서론
제목 없음
日本語
영문 원문
The scope of this chapter is the same with that of the foregoing chapter, to discover the sin both of Israel and Judah, and to denounce the judgments of God against them. I. They are called to hearken to the charge, Ho 5:1,8. II. They are accused of many sins, which are here aggravated. 1. Persecution, Ho 5:1,2. 2. Spiritual whoredom, Ho 5:3,4. 3. Pride, Ho 5:5. 4. Apostasy from God, Ho 5:7. 5. The tyranny of the princes, and the tameness of the people in submitting to it, Ho 5:10,11. III. They are threatened with God's displeasure for their sins; he knows all their wickedness (Ho 5:3) and makes known his wrath against them for it, Ho 5:9. 1. They shall fall in their iniquity, Ho 5:5. 2. God will forsake them, Ho 5:6. 3. Their portions shall be devoured, Ho 5:7. 4. God will rebuke them, and pour out his wrath upon them, Ho 5:9,10. 5. They shall be oppressed, Ho 5:11. 6. God will be as a moth to them in secret judgments (Ho 5:12) and as a lion in public judgments, Ho 5:14. IV. They are blamed for the wrong course they took under their afflictions, Ho 5:13. V. It is intimated that they shall at length take a right course, Ho 5:15. The more generally these things are expressed of so much the more general use they are for our learning, and particularly for our admonition.
1-7
Charge against Israel and Judah; Judgments Threatened (758 BC)
日本語
イスラエルとユダへの告訴、脅されたさばき(紀元前758年)
¹ 祭司たちよ、これを聞け。イスラエルの家よ、耳を傾けよ。王の家よ、耳を貸せ。さばきがあなたがたに向かう。あなたがたがミヅパに罠として、タボルに張られた網としてあったから。
² 背く者たちは殺戮をなすことに深い。わたしは彼らすべての責め手であったのに。
³ わたしはエフライムを知っている。イスラエルはわたしに隠されていない。今エフライムよ、あなたは姦淫を行い、イスラエルは汚されている。
⁴ 彼らはそのなわざを定めて彼らの神に立ち返らない。姦淫の霊が彼らの中にあり、彼らは主を知らない。
⁵ イスラエルの高ぶりはその顔にあかしする。それゆえイスラエルとエフライムはその不義につまずき、ユダもまた彼らと共につまずく。
⁶ 彼らは群れと牛の群れを携えて主を尋ね求める。しかし見いださない。彼は彼らから身を隠された。
⁷ 彼らは主に対して不信実にふるまった。彼らは異邦の子らを生んだから。今や一つの月が彼らとその分け前を食い尽くす。
ここに、I. すべての階層と程度の人々が召喚され、彼らに告発される事柄に答えるために現れる(Ho 5:1)。「祭司たちよ、これを聞け!」。聖なる職位にある者(ユダの者たちのように、またおそらくイスラエルの多くも。十部族の中には祭司とレビ人の都市がいくつかあり、十部族の離反後もおそらく自分の割り当てに留まり、宮から離れてできる限りの職務を行った者たち)、あるいは聖なる職位を装う者、子牛の祭司たちのように。ある者は彼らもここに含まれると考える。「イスラエルの家よ、耳を傾けよ」。一般の民。「王の家よ、耳を貸せ!」。すべての者に注意させよ。彼らはすべて国の罪に寄与し、すべて国のさばきにあずかるから。注意せよ。祭司職の聖性も王家の尊厳も、罪を締め出すのに勝てないなら、怒りを締め出すのに役立つことは期待できない。もし祭司たちと王の家が、その高貴な品性を持ちながらも他の者のように罪を犯すなら、その高貴な品性は彼らを許さず、他の者のように苦しまなければならない。またイスラエルの家がその祭司や君たちに誤導されたという弁解にもならない。彼らは彼らと共に運命を受ける。その低さも、その多数も免除とはならない。
II. 彼らに対して証人が提出される。千人の代わりの一人。それは神の全知である(Ho 5:3)。「わたしはエフライムを知っている。イスラエルはわたしに隠されていない」。彼らは主を知らなかった(Ho 5:4)。しかし主は彼らを知っておられる。どのように偽装されてもその真の品性を知り、どのように隠されてもその秘密の悪を知っておられる。注意せよ。神を知ることを拒む者は、神の彼らを知ることから免れない。そして神が彼らと争われるとき、神は神ご自身の知識によってその罪を彼らの上に証明される。それゆえ無罪と弁じるのは無駄である。
III. 彼らに告発される非常に悪い事柄。1. 彼らは人々を罪か悩みのいずれかに引き込むために非常に巧妙で、非常に勤勉であった。「あなたがたはミヅパに罠として、タボルに張られた網であった」(Ho 5:1)。すなわち、猟師が獲物を追うためにそれらの山に置いたような罠と網。子牛の礼拝がイスラエルに立てられたとき、その偶像礼拝の後援者と支持者たちは、あらゆる可能な術と策略によって人々をそれに引き込み、最初それを恐れた者たちをそれに和解させるよう図った。注意せよ。人々を罪に誘い、唆す者は、友情と好意を装っても、彼らにとって罠と網、その手を縄として見なされるべきである(Ec 7:26)。しかしその罪に誘惑できなかった者たちには、悩みに陥らせる網と罠であった。ある者は、 solemn な祭りのときにエルサレムで、ミヅパとタボルの山に特に探者を置き、敬虔な影響を受けた民の誰かがそこに行くかを見張り、彼らを告発するのが彼らの習慣であったと考える。それで訴追できるように。こうして堕落させられない者を乱す悪魔のわざをする。2. 彼らはその計画を進めるにおいて非常に狡猾で、非常に残酷であった(Ho 5:2)。「背く者たちは殺戮をなすことに深い」。注意せよ。神の真理から背教した者たちは、それに堅くつく者を最も狡猾に、最も残忍に迫害することが多い。彼らを満足させるのは殺戮をなすことだけである(彼らが渇望するのは聖徒の血である)。そして蛇の毒針を持つ。彼らはそれを行うことに深い。おお、サタンの深いことの深さ、その代理人の悪、深く背いた者の悪の深さよ(Isa 31:6)。これを悪化させたのは、彼らに与えられた多くの責めと警告であった。「わたしは彼らすべての責め手であったのに」。預言者はそうであった。職務による責め手。彼はその道と行いの悪を何度も彼らに告げ、率直に彼らすべてと対処し、祭司たちや王の家もゆるさなかった。神ご自身も、彼ら自身の良心と神の摂理によって彼らすべての責め手であった。注意せよ。責めに対する罪は二重に罪である(Pr 29:1)。3. 彼らは姦淫を行い、肉の欲でそのからだを汚し、偶像礼拝でその魂を汚した(Ho 5:3)。これは神の証人であった。