Comentário do capítulo
Ecclesiastes Capítulo 8
서론
Ecclesiastes 8 Introduction
日本語
Original em inglês
Although in some degree baffled in his own pursuit of wisdom, Solomon yet regards wisdom as the nearest approach to "that good for man" which he is seeking; and presses here, as a part of that wisdom, a spirit of obedience Ecclesiastes 8:1-5. In the face of the incomprehensible course of external events, he determined to abide in the fear and trust of God Ecclesiastes 8:6-14, and to acknowledge the natural incompetence of every man to find out the unsearchable ways of God Ecclesiastes 8:15-17.
1
Ecclesiastes 8:1
日本語
そして、だれが（and who） − むしろ「知る者のようだ」と訳すべきである。知恵の持ち主は他の人々にまさる。知恵は彼の顔に穏やかさを与え、憂鬱や荒々しさの表情を取り去る（欄外参照を見よ）。
Original em inglês
And who - Rather, and as he who knoweth. The possessor of wisdom excels other people: it imparts serenity to his countenance, and removes the expression of gloom or fierceness (see the marginal reference).
2
Ecclesiastes 8:2
日本語
誓い――ソロモンが王位についた際、彼に献げられた忠誠の誓いを指す（1 Chronicles 29:24 の欄外参照）。
Original em inglês
Oath - A reference to the oath of allegiance taken to Solomon at his accession to the throne (the margin of 1 Chronicles 29:24).
3
Ecclesiastes 8:3
日本語
立つな（Stand not ...） − すなわち「反逆に固執してはならない」の意である。
Original em inglês
Stand not ... - i. e., "Do not persist in rebellion."
5
Ecclesiastes 8:5
日本語
感じる（Feel） − 文字通りには「知る」。その意味は次のとおりである。「命令（すなわち王のことば、Ecclesiastes 8:4）に従う者は、いかなる反逆の行為にも加担する者とはならない。そして、彼が知恵ある者であるならば、王の命令あるいは行いが、もし誤っているならば、神の時に、神のさばきによって正されるべきものであることを悟る（文字通りには「知る」）」。Ecclesiastes 3:11、Ecclesiastes 3:17 と比較せよ。
Original em inglês
Feel - literally, know. The meaning is, "He who obeys the commandment (i. e., the word of the king, Ecclesiastes 8:4), will not be an accomplice in any act of rebellion; and if he be a wise man he discerns (literally knows) that the king's commandment or action is liable to correction, if it be wrong, in God's time and by God's judgment." Compare Ecclesiastes 3:11, Ecclesiastes 3:17.
6
Ecclesiastes 8:6
日本語
それゆえ … のゆえに（Because, therefore） − あるいは、Ecclesiastes 8:7 と同様に「というのは」とも訳せる。
神の時とさばきとが王の目的や命令（Ecclesiastes 8:5）に対立しうるという可能性は、そのような不調和が、人（あるいは人類）に共通の悲惨（悪。Ecclesiastes 6:1）であるという考えを起こさせる。
Original em inglês
Because, therefore - , Or, as in Ecclesiastes 8:7, "for."
The possibility of God's time and judgment being in opposition to a king's purpose or commandment Ecclesiastes 8:5, suggests the thought that such discord is a misery (evil, Ecclesiastes 6:1) common to man (or, mankind).
7
Ecclesiastes 8:7
日本語
いつ（When） − あるいは、欄外のとおりに読む。この節の意味については、欄外の参照箇所と比較せよ。
Original em inglês
When - Or, as in the margin. For the meaning of this verse, compare marginal references.
8
Ecclesiastes 8:8
日本語
彼には力がない（Neither hath he power） − むしろ「そして力はない」と訳すべきである。Ecclesiastes 3:19 と比較せよ。
免除はない（No discharge ...） − すなわち「生と死の間の最後の戦いの時から免除されることはない」の意である。
悪（Wickedness） − 悪者のいのちは延ばされることがあるとしても（Ecclesiastes 7:15）、悪そのものには、そのいのちを延ばす内在的な力はない。
Original em inglês
Neither hath he power - Rather: "and there is no power." Compare Ecclesiastes 3:19.
No discharge ... - i. e., "No exemption from the final hour of struggle between life and death."
