Comentário do capítulo
Ecclesiastes Capítulo 5
서론
Ecclesiastes 5 Introduction
简体中文
Original em inglês
The Preacher now begins to address his hearer in the second person. The soliloquy, hitherto unbroken, is henceforth interrupted by personal addresses, which are repeated with increasing frequency from this place to the end of the book. They who divide the whole book into two parts (the first theoretical, the second practical) begin the second division here.
There is a striking resemblance between the line of thought pursued in this book and that of Asaph in Psalm 73. As the Psalmist, so the Preacher, after setting forth iris view of human life, takes his hearer into the house of God for an explanation and directions. If the expression "goest to the house of God" Ecclesiastes 5:1 has also the spiritual sense of entering into communion with God, Solomon here admonishes generally that reverence is due to God, and particularly that the "vanity" which is mingled with the "portion" that God assigns to every man, ought to be treated as a divine mystery, not to be made an occasion of idle thought, hasty words, and rash resolutions, but to be considered in the fear of God Ecclesiastes 5:1-7; that the spectacle of unjust oppression is to be patiently referred to God's supreme judgment Ecclesiastes 5:8-9; that mere riches are unsatisfying, bring care with them, and if hoarded are transitory Ecclesiastes 5:10-17; and that a man's enjoyment of his portion in life, including both labor and riches, is the gift of God Ecclesiastes 5:18-20.
1
Ecclesiastes 5:1
简体中文
“谨慎脚步”——即要把心思放在你将要做的事上。
“神的殿”——有人说，换作一位普通而虔诚的希伯来作者，此处或许会称之为“耶和华的殿”；但对于接受本书为所罗门陷入拜偶像之后之作的人而言，作者避开立约之主的名，看来正是他自卑的自然标记，承认自己不配享有立约之子的特权（见 Ecclesiastes 1:13 注释）。
“近前听”——意思或许是：“为要听（并遵行）而近前来，胜过……”云云。
Original em inglês
Keep thy foot - i. e., Give thy mind to what thou art going to do.
The house of God - It has been said that here an ordinary devout Hebrew writer might have been expected to call it "the house of Yahweh;" but to those who accept this book as the work of Solomon after his fall into idolatry, it will appear a natural sign of the writer's self-humiliation, an acknowledgment of his unworthiness of the privileges of a son of the covenant, that he avoids the name of the Lord of the covenant (see Ecclesiastes 1:13 note).
Be more ready to hear - Perhaps in the sense that, "to draw near for the purpose of hearing (and obeying) is better than etc."
6
Ecclesiastes 5:6
简体中文
“不可任你的口……”（Suffer not thy mouth ...）——意即：不要许下轻率的愿，免得日后成为逃避与推诿的根由，至终不得履行。
“在天使面前”（Before the angel）——七十士译本及其他一些译本译作“在神面前”，意指一位代表神临在的属灵存在，一位执行神圣公义的使者（Exodus 23:21），正如那向大卫施行审判的（2 Samuel 24:17）。另有一些人——可能性较小——认为这位天使是祭司，并引 Malachi 2:7 为据。
Original em inglês
Suffer not thy mouth ... - i. e., Do not make rash vows which may hereafter be the cause of evasion and prevarication, and remain unfulfilled.
Before the angel - The Septuagint and some other versions render "before the face of God," meaning a spiritual being representing the presence of God, a minister of divine justice Exodus 23:21, such a one as inflicted judgment upon David 2 Samuel 24:17. Others, with less probability, understand the angel to be a priest, and refer to Malachi 2:7.
7
Ecclesiastes 5:7
简体中文
“因为……虚幻”（For ... vanities）——或作“因为事情正是因着许多的梦、许多的虚幻和许多的话而发生”。
Original em inglês
For ... vanities - Or, For so it happens through many dreams and vanities and many words.
8
Ecclesiastes 5:8
简体中文
“事情”（Matter）——更宜作“意旨”（正如旁注及 Ecclesiastes 3:1 的用法），或指神的旨意，或指欺压人之统治者的法令。
“因为……还有更高的”（For he ... they）——按字面是“因为高位者鉴察高位者，至高者鉴察他们”，即：京城里的王鉴察省中的审判官或总督，而神鉴察这两者。与将本段仅仅理解为指地上统治者的看法相比，这种解释似乎与前几节更为吻合，也更符合本段的主旨。
Original em inglês
Matter - Rather, purpose (as in the margin, and Ecclesiastes 3:1), referring either to the will of God or to the edict of an oppressive ruler.