密かに犯され、巧妙に穏やかにされたにもかかわらず。いや、神の貫く目は彼らの中にある姦淫の霊を見た。それらの罪への秘密の傾向と性向、その罪への愛、そしてその罪が彼らの上に持つ支配。彼らが姦淫の霊の力の下にどれほどあったか。その苦さの根はすべてこのにがよもぎを生み出した。その腐り毒された泉。4. 彼らは神との親交と交わりに入る性向をまったく持たなかった。姦淫の霊が彼らを神から迷わせ、彼らを絶え間なくさまよわせる(Ho 5:4)。(1.)彼らは主を知らず、主を知ることを望まず、むしろその知識を避け、恐れた。それが彼らの罪深い道を妨げるから。(2.)それゆえ彼らはそのなわざを定めて彼らの神に立ち返らない。これによって彼らは神を正しく知らないことが示される。これは神からの背教における頑固な持続を示す。彼らは神に立ち返らなかった。神は彼らの神、契約による彼らの神であり、その御名によって呼ばれ、仕えるべき義務があったのに。彼らが離れていた礼拝に立ち返らなかった。いや、彼らはそのなわざを定めて神に立ち返らなかった。彼らはその道を考えようとせず、真剣な気分に自分自身を整えず、神に導く事柄にその心を向けようとしなかった。確かにわたしたちは神の特別な恵みなしには、自分の力では神に立ち返ることはできない。しかしわたしたちはその能力の正しい活用と神の御霊の一般的な助けによって、そのなわざを定めて神に立ち返ることができる。これをしない者、主を尋ねるためにその心を備えない者(2Ch 12:14)は、立ち返らないことを自分自身に負う。彼らは死ぬことを選ぶから死ぬ。そしてこれをする者には、さらなる恵みが欠けることはない。(5.)彼らは悪名高い傲慢さと罪における無法さを犯した(Ho 5:5)。「イスラエルの高ぶりはその顔にあかしする」。神とその支配に対する反逆者であることを彼に証明する。彼らの中にある姦淫の霊は、その礼拝の華やかさと派手さに現れた。遊女がその服装で知られるように(Pr 7:10)。彼女の服装のみだりさは、彼女が貞淑な女でないことをその顔に証明する。あるいは、神が彼らに遣わされた預言者たちと彼らがもたらしたメッセージに直面することにおける彼らの高ぶり(Jer 43:2)。あるいはその兄弟や下の者たちに対する高慢で軽べつ的な振る舞いが、彼らが神の民でないことを証明し、神が彼らの上にもたらされたすべてのへりくだりのさばきにおいて神を正当化した。「その高ぶりはその顔に証明する」。ある者はそう読む。Isa 3:9と一致して。「彼らの顔つきは彼らに不利に証言する」。彼らは主が憎む高ぶった目を持つ。(6.)彼らは神から離れて偶像に向かい、その子らを偶像礼拝において育てた(Ho 5:7)。「彼らは主に対して不信実にふるまった」。結婚の契約を軽べつして夫を捨て、他の者と姦淫に生きる妻のように。このように霊的偶像礼拝を犯す者、その神が金銭であり、その神が腹である者は、主に対して不信実にふるまう。神に対するその誓いを破り、神からの期待を挫折させる。注意せよ。故意の罪人は不信実な取引者である。「彼らは異邦の子らを生んだ」。すなわち、彼らが生んだ子らは神から離れ、偽りの礼拝の道で訓練されている。彼らは姦淫の子(Joh 8:41)のようないかがわしい子孫であり、神は否認される。注意せよ。自ら従うことをやめるだけでなく、その子らを悪い道で訓練する者は、確かに神に対して不信実にふるまう。
IV. 彼らの運命として非常に悲しい事柄が定められる。一般的に(Ho 5:1)、「さばきがあなたがたに向かう。神はあなたがたと争うために出て来られ、あなたがたの罪のゆえに、あなたがたに対するその不満を証明される」。さばきがわたしたちに向かうとき、耳を傾ける時である。特に、
1. 彼らはその不義につまずく。これはその高ぶりがその顔にあかしする(Ho 5:5)に続く。「それゆえイスラエルとエフライムはその不義に倒れる」。注意せよ。高ぶりには倒れがある。それはその確実な前兆であり、前触れである。自分を高くする者は低くされる。高ぶりが証明する顔は、当惑で満たされる。彼らは倒れるだけでなく、その不義において倒れる。あらゆる倒れの中で最も悲しい。彼らの高ぶりがその不義を悔い改めるのを妨げた。それゆえ彼らはその中に倒れる。注意せよ。その罪のためにへりくだらされない者は、その罪において永遠に滅びる可能性がある。付け加えられる。「ユダもまたその不義において彼らと共に倒れる」。十部族がその偶像礼拝のためにアッスリヤに捕らえられたように、二部族も時が経つにつれて、その悪い例に従ったためにバビロンに捕らえられた。しかし前者は倒れて完全に打ち倒され、後者は倒れて再び立ち上がった。ユダは宮と祭司職を持っていた。しかしこれらは彼らを守らない。もしイスラエルとエフライムと共に罪を犯すなら、共に倒れる。
2. 彼らは神の恵みに達しない。求めるときに(Ho 5:6)。「彼らは群れと牛の群れを携えて主を尋ね求める。しかし見いだせない」。これは主としてユダについて語られたようである。その不義に陥るとき、そしてその不義において倒れるとき。(1.)その不義に陥ったとき、彼らは主を求めた。しかしそれをただ求めなかった。それゆえ神は彼らに見いだされなかった。彼らが異邦の神々を礼拝したとき、それでも真の神の礼拝の外見と影を保った。彼らはいつものように、solemn な祭りに群れと牛の群れと共に主を求めに行った。しかしその心は神と真っ直ぐでなかった。神のために完全でなかったから。それゆえ神は彼らを受け入れられなかった。全心で神を求めるときにのみ、神を見いだす。神とバアルの間で分かたずに(Eze 14:3)。(2.)その不義において倒れたとき、あるいは倒れていることを発見したとき、彼らは主を求めた。しかしそれを早く求めなかった。それゆえ神は彼らに見いだされない。彼らは滅びが自分たちの上に来るのを見、その苦境において神に逃れ、全焼のいけにえと犠牲で神を自分たちの友にしようと考える。しかし宣告が出た後では、神の怒りをそらすには遅すぎる。ヨシヤの改革でさえ神の怒りをそらえるのに勝たなかった(2Ki 23:25,26)。群れと牛の群れだけを携え、心とたましいを携えずに主を求める者は、神を見いだすことを期待できない。神の恵みは数千の雄羊で買うことはできないから。また見いだされる間に主を求めない者は成功しない。神が見いだされない時があるから。彼らは神を見いださない。神が身を隠されたから。神は彼らに問われることをせず、彼らの犠牲に耳を貸さない。いかに神を早く求めることがわたしの関心事であるかを見よ。今、恵みの時、救いの日である間に。
3. 彼らとその分け前はすべて飲み込まれる。「彼らは主に対して不信実にふるまい、異邦の子らとの同盟によってそれを強めようとした。しかし今や一つの月が彼らとその分け前を食い尽くす」。その財産と受け継ぎ。彼らが神の代わりに分け前として選んだものとして取った、それらすべてのもの。あるいは分け前によって彼らの偶像が意味される。「彼らは神の代わりに分け前として選んだ」。注意せよ。世界を偶像とし、それを分け前として取る者は、自らそれと共に滅びる。「一つの月が彼らを食い尽くす」。あらかじめ定められた確実な時、そして短い時。神のさばきが彼らと共に始まるとき、彼らは速やかに終わらせるであろう。一つの月が彼らの仕事をするであろう。一つの月の病気でからだはどれほど弱められ、一つの月の戦争で国はどれほど荒らされることであろうか!「三人の牧者を(神は言われる)わたしは一つの月に断ち切った」(Zec 11:8)。注意せよ。神のさばきは時に罪深い民に対して速い仕事をする。一つの月は、多くの年が修理できる以上のものを、より多くの分け前を食い尽くす。
영문 원문
Charge against Israel and Judah; Judgments Threatened (758 BC)
¹ Hear ye this, O priests; and hearken, ye house of Israel; and give ye ear, O house of the king; for judgment is toward you, because ye have been a snare on Mizpah, and a net spread upon Tabor.
