家の周りに沿ってすべて作られていた。 ²⁰ 地から扉の上に至るまでケルビムと棕櫚の木が作られ、宮の壁にあった。 ²¹ 宮の柱は四角であった。聖所の正面も同様。一方の姿は他方の姿のようであった。 ²² 木の祭壇は高さ三尺、その長さは二尺。その隅、長さ、壁は木であった。彼はわたしに言った。「これが主の前にある机である」。 ²³ 宮と聖所には二つの扉があった。 ²⁴ 扉はおのおの二枚の葉、回る二枚の葉。一つの扉に二枚の葉、もう一つの扉に二枚の葉。 ²⁵ 宮の扉の上には、壁に作られたのと同様に、ケルビムと棕櫚の木が作られた。外側の玄関の前面には厚い板があった。 ²⁶ 玄関の両側、すなわちこちらにもあちらにも狭い窓と棕櫚の木があった。家の側室にも厚い板。
ここに、1. 「隔離された所の前」（すなわち宮の前）、「西の端に」あった建物の説明がある（エゼ 41:12）。それはここで測られ、（エゼ 41:13）宮の寸法と比較され、それと等しい寸法であることが示される。これは単独の庭に建っており、そこは測られ（エゼ 41:15）、その回廊、すなわち付属する部屋、その柱と窓、およびその飾りが測られる（エゼ 41:15-17）。しかし、この他の建物がどのような用途に用いられるかは告げられていない。おそらくこの幻において、それはユダヤの宮に劣らないが、まったく異なる性質の、異邦人の間に教会が立てられることを示し、やがてそれに取って代わるものであろう。2. 宮と他の建物の飾りの描写。内側の壁は上から下まで「ケルビムと棕櫚の木」で飾られ、ソロモンの宮のように交互に置かれた（王上 6:29）。おのおのケルビムはここで二つの「顔」を持つと言われる。一方の棕櫚の木に向かう「人の顔」と、他方の「棕櫚の木に向かう若い獅子の顔」（エゼ 41:19）。これらは御使いたちを表すと思われる。彼らは人の知恵と獅子の勇気の両方を超える。そして両方において、彼らは自分たちの前に置かれた勝利と凱旋の棕櫚に目を向け、闇の力とのすべての戦いにおいてそれを確信する。そして聖徒の集会において、御使いたちは特別な仕方で臨在される（コリ第一 11:10）。3. 宮と聖所の扉の柱の描写。それらは「四角」であった（エゼ 41:21）。柱のように丸くはなかった。「一方の姿は他方の姿のようであった」。幕屋およびソロモンの宮において、聖所、すなわち至聖所の扉は宮のそれより狭かったが、ここでは完全に同じ幅であった。福音時代には「至聖所に入る道が」旧約の時よりも「明らかにされた」（ヘブル 9:8）。それゆえ扉はより広い。これらの扉はエゼ 41:23,24に描写される。宮と聖所はそれぞれ扉を持ち、それらは「二枚の葉」の折り畳み戸であった。4. ここに香の祭壇の描写がある。ここでは「木の祭壇」と言われる（エゼ 41:22）。「金で覆われる」ことについては言及がない。しかし間違いなくそうされる意図であった。そうでなければ、香が焼かれる火に耐えないであろう。ただしそれが香炉を置くためだけであったと仮定するなら別である。あるいは、福音の宮で献げられる香は純粋に霊的であり、火も霊的で、木の祭壇を焼き尽くさないことを示す。それゆえこの祭壇は机と呼ばれる。「これが主の前にある机である」。ここでも、前にと同様、祭壇が机に変えられている。大いなる犠牲がすでに献げられた今、わたしたちのなすべきことは、主の食卓でその犠牲の祝宴にあずかることである。5. ここに扉と窓が棕櫚の木で飾られることがある。家の壁と調和するためである（エゼ 41:25,26）。このように生ける宮は飾られる。金や銀や高価な着物ではなく、「朽ちることのない、心の内側に隠された人」によって。
영문 원문
The Vision of the Temple (574 BC)
¹² Now the building that was before the separate place at the end toward the west was seventy cubits broad; and the wall of the building was five cubits thick round about, and the length thereof ninety cubits.
¹³ So he measured the house, a hundred cubits long; and the separate place, and the building, with the walls thereof, an hundred cubits long;
¹⁴ Also the breadth of the face of the house, and of the separate place toward the east, a hundred cubits.
¹⁵ And he measured the length of the building over against the separate place which was behind it, and the galleries thereof on the one side and on the other side, a hundred cubits, with the inner temple, and the porches of the court;
¹⁶ The door posts, and the narrow windows, and the galleries round about on their three stories, over against the door, cieled with wood round about, and from the ground up to the windows, and the windows were covered;
¹⁷ To that above the door, even unto the inner house, and without, and by all the wall round about within and without, by measure.
¹⁸ And it was made with cherubims and palm trees, so that a palm tree was between a cherub and a cherub; and every cherub had two faces;
¹⁹ So that the face of a man was toward the palm tree on the one side, and the face of a young lion toward the palm tree on the other side: it was made through all the house round about.