Wickedness - Though the life of the wicked may be prolonged Ecclesiastes 7:15, yet wickedness itself has no inherent power to prolong that life.
9
Ecclesiastes 8:9
日本語
自分自身の害のために（To his own hurt） − あるいは「臣下の害のために」とも訳せる。ここで問題にされているのはやはり、知恵のない王の命令が、彼に従う知恵ある者の害となるまで従われる（Ecclesiastes 8:2）という場合である。
Original em inglês
To his own hurt - Or, "to the hurt of the subject." The case is still that of an unwise king whose command is obeyed Ecclesiastes 8:2 even to the hurt of the wise man who obeys him.
10
Ecclesiastes 8:10
日本語
すなわち、「私は、悪者（支配者たち）が葬られるのを見た。彼らは世に来て、聖なる所（権威とさばきの座。Deuteronomy 19:17、2 Chronicles 19:6）から去って行き、臣下に害をもたらすほどに支配していたその町で忘れられた。これ − 彼らの死と忘却 − は、彼らの分け前もまた空しいことを示している」。他の人々はこの節を次のように解釈する。「私は悪人たちが葬られるのを見た。そして（ほかの者たちが）世に来て、聖なる所から世を去り、正しく行っていたその町で忘れられた」（2 Kings 7:9 と比較せよ）。
Original em inglês
i. e., "I saw wicked (rulers) buried, who came into the world and went from the Holy place (the seat of authority and justice, Deuteronomy 19:17; 2 Chronicles 19:6), and they were forgotten in the city where they had so ruled to the hurt of their subjects: this - their death and oblivion - shews their lot also to be vanity." Others interpret the verse: "I have seen wicked men buried; and (others) came into the world, and from the Holy place they went out of the world, and were forgotten in the city where they had done rightly" (compare 2 Kings 7:9).
12
Ecclesiastes 8:12
日本語
Ainda sem tradução.
Original em inglês
His days be prolonged - i. e., in his wickedness Ecclesiastes 8:8.
"I" is emphatic, as if to mark the opposition to the "sons of men" Ecclesiastes 8:11.
14
Ecclesiastes 8:14
日本語
Ainda sem tradução.
Original em inglês
Which is done upon the earth - The instance of vanity, to which these words are applied, is the seeming inequality of God's justice; but if they are considered in connection with the profession of personal faith in God's absolute justice Ecclesiastes 8:12, the conclusion is irresistible, that, whatever reason the Preacher had for reserve in declaring his belief, he certainly looked forward to final judgment in a future state of existence (compare Ecclesiastes 3:17; Ecclesiastes 12:14).
15
Ecclesiastes 8:15
日本語
Ainda sem tradução.
Original em inglês
Mirth - Better, Gladness, or "joy" (as in Ecclesiastes 2:10). The Hebrew word is applied not only to the pleasures arising from the physical senses, but also frequently to religious joy. The sentiment of this verse is a frequent conclusion of the writer's personal experience (compare marginal references), and is unfairly charged with Epicureanism. The Preacher is careful to set forth pleasure as a gift from God, to be earned by labor, and received with thankfulness to the Giver, and to be accounted for to Him. His estimate of the pleasures of the senses is recorded in Ecclesiastes 7:2-6.
16
Ecclesiastes 8:16
日本語
Ainda sem tradução.
Original em inglês
These verses supplement Ecclesiastes 8:15 with the reflection that the man who goes beyond that limited sphere within which he can labor and be contented, and investigates the whole work of God, will find that his finite intelligence cannot grasp it.
Ecclesiastes 8:16
Business - Or, "travail" Ecclesiastes 1:13; Ecclesiastes 3:10. The sleeplessness noted probably refers to the writer himself.
ソロモンは、知恵の追求においてある程度挫折を味わったとはいえ、なお知恵を、自分の探し求めている「人にとっての善」に最も近い道とみなしている。そしてここで、その知恵の一部として従順の霊を力説する（Ecclesiastes 8:1-5）。理解しがたい外的事象の進行に直面して、彼は神を恐れ、神に信頼することにとどまる決意をしたのであり（Ecclesiastes 8:6-14）、神の探究しつくせない道を見出すことについては、すべての人が生まれつき無力であることを認める決意をしたのである（Ecclesiastes 8:15-17）。