² And the revolters are profound to make slaughter, though I have been a rebuker of them all.
³ I know Ephraim, and Israel is not hid from me: for now, O Ephraim, thou committest whoredom, and Israel is defiled.
⁴ They will not frame their doings to turn unto their God: for the spirit of whoredoms is in the midst of them, and they have not known the LORD.
⁵ And the pride of Israel doth testify to his face: therefore shall Israel and Ephraim fall in their iniquity; Judah also shall fall with them.
⁶ They shall go with their flocks and with their herds to seek the LORD; but they shall not find him; he hath withdrawn himself from them.
⁷ They have dealt treacherously against the LORD: for they have begotten strange children: now shall a month devour them with their portions.
Here, I. All orders and degrees of men are cited to appear and answer to such things as shall be laid to their charge (Ho 5:1): Hear you this, O priests! whether in holy orders (as those in Judah, and perhaps many in Israel too, for in the ten tribes there were divers cities of priests and Levites, who, it is probable, staid in their own lot after the revolt of the ten tribes and did so much of their office as might be done at a distance from the temple) or pretending holy orders, as the priests of the calves, who, some think, are included here. "Hearken, you house of Israel, the common people, and give ear, O house of the king!" let them all take notice, for they have all contributed to the national guilt, and they shall all share in the national judgments. Note, If neither the sanctity of the priesthood nor the dignity of the royal family will prevail to keep out sin, it cannot be expected that they should avail to keep out wrath. If the priests, and the house of the king, though they bear such noble characters, sin like others, their noble characters will not excuse them, but they must smart like others. Nor shall it be any plea for the house of Israel that they were misled by their priests and princes, but they shall receive their doom with them, and neither their meanness nor their multitude shall be their exemption.
II. Witness is produced against them, one instead of a thousand; it is God's omniscience (Ho 5:3): I know Ephraim, and Israel is not hidden from me. They have not known the Lord (Ho 5:4), but the Lord has known them, knows their true character however disguised, knows their secret wickedness however concealed. Note, Men's rejecting the knowledge of God will not secure them from his knowledge of them; and when he contends with them he will prove their sins upon them by his own knowledge, so that is will be in vain to plead Not guilty.
III. Very bad things are laid to their charge. 1. They had been very ingenious and very industrious to draw people either into sin or into trouble: You have been a snare on Mizpah, and a net spread upon Tabor (Ho 5:1), that is, such snares and nets as the huntsmen used to lay upon those mountains in pursuit of their game. When the worship of the calves was set up in Israel the patrons of that idolatry, and sticklers for it, contrived by all possible arts and wiles to draw men into it and reconcile those to it that at first had a dread of it. Note, Those that allure and entice men to sin, however they may pretend friendship and good-will, are to be looked upon as snares and nets to them, and their hands as bands, Ec 7:26. But to those whom they could not seduce into sin they were as a net and a snare to bring them into trouble. Some think it was their practice to set spies in the road, and particularly upon the mountains of Mizpah and Tabor, at the times of the solemn feasts at Jerusalem, to watch if any of their people who were piously affected went thither, and to inform against them, that they might be prosecuted for it, thus doing the devil's work, who disquiets those whom he cannot debauch. 2. They had been both very crafty and very cruel in carrying on their designs (Ho 5:2): The revolters are profound to make slaughter. Note, Those who have themselves apostatized from the truths of God are often the most subtle and barbarous persecutors of those who still adhere to them. Nothing will serve them but to make slaughter (it is the blood of the saints that they thirst after): and with the serpent's sting they have his head; they are profound to do it. O the depth of the depths of Satan, of the wickedness of his agents, of those that have deeply revolted! Isa 31:6. Now that which aggravated this was the many reproofs and warnings that had been given them: Though I have been a rebuker of them all. The prophet had been so, a reprover by office. He had many a time told them of the evil of their ways and doings, had dealt plainly with them all, and had not spared either the priests or the house of the king. God himself had been a rebuker of them all by their own consciences and by his providences. Note, Sins against reproof are doubly sinful, Pr 29:1. 3. They had committed whoredom, had defiled their own bodies with fleshly lusts, had defiled their own souls with the worship of idols, Ho 5:3. This God was a witness to, though secretly committed and artfully palliated. Nay, the piercing eye of God saw the spirit of whoredom that was in the midst of them, their secret inclination and disposition to those sins, the love they had to their sins, and the dominion their sins had over them, how much they were under the power of a spirit of whoredom, that root of bitterness which bore all this gall and wormwood, that corrupt and poisoned fountain. 4. They had no disposition at all to come into acquaintance and communion with God. The spirit of whoredoms, having caused them to err from him, keeps them wandering endlessly, Ho 5:4. (1.) They have not known the Lord, nor desire to know him, but have rather declined, nay dreaded, the knowledge of him, for that would disturb them in their sinful ways. (2.) Therefore they will not frame their doings to turn to their God, by which it appeared that they did not know him aright. This intimates their obstinate persistence in their apostasy from God; they would not turn to God, though he was their God, theirs in covenant, by whose name they had been called, and whom they were bound to serve. They would not return to the worship of him, from which they had turned aside. Nay, they would not frame their doings to turn to God. They would not consider their ways, nor dispose themselves into a serious temper, nor apply their minds to think of those things that would bring them to God. It is true we cannot by our own power, without the special grace of God, turn to him; but we may by the due improvement of our faculties, and the common aids of his Spirit, frame our doings to turn to him. Those that will not do this, that prepare not their hearts to seek the Lord (2Ch 12:14), owe it to themselves that they are not turned; they die because they will die; and to those that will do this further grace shall not be wanting. (5.) They were guilty of notorious arrogancy, and insolence in sin (Ho 5:5): The pride of Israel doth testify to his face, doth witness against him that he is a rebel to God and his government. The spirit of whoredoms which was in the midst of them showed itself in the gaiety and gaudiness of their worship, as a harlot is known by her attire, Pr 7:10. The wantonness of her dress testifies to her face that she is not a modest woman. Or their pride in confronting the prophets God sent them and the message they brought (Jer 43:2), or a haughty scornful conduct towards their brethren and those that were under them, witnessed against them that they were not God's people and justified God in all the humbling judgments he brought upon them. His pride testifies in his face; so some read it, agreeing with Isa 3:9, The show of their countenance doth witness against them. They have that proud look which the Lord hates. (6.) They departed from God to idols, and bred up their children in idolatry (Ho 5:7): They have dealt treacherously against the Lord, as a wife, who, in contempt of the marriage covenant, forsakes her husband, and lives in adultery with another. Thus those who are guilty of spiritual idolatry, whose god is their money, whose god is their belly, deal treacherously against the Lord; they violate their engagements to him and frustrate his expectations from them. Note, Wilful sinners are treacherous dealers. They have begotten strange children, that is, their children which they have begotten are estranged from God, and trained up in a false way of worship; they are a spurious brood, as children of fornication (Joh 8:41), whom God will disown. Note, Those deal treacherously with God indeed who not only turn from following him themselves but train up their children in wicked ways.