²⁰ From the ground unto above the door were cherubims and palm trees made, and on the wall of the temple.
²¹ The posts of the temple were squared, and the face of the sanctuary; the appearance of the one as the appearance of the other.
²² The altar of wood was three cubits high, and the length thereof two cubits; and the corners thereof, and the length thereof, and the walls thereof, were of wood: and he said unto me, This is the table that is before the LORD.
²³ And the temple and the sanctuary had two doors.
²⁴ And the doors had two leaves apiece, two turning leaves; two leaves for the one door, and two leaves for the other door.
²⁵ And there were made on them, on the doors of the temple, cherubims and palm trees, like as were made upon the walls; and there were thick planks upon the face of the porch without.
²⁶ And there were narrow windows and palm trees on the one side and on the other side, on the sides of the porch, and upon the side chambers of the house, and thick planks.
Here is, 1. An account of a building that was before the separate place (that is, before the temple), at the end towards the west (Eze 41:12), which is here measured, and compared (Eze 41:13) with the measure of the house, and appears to be of equal dimensions with it. This stood in a court by itself, which is measured (Eze 41:15) and its galleries, or chambers belonging to it, its posts and windows, and the ornaments of them, Eze 41:15-17. But what use was to be made of this other building we are not told; perhaps, in this vision, it signified the setting up of a church among the Gentiles not inferior to the Jewish temple, but of quite another nature, and which should soon supersede it. 2. A description of the ornaments of the temple, and the other building. The walls on the inside from top to bottom were adorned with cherubim and palm-trees, placed alternately, as in Solomon's temple, 1Ki 6:29. Each cherub is here said to have two faces, the face of a man towards the palm tree on one side and the face of a young lion towards the palm-tree on the other side, Eze 41:19. These seem to represent the angels, who have more than the wisdom of a man and the courage of a lion; and in both they have an eye to the palms of victory and triumph which are set before them, and which they are sure of in all their conflicts with the powers of darkness. And in the assemblies of the saints angels are in a special manner present, 1Co 11:10. 3. A description of the posts of the doors both of the temple and of the sanctuary; they were squared (Eze 41:21), not round like pillars; and the appearance of the one was as the appearance of the other. In the tabernacle, and in Solomon's temple, the door of the sanctuary, or most holy, was narrower than that of the temple, but here it was fully as broad; for in gospel-times the way into the holiest of all is made more manifest than it was under the Old Testament (Heb 9:8) and therefore the door is wider. These doors are described, Eze 41:23,24. The temple and the sanctuary had each of them its door, and they were two-leaved, folding doors. 4. We have here the description of the altar of incense, here said to be an altar of wood, Eze 41:22. No mention is made of its being over-laid with gold; but surely it was intended to be so, else it would not bear the fire with which the incense was to be burned, unless we will suppose that it served only to put the censers upon. Or else it intimates that the incense to be offered in the gospel-temple shall be purely spiritual, and the fire spiritual, which will not consume an altar of wood. Therefore this altar is called a table. This is the table that is before the Lord. Here, as before, we find the altar turned into a table; for, the great sacrifice being now offered, that which we have to do is to feast upon the sacrifice at the Lord's table. 5. Here is the adorning of the doors and windows with palm-trees, that they might be of a piece with the walls of the house, Eze 41:25,26. Thus the living temples are adorned, not with gold, or silver, or costly array, but with the hidden man of the heart, in that which is not corruptible.
前章の終わりで宮の玄関についての説明が与えられた。本章は宮そのものへと導く。ここで与えられる描写は、批判的な注解者に多くの困難をもたらし、彼らの間に見解の相違を生じさせる。
この輪郭の個々の意味への探求に熱心な者は、それらの注解者を参照すべきである。われわれにとっては次を観察するだけで十分である。
一、宮の寸法。その柱（エゼ 41:1）、扉（エゼ 41:2）、壁と側室（エゼ 41:5-6）、これらの部屋の土台と壁、その扉（エゼ 41:8-11）、および宮そのもの（エゼ 41:13）。
二、神託、すなわち至聖所の寸法（エゼ 41:3-4）。
三、隔離された場所の向かいにあるもう一つの建物についての説明（エゼ 41:12-15）。
四、宮の建て方（エゼ 41:7、16-17）。
五、宮の装飾（エゼ 41:18-20）。
六、香の祭壇と机（エゼ 41:22）。
七、宮と神託の間の扉（エゼ 41:23-26）。
時代と場所によって建築の用語と規則に大きな違いがあるため、これらの記述の中に学習者の間でも意見の一致しない暗く理解困難な部分が多くあっても、われわしのつまずきとなるべきではない。数学に熟達していない者にとって現代の建築物の数学的描写はほとんど理解しえないであろう。しかし当時のユダヤ人の普通の大工や石工にとっては、これらすべてが文字通りには容易に理解できるものであったと考えられる。