For he ... they - literally, for high watches over high and the highest over them, i. e., the king in the capital watches over the judge or governor in the province, and God over both. This seems more in harmony with the preceding verses, and more agreeable to the scope of this passage than to understand the passage only of earthly rulers.
9
Ecclesiastes 5:9
简体中文
“君王也受田地的供应”（The king ...）——更宜作“君王也隶属于田地”，即仰赖于田地的耕种。较高的阶层若欺压较低的阶层，便因此失去自己生存的凭借。
Original em inglês
The king himself is served by the field - Rather, the king is subject to the field, i. e., is dependent on its cultivation. The higher ranks, if they oppress the lower, lose thereby their own means of subsistence.
11
Ecclesiastes 5:11
简体中文
“吃的人……”（They ... that eat them）——指所雇的工人和家中的仆役。
Original em inglês
They ... that eat them - i. e., The laborers employed, and the household servants.
12
Ecclesiastes 5:12
简体中文
“劳碌的人”（Labouring man）——不是指奴隶（如七十士译本所解），而是指每一个遵照神的命定、汗流满面赚取饮食的人。
Original em inglês
Labouring man - Not a slave (Septuagint), but everyone who, according to the divine direction, earns his bread in the sweat of his brow.
14
Ecclesiastes 5:14
简体中文
“遭祸患”（Evil travail）——指不利的变故，或失败的经营（参 Ecclesiastes 1:13；Ecclesiastes 4:8）。
Original em inglês
Evil travail - Adverse accident, or unsuccessful employment (compare Ecclesiastes 1:13; Ecclesiastes 4:8).
17
Ecclesiastes 5:17
简体中文
“多有忧愁……”（Hath much sorrow ...）——更宜作“甚是忧伤，且有痛苦与烦恼”。
Original em inglês
Hath much sorrow ... - Rather, is very sad and hath pain and vexation.
18
Ecclesiastes 5:18
简体中文
更宜作：“看哪，我所见为善的，就是人在吃喝中享乐。”这样存感谢的享受也是律法所谆谆教诲的（Deuteronomy 12:7、Deuteronomy 12:18）。
Original em inglês
Rather, Behold what I have seen to be good, it is pleasant for a man to eat. Such thankful enjoyment is inculcated by the Law Deuteronomy 12:7, Deuteronomy 12:18.
20
Ecclesiastes 5:20
简体中文
当他活在神恩眷的意识之中时，他的日子必平顺而愉快地度过。
“应允他”（Answereth him）——意即垂听他的祷告。
Original em inglês
The days will pass smoothly and pleasantly, while he lives in the consciousness of God's favor.
Answereth him - i. e., grants his prayers.
传道者从这时起，开始用第二人称向听者说话。迄今为止不曾中断的独白，从此被面对个人的劝勉所打断，而且这样的劝勉从此处到全书的末了，出现得越来越频繁。将全书分为两部分（第一部分为理论，第二部分为实践）的人，即以此处为第二部分的起点。
本书所循的思路与 Psalm 73 中亚萨的思路有惊人的相似。正如那诗篇作者一样，传道者在陈述了自己对人生的见解之后，也把听者带进神的殿，为要得着解释与指引。若说“你到神的殿去”（Ecclesiastes 5:1）这说法也含有进入与神相交之境的属灵意义，那么所罗门在此首先一般性地劝勉人当向神存敬畏；特别是，那混杂于神分给每人的“福分”之中的“虚妄”，应当当作属神的奥秘来对待，不可把它当作闲思妄念、急躁言语和轻率决断的借口，而要在敬畏神之中加以思量（Ecclesiastes 5:1-7）；不义欺压的景象，当忍耐地交托于神至高的审判（Ecclesiastes 5:8-9）；单有财富并不能使人满足，反带来忧虑，若只知囤积，更是转眼成空（Ecclesiastes 5:10-17）；而人在一生之中享受自己的福分——包括劳碌与财富——乃是神的恩赐（Ecclesiastes 5:18-20）。