IV. Very sad things are made to be their doom. In general (Ho 5:1), "Judgment is towards you. God is coming forth to contend with you, and to testify his displeasure against you for your sins." It is time to hearken when judgment is towards us. In particular,
1. They shall fall in their iniquity. This follows upon their pride testifying to their face (Ho 5:5) Therefore shall Israel and Ephraim fall in their iniquity. Note, Pride will have a fall; it is the certain presage and forerunner of it. Those that exalt themselves shall be abased. The face in which pride testifies shall be filled with confusion. They shall not only fall, but fall in their iniquity, the saddest fall of any. Their pride kept them from repenting of their iniquity, and therefore they shall fall in it. Note, Those that are not humbled for their sins are likely to perish for ever in their sins. It is added, Judah also shall fall with them in her iniquity. As the ten tribes were carried captive into Assyria, for their idolatry, so the two tribes, in process of time, were carried into Babylon for following their bad example; but the former fell and were utterly cast down, the latter fell and were raised up again. Judah had the temple and priesthood, and yet these shall not secure them, but, if they sin with Israel and Ephraim, with them they shall fall.
2. They shall fall short of God's favour when they profess to seek it (Ho 5:6): They shall go with their flocks and with their herds to seek the Lord, but in vain; they shall not find him. This seems to be spoken principally of Judah, when they fell into their iniquity, and when they fell in their iniquity. (1.) When they fell into their iniquity they sought the Lord; but they did not seek him only, and therefore he was not found of them. When they worshipped strange gods, yet they kept up the show and shadow of the worship of the true God; they went as usual, at the solemn feasts, with their flocks and herds to seek the Lord; but their hearts were not upright with him, because they were not entire for him, and therefore he would not accept them; for then only shall we find him when we seek him with our whole heart, not divided between God and Baal, Eze 14:3. (2.) When they fell in their iniquity, or found themselves falling by it, they sought the Lord; but they did not seek him early, and therefore he will not be found of them. They shall see ruin coming upon them, and shall then, in their distress, flee to God, and think to make him their friend with burnt-offerings and sacrifices; but it will be too late then to turn away his wrath when the decree has gone forth. Even Josiah's reformation did not prevail to turn away the wrath of God, 2Ki 23:25,26. Those that go with their flocks and their herds only to seek the Lord, and not with their hearts and souls, cannot expect to find him, for his favour is not to be purchased with thousands of rams. Nor shall those speed who do not seek the Lord while he may be found, for there is a time when he will not be found. They shall not find him, for he has withdrawn himself; he will not be enquired of by them, but will turn a deaf ear to their sacrifices. See how much it is our concern to seek God early, now while the accepted time is, and the day of salvation.
3. They and their portions shall all be swallowed up. They have dealt treacherously against the Lord, and have thought to strengthen themselves in it by their alliances with strange children; but now shall a month devour them with their portions, that is, their estates and inheritances, all those things which they have taken, and taken up with, as their portion; or by their portions is meant their idols, whom they chose for their portion instead of God. Note, Those that make an idol of the world, by taking it for their portion, will themselves perish with it. A month shall devour them, or eat them up—a certain time prefixed, and a short time. When God's judgments begin with them they shall soon make an end; one month will do their business. How much may a body be weakened by one month's sickness, or a kingdom wasted by one month's war! Three shepherds (says God) I cut off in one month, Zec 11:8. Note, The judgments of God sometimes make quick work with a sinful people. A month devours more, and more portions, than many years can repair.
8-15
Threatenings of Judgment (758 BC)
日本語
さばきの脅し(紀元前758年)
⁸ ギベアに角笛を吹け。ラマにラッパを吹け。ベテアベンに向かって大声で叫べ。ベニヤミンよ、あなたの後ろに。
⁹ エフライムは責めの日に荒れ果てる。わたしはイスラエルの部族の中に必ず起ることを知らせた。
¹⁰ ユダの君たちは境を移す者のようであった。それゆえわたしは水のように彼らの上にわたしの怒りを注ぐ。
¹¹ エフライムは抑圧され、さばきにおいて打ち砕かれる。彼が進んで戒めに従って歩んだから。
¹² それゆえわたしはエフライムには蛾のようになり、ユダの家には腐りのようになる。
¹³ エフライムはその病を見、ユダはその傷を見たとき、エフライムはアッスリヤに行き、王ヤレブに遣わした。しかし彼はあなたがたをいやせず、あなたがたの傷を治せなかった。
¹⁴ わたしはエフライムには獅子のようになり、ユダの家には若い獅子のようになる。わたし、わたしこそ引き裂いて去る。わたしは取り去る。だれも彼を救い出せない。
¹⁵ わたしは行って、わたしの場所に帰る。彼らがその背きを認め、わたしの顔を求めるまで。彼らはその苦しみの中で早くわたしを求める。
ここに、I. さばきの来ることを告げる大いなる警報が鳴らされる(Ho 5:8)。「ギベアに角笛を吹け。ラマにラッパを吹け」。ユダとイスラエルの二つの王国の境界に近い二つの都市。ギベアはユダ王国の辺境の町、ラマはイスラエルの。それゆえ警告は両王国に送られる。「ベテアベンに向かって大声で叫べ」。あるいはベテル。その場所はすでに敵に奪われているようであり、それゆえそこでラッパは鳴らされない。しかし征服する者の叫びが、征服された者のそれと混じって聞こえる。「ベニヤミンよ、あなたの後ろに敵が来る。エフライムの部族はすでに征服され、敵はまもなくベニヤミンよ、あなたの背に来る。あなたの番が次に来る。震えの杯が回る」。預言者は神の彼らとの論争を法廷の裁判として描写した(Ho 4:1)。ここでは戦いによる裁判として描写する。そしてここでも彼がさばかれるとき、彼は勝つ。それゆえすべての者がその神に出会う準備をせよ。彼は前にさばきを確実なものとして語った。ここでは近いものとして語る。そしてそれらがまさに戸口にあると感じられるとき、それらは非常に驚くべき、目覚めさせるものである。この角笛の吹くことはHo 5:9で説明される。「イスラエルの部族の中にわたしは必ず起ることを知らせた」。真実あるいは確実なもの(言葉はそう)。注意せよ。不悔改の罪人の滅びは必ず起る事柄である。単に彼らを怖がらせるための話ではなく、取り消せない宣告である。そしてそれがわたしたちに知らされたこと、時宜を得た警告が与えられたことは、わたしたちへのあわれみである。来るべき怒りから逃れるため。イスラエルの部族の特権は、その義務を告げられると同時に、彼らに委ねられた神の神託によってその危険を告げられることである。
II. 神の彼らとの論争の根拠。1. 彼はユダの君たちと論争を持つ。彼らが罪において大胆な指導者であったから(Ho 5:10)。彼らは境を移す者、古代の地境を移す者のようである。神はご自身の財産の囲いとして彼らに律法を与えられた。しかし彼らは sacrilegiously にそれを破り、取り除いた。彼らは神の権利さえも侵した。善と悪の区別、理性と公平の最も神聖な義務を踏みつけた。君であるから、何でもできると考えた。Quicquid libet, licet—彼らの意志が法律であった。あるいは、特権を進めるために臣民の自由と財産を侵したこととして理解できる。それは古代の地境を移すようであった。ある者は観察した。ユダの君たちはイスラエルの君たちよりも絶対的で、より恣意的な権力を assumption した。さて、このために神は彼らと論争を持つ。「わたしは水のように彼らの上にわたしの怒りを注ぐ」。大いなる豊かさをもって。洪水の水のように。それは古い世界の巨人の上に注がれた。彼らを通じて地に満ちた暴力のために(Ge 6:13)。注意せよ。君たち自身でさえ移してはならない境がある。宗教と正義の双方の境。彼らはそれによって限られている。そしてもし彼らがそれを破るなら、彼らの上に彼らに清算を求める神がおられることを知らなければならない。2. 彼はエフライムの民と論争を持つ。彼らが罪においてこっそりと従う者であったから(Ho 5:11)。「彼は進んで戒めに従って歩んだ」。すなわち、ヤロブアムとイスラエルの後の王たちの戒め。彼らはすべての臣民に法律によってダンとベテルの子牛を礼拝し、エルサレムに礼拝に行かないよう義務づけた。これが戒めであった。国の法律であり、国家の理由で backed された。そして民は盲目的、暗黙の権威への従順においてそれに従って歩んだだけでなく、進んでそれに従って歩んだ。偶像礼拝に対する彼らが持っていた秘密の反感から。注意せよ。神の戒めに逆らう人の戒めへの容易い順応は、他の何と同じほどに民を ruin のために熟させる。そして盲従的な不従順(もしそう呼べる)の罰は罪に答える。これのためにエフライムは抑圧され、さばきにおいて打ち砕かれ、そのすべての民政の権利と自由が破られ、踏みつけられたから。(1.)神にとってそれは正当である。神の財産を裏切る者が自分のものを失い、良心を infallible な裁判官、恣意的な権力に服させる者が、その両方を十分に持つ。(2.)事柄そのものにそれへの自然的傾向がある。進んで戒めに従って歩む者、それが神の命令に逆らって歩むときでさえ、戒めが侵すものであり、より多くの力が与えられるほど、より多くを要求することを見いだす。注意せよ。激しく猛烈な mastiff のような专 制に、おもねり、へつらう spaniel のような服従以上に大いなる利点を与えるものはない。このようにエフライムは抑圧され、さばきにおいて打ち砕かれる。すなわち、正義の顔と色の下で不当な扱いを受ける。注意せよ。いかなる民にとっても、正義が行われているという pretence の下で抑圧されることは悲しく、痛ましいさばきである。これはHo 5:9の脅しを説明する。「エフライムは責めの日に荒れ果てる」。注意せよ。大胆な罪人は責めの日が来ることを期待しなければならない。そして彼らのすべてのものとすべての希望の慰めを奪うような責めの日が。
III. 神がユダとエフライムの双方に取られる異なる方法。時に一つの方法、時に他の方法、時に両方を共に。あるいはむしろ、まず一方を、次に他方を、完全な ruin に向けて進める。
1. より小さいさばしから始められる。それは時に静かに、知られずに働く(Ho 5:12)。「わたしは(すなわち、わたしの摂理は)エフライムには蛾のようになる」。いや(補うべきであるが)、「彼らはエフライムにとって蛾のようである」。それはHo 5:13でエフライムが今見ているような病だから。注意せよ。神のさばきは時に罪深い民にとって蛾、腐り、あるいは虫のようである。前者は衣に発生する小さな動物を意味し、後者は木に発生するものを意味する。これらが衣と木を消費するように、神のさばきは彼らを消費する。(1.)静かに。世に騒ぎを立てないほど。いや、彼ら自身がそれを感じないほど。安全で繁栄していると思う。しかし自分の状態をより詳しく調べると、衰え、減衰しているのを見いだす。(2.)ゆっくりと、長い遅延と間隔をもって。彼らに悔い改めの余地を与えるために。多くの国民が、多くの人がそうであるように、その時の全盛期に消耗で死ぬ。(3.)段階的に。神は小さいさばしをもって罪人に来られ、もし彼らが賢く、警告を取れば、より大いなるものを防ぐために。彼らが滅びることを望まれないことを示すために、一歩一歩来られる。(4.)蛾は衣に、虫あるいは腐りは木に発生する。このように罪人は自分で点火した火によって消費される。
2. それらがそのわざをしないことが現れたとき、より大いなるもので彼らに来られる(Ho 5:14)。「わたしはエフライムには獅子のようになり、ユダの家には若い獅子のようになる」。ヤコブの祝福においてユダ自身が獅子の子であるにもかかわらず。誰かが、彼が蛾のようであったと言われたのでその力が弱まったと思うかもしれない。彼は今彼らに獅子のようになると言われる。そのほえる声で彼らを怖がらせるためだけでなく、引き裂くために。注意せよ。もし小さいさばきがそのわざをするのに勝たないなら、神がより大いなるものを送られることが期待できる。キリストは時にユダの部族の獅子であり、ここではその部族に逆らう獅子である。罪において安全な民に神がすることを見よ。「わたし、わたしこそ引き裂く」。彼はそれを自分の特権として誇るようである。破壊する力を。唯一の立法者として(Jam 4:12)。「わたし、わたしこそわざを自分の手に取る。わたしはそれを言う。それをする者」。あるさばきにおいて他よりも神の直接的なわざがある。「わたしは引き裂き、去る」。彼は去る。(1.)彼らを恐れないように。獅子が獲物から去るように、威厳をもって、荘厳な顔で去る。(2.)彼らを助けないように。もし神が苦しむ摂理によって引き裂き、それでもその恵みと慰めによってわたしたちと留まるなら、それは十分である。しかし彼が引き裂き**去るなら、わたしたちの状態は実に悲しい。被造物の慰めを奪うとき、彼ご自身がわたしたちから去られるなら。彼が去られるとき、すべての価値ある、いとしいものを取り去られる。神が去られるとき、すべての良いものが共に去るから。彼は取り去り、だれも彼を救い出せない。獲物が獅子から救い出せないように(Mic 5:8)。注意せよ。神の義の手から救い出される者は、神の恵みの手に渡される者だけである。人がその造り主と争うのは無駄である。
IV. これらの異なる方法の異なる効果。1. 神が小さいさばしによって彼らと論じられたとき、彼らは神を無視し、救いのために被造物に求めた。しかし無駄に(Ho 5:13)。神が彼らにとって蛾、腐りであったとき、彼らはその病と傷を感じた。しばらくして坂を下っているのを見いだし、事柄において後れを取り、その財産が感じられるほど減衰しているのを見て、そのときアッスリヤに遣わした。助けに来てもらうために。王ヤレブに求愛した。ある者はプル、あるいはテグラテ・ピレセル、アッスリヤの王たちの名の一つと考える。イスラエルとユダの双方がその苦境で救いのために彼にすがった。彼らとの同盟によって衰退する利益を修理し、再建することを望んだ。注意せよ。肉的な心は悩みの時にその病を見、その傷を見る。しかしその原因である罪を見ず、それを認めるに導かれない。いや、神の手、その力強い手を認めず、ましてその義なる手を認めない。それゆえ、救える造り主に最も近い道を行く代わりに、何の役にも立たない被造物に行くために多くの骨折りをする。その罪によって神を怒らせたことを悔い改めない者は、苦境において彼に負いたがらない。むしろ彼以外のどこにでも救いを求める。そして結果は何か。「しかし彼はあなたがたをいやせず、あなたがたの傷を治せなかった」。注意せよ。神を無視し、救いのために被造物に求める者は確実に失望する。それらに支えを頼る者は、基礎ではなく折れた葦を見いだす。それらに供給を頼る者は、泉ではなく砕いた水ためを見いだす。それらに慰めと cure を頼る者は、惨めな慰め者と価値のない医者を見いだす。ユダとイスラエルが求めたアッスリヤの王たちは、彼らを苦しめ、助けなかった(2Ch 28:16,28)。ある者は王ヤレブを大いなる、有力な、あるいは荘厳な王を意味するとする。彼らがその力に多くを築いたから。他の者は論じる王、あるいは論じるべき王とする。彼らがその知恵と雄弁に多くを築き、その事柄に関心を持つことに。彼らは彼に贈り物を送った(Ho 10:6)。良い fee を。そして彼を counsel として retain したので、その忠誠を疑わなかった。しかしそれは肉の腕がそれに信頼する者にするように、彼らを欺いた(Jer 17:5,6)。2. 彼らの愚かさを確信させるために、神がより大いなるさばしをもたらされたとき、そのとき彼らはついに彼にすがることを強いられる(Ho 5:15)。彼が獅子として引き裂いたとき。(1.)彼は彼らを残す。「わたしは行って、わたしの場所に帰る」。天に、あるいは恵みの座に、恵みの御座に。それは彼の栄光である。神が罪人を罰されるとき、彼はその場所から出て来られる(Isa 26:21)。しかしその人々のために恵みを計画されるとき、その場所に帰られる。そこで彼は彼らの服従の上に恵まれるために待つ。あるいは彼が彼らを正されたとき、彼らに顧みないように、彼らから顔を隠し、彼らの悩みや祈りに気づかれないようにその場所に帰られる。そしてこれは彼らのさらなるへりくだりのために。彼らがいくらか彼の恵みの返りにふさわしくなるまで。(2.)彼はついに彼らの上に働き、その苦境によって彼らを彼ご自身に帰らせる。それが彼が待つことである。そしてそのとき彼らからもはや退かれない。ここに彼らの立ち返りの例として二つのことが記される。[1.] 罪の悔い改めの告白。「彼らがその背きを認めるまで」。欄外は彼らが有罪となるまで。すなわち、彼らがその罪を感じ、それを認め、そのために神の前にへりくだるに導かれるまで。注意せよ。人がその苦境よりもその罪を多く訴え始めるとき、彼らについていくらかの望みが始まる。そしてこれが神がわたしたちに求められることである。正す御手の下にあるとき、わたしたちが過ちにあること、正当に正されることを認めること。[2.] 神の恵みのためのへりくだった願い。「わたしの顔を求めるまで」。それは彼らが最後の極限に至らされ、他の助け主を無駄に試したとき、期待できる。彼らはその苦しみの中で早くわたしを求める。すなわち、勤勉に、切実に、大いなる熱心をもって。そしてもし彼らがこのように彼を求め、それに真誠であるなら、彼らがそれに導かれるまで長かったから、彼を遅く求めると呼ばれるかもしれないが、まだ遅すぎない。いや、彼はそれを早く求めると呼ぶことを喜ばれる。立ち返るにおいて真の悔い改め者の最善を喜んで作るほどに。注意せよ。罪の確信とむちの正しの下にあるとき、わたしたちの務めは神の顔を求めることである。神の知識と交わりを慕い、神がわたしたちに、わたしたちのためにご自身を現されること、わたしたちと平和であることのしるしとして。そして苦境が長く迷い出て、遠く離れていた者を神に連れてくることが期待できる。それゆえ神はしばらくわたしたちから顔を背け、わたしたちをご自身に向け、そしてわたしたちに帰られる。あなたがたの中で苦しむ者がいるか。彼は祈れ。
영문 원문
Threatenings of Judgment (758 BC)
⁸ Blow ye the cornet in Gibeah, and the trumpet in Ramah: cry aloud at Beth-aven, after thee, O Benjamin.
⁹ Ephraim shall be desolate in the day of rebuke: among the tribes of Israel have I made known that which shall surely be.
¹⁰ The princes of Judah were like them that remove the bound: therefore I will pour out my wrath upon them like water.
¹¹ Ephraim is oppressed and broken in judgment, because he willingly walked after the commandment.
¹² Therefore will I be unto Ephraim as a moth, and to the house of Judah as rottenness.
¹³ When Ephraim saw his sickness, and Judah saw his wound, then went Ephraim to the Assyrian, and sent to king Jareb: yet could he not heal you, nor cure you of your wound.
¹⁴ For I will be unto Ephraim as a lion, and as a young lion to the house of Judah: I, even I, will tear and go away; I will take away, and none shall rescue him.
¹⁵ I will go and return to my place, till they acknowledge their offence, and seek my face: in their affliction they will seek me early.
Here is, I. A loud alarm sounded, giving notice of judgments coming (Ho 5:8): Blow you the cornet in Gibeah and in Ramah, two cities near together in the confines of the two kingdoms of Judah and Israel, Gibeah a frontier-town of the kingdom of Judah, Ramah of Israel; so that the warning is hereby sent into both kingdoms. "Cry aloud at Beth-aven, or Bethel, which place seems to be already seized upon by the enemy, and therefore the trumpet is not sounded there, but you hear the outcries of those that shout for mastery, mixed with theirs that are overcome." Let them cry aloud, "After thee, O Benjamin! comes the enemy. The tribe of Ephraim is already vanquished, and the enemy will be upon thy back, O Benjamin! in a little time; thy turn comes next. The cup of trembling shall go round." The prophet had described God's controversy with them as a trial at law (Ho 4:1); here he describes it as a trial by battle; and here also when he judges he will overcome. Let all therefore prepare to meet their God. He had before spoken of the judgments as certain; here he speaks of them as near; and, when they are apprehended as just at the door, they are very startling and awakening. The blowing of this cornet is explained, Ho 5:9. Among the tribes of Israel have I made known that which shall surely be, that which is true or certain, so the word is. Note, The destruction of impenitent sinners is a thing which shall surely be; it is not mere talk, to frighten them, but it is an irrevocable sentence. And it is a mercy to us that it is made known to us, that we have timely warning given us of it, that we may flee from the wrath to come. It is the privilege of the tribes of Israel that, as they are told their duty, so they are told their danger, by the oracles of God committed to them.
II. The ground of God's controversy with them. 1. He has a quarrel with the princes of Judah, because they were daring leaders in sin, Ho 5:10. They are like those that remove the bound, or the ancient land-marks. God has given them his law, to be a fence about his own property; but they have sacrilegiously broken through it, and set it aside; they have encroached even upon God's rights, have trampled upon the distinctions between good and evil, and the most sacred obligations of reason and equity, thinking, because they were princes, that they might do any thing, Quicquid libet, licet—Their will was a law. Or it may be understood of their invading the liberty and property of the subject for the advancing of the prerogative, which was like removing the ancient land-marks. Some have observed that the princes of Judah were more absolute, and assumed a more arbitrary power, than the princes of Israel did; now, for this, God has a controversy with them: I will pour out my wrath upon them like water, in great abundance, like the waters of the flood, which were poured upon the giants of the old world, for the violence which the earth was filled with through them, Ge 6:13. Note, There are bounds which even princes themselves must not remove, bounds both of religion and justice, which they are limited by, and, if they break through them, they must know that there is a God above them that will call them to account for it. 2. He has a quarrel with the people of Ephraim, because they were sneaking followers in sin (Ho 5:11): He willingly walked after the commandment, that is, the commandment of Jeroboam and the succeeding kings of Israel, who obliged all their subjects by a law to worship the calves at Dan and Bethel, and never to go up to Jerusalem to worship. This was the commandment; it was the law of the land, and backed with reasons of state; and the people not only walked after it in a blind implicit obedience to authority, but they willingly walked after it, from a secret antipathy they had to the worship of idols. Note, An easy compliance with the commandments of men that thwart the commandments of God ripens a people for ruin as much as any thing. And the punishment of the sequacious disobedience (if I may so call it) answers to the sin; for it is for this that Ephraim is oppressed and broken in judgment, has all his civil rights and liberties broken in upon and trodden down; and, (1.) It is just with God that it should be so, that those who betray God's property should lose their own, that those who subject their consciences to an infallible judge, and an arbitrary power, should have enough of both. (2.) There is a natural tendency in the thing itself towards it. Those that willingly walk after the commandment, even when it walks contrary to the command of God, will find the commandment an encroaching thing, and that the more power is given it the more it will claim. Note, Nothing gives greater advantage to a mastiff-like tyranny, that is fierce and furious, than a spaniel-like submission, that is fawning and flattering. Thus is Ephraim oppressed and broken in judgment, that is, he is wronged under a face and colour of right. Note, It is a sad and sore judgment upon any people to be oppressed under pretence of having justice done them. This explains the threatening Ho 5:9, Ephraim shall be desolate in the day of rebuke. Note, Daring sinners must expect that a day of rebuke will come, and such a day of rebuke as will make them desolate, will deprive them of the comfort of all they have and all they hope for.
III. The different methods that God would take both with Judah and Ephraim, sometimes one method and sometimes the other, and sometimes both together, or rather by which, first the one and then the other, he would advance towards their complete ruin.
1. He would begin with less judgments, which should sometimes work silently and insensibly (Ho 5:12): I will be (that is, my providences shall be) unto Ephraim as a moth; nay (as it might better be supplied), they are unto Ephraim as a moth, for it is such a sickness as Ephraim now sees, Ho 5:13. Note, The judgments of God are sometimes to a sinful people as a moth, and as rottenness, or as a worm. The former signifies the little animals that breed in clothes, the latter those that breed in wood; as these consume the clothes and the wood, so shall the judgments of God consume them. (1.) Silently, so as not to make any noise in the world, nay, so as they themselves shall not be sensible of it; they shall think themselves safe and thriving, but, when they come to look more narrowly into their state, shall find themselves wasting and decaying. (2.) Slowly, and with long delays and intervals, that he may give them space to repent. Many a nation, as well as many a person, in the prime of its time, dies of a consumption. (3.) Gradually. God comes upon sinners with less judgments, so to prevent greater, if they will be wise and take warning; he comes upon them step by step, to show he is not willing that they should perish. (4.) The moth breeds in the clothes, and the worm or rottenness in the wood; thus sinners are consumed by a fire of their own kindling.
2. When it appeared that those had not done their work he would come upon them with greater (Ho 5:14): I will be unto Ephraim as a lion, and to the house of Judah as a young lion, though Judah is himself, in Jacob's blessing, a lion's whelp. Lest any should think his power weakened, because he was said to be as a moth to them, he says that he will now be as a lion to them, not only to frighten them with his roaring, but to pull them to pieces. Note, If less judgments prevail not to do their work, it may be expected that God will send greater. Christ is sometimes a lion of the tribe of Judah, here he is a lion against that tribe. See what God will do to a people that are secure in sin: Even I will tear. He seems to glory in it, as his prerogative, to be able to destroy, as the alone lawgiver, Jam 4:12. "I, even I, will take the work into my own hands; I say it that will do it." There is a more immediate work of God in some judgments than in others. I will tear, and go away. He will go away, (1.) As not fearing them; he will go away in state, and with a majestic face, as the lion from his prey. (2.) As not helping them. If God tear by afflicting providences, and yet by his graces and comforts stays with us, it is well enough; but our condition is sad indeed if he tear and go away, if, when he deprives us of our creature comforts, he does himself depart from us. When he goes away he will take away all that is valuable and dear, for, when God goes, all good goes along with him. He will take away, and none shall rescue him, as the prey cannot be rescued from the lion, Mic 5:8. Note, None can be delivered out of the hands of God's justice but those that are delivered into the hands of his grace. It is in vain for a man to strive with his Maker.
IV. The different effects of those different methods. 1. When God contended with them by less judgments they neglected him, and sought to creatures for relief, but sought in vain, Ho 5:13. When God was to them as a moth, and as rottenness, they perceived their sickness and their wound; after a while they found themselves going down the hill, and that they were behind—hand in their affairs, their estate was sensibly decaying, and then they sent to the Assyrian, to come in to their assistance, made their court to king Jareb, which some think, was one of the names of Pul, or Tiglathpileser, kings of Assyria, to whom both Israel and Judah applied for relief in their distress, hoping by an alliance with them to repair and re-establish their declining interests. Note, Carnal hearts, in time of trouble, see their sickness and see their wound, but do not see the sin that is the cause of it, nor will be brought to acknowledge that, no, nor to acknowledge the hand of God, his mighty hand, much less his righteous hand, in their trouble; and therefore, instead of going the next way to the Creator, who could relieve them, they take a great deal of pains to go about to creatures, who can do them no service. Those who repent not that they have offended God by their sins are loth to be beholden to him in their afflictions, but would rather seek relief any where than with him. And what is the consequence? Yet could he not heal you, nor cure you of your wound. Note, Those who neglect God, and seek to creatures for help, will certainly be disappointed; those who depend upon them for support will find them, not foundations, but broken reeds; those who depend upon them for supply will find them, not fountains, but broken cisterns; those who depend upon them for comfort and a cure will find them miserable comforters, and physicians of no value. The kings of Assyria, whom Judah and Israel sought unto, distressed them and helped them not, 2Ch 28:16,28. Some make king Jareb to signify the great, potent, or magnificent king, for they built much upon his power; others the king that will plead, or should plead, for they built much upon his wisdom and eloquence, and in his interesting himself in their affairs. They had sent him a present (Ho 10:6), a good fee, and, having so retained him of counsel for them, they doubted not of his fidelity to them; but he deceived them, as an arm of flesh does those that trust in it, Jer 17:5,6. 2. When, to convince them of their folly, God brought greater judgments upon them, then they would at length be forced to apply to him, Ho 5:15. When he has torn as a lion, (1.) He will leave them: I will go and return to my place, to heaven, or to the mercy-seat, the throne of grace, which is his glory. When God punishes sinners he comes out of his place (Isa 26:21); but, when he designs them favour, he returns to his place, where he waits to be gracious, upon their submission. Or he will return to his place when he has corrected them, as not regarding them, hiding his face from them, and not taking notice of their troubles or prayers; and this for their further humiliation, till they are qualified in some measure for the returns of his favour. (2.) He will at length work upon them, and bring them home to himself, by their afflictions, which is the thing he waits for; and then he will no longer withdraw from them. Two things are here mentioned as instances of their return:— [1.] Their penitent confession of sin: Till they acknowledge their offence; marg. Till they be guilty, that is, till they be sensible of their guilt, and be brought to own it, and humble themselves before God for it. Note, When men begin to complain more of their sins than of their afflictions then there begins to be some hope of them; and this is that which God requires of us, when we are under his correcting hand, that we own ourselves in a fault and justly corrected. [2.] Their humble petition for the favour of God: Till they seek my face, which, it may be expected, they will do when they are brought to the last extremity, and they have tried other helpers in vain. In their affliction they will seek me early, that is, diligently and earnestly, and with great importunity; and if they seek him thus, and be sincere in it, though it might be called seeking him late, because it was long ere they were brought to it, yet it is not too late, nay, he is pleased to call it seeking him early, so willing is he to make the best of true penitents in their return to him. Note, When we are under the convictions of sin, and the corrections of the rod, our business is to seek God's face; we must desire the knowledge of him, and an acquaintance with him, that he may manifest himself to us, and for us, in token of his being at peace with us. And it may reasonably be expected that affliction will bring those to God that had long gone astray from him, and kept at a distance. Therefore God for a time turns away from us, that he may turn us to himself, and then return to us. Is any among you afflicted? Let him pray.
この章の目的は前の章のそれと同じであり、イスラエルとユダの双方の罪を暴き、彼らに対する神のさばきを宣告することである。I. 彼らは告訴に聞くよう呼ばれる(Ho 5:1,8)。II. 彼らは多くの罪で告発され、それらはここで加重される。1. 迫害(Ho 5:1,2)。2. 霊的な姦淫(Ho 5:3,4)。3. 高ぶり(Ho 5:5)。4. 神からの背教(Ho 5:7)。5. 君たちの専制と、それに服する民の従順さ(Ho 5:10,11)。III. 彼らはその罪のゆえに神の不快感を脅される。神はそのすべての悪を知っており(Ho 5:3)、そのために彼らに対する怒りを知らされる(Ho 5:9)。1. 彼らはその不義の中に倒れる(Ho 5:5)。2. 神は彼らを見捨てられる(Ho 5:6)。3. 彼らの分け前は食い尽くされる(Ho 5:7)。4. 神は彼らを責め、その怒りを彼らの上に注がれる(Ho 5:9,10)。5. 彼らは圧迫される(Ho 5:11)。6. 神は隠れたさばきにおいて彼らに蛾のようになり(Ho 5:12)、公のさばきにおいて獅子のようになる(Ho 5:14)。IV. 彼らはその苦しみの下で取った誤った道を非難される(Ho 5:13)。V. 彼らがついに正しい道を取ることが示唆される(Ho 5:15)。これらのことがこのように一般的に表現されているほど、わたしたちの学びのために、特に訓戒のために、より一般的な用をなす。