Comentário do capítulo
1 Samuel Capítulo 30
1
1Sa 30:1-5.
繁體中文
Original em inglês
1Sa 30:1-5.
THE AMALEKITES SPOIL ZIKLAG.
1. Amalekites had invaded the south, and Ziklag, and smitten Ziklag--While the strength of the Philistine forces was poured out of their country into the plain of Esdraelon, the Amalekite marauders seized the opportunity of the defenseless state of Philistia to invade the southern territory. Of course, David's town suffered from the ravages of these nomad plunderers, in revenge for his recent raid upon their territory.
2
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2. 無論大小，沒有殺一個，卻都帶走——他們的行為看來與大衛的
(1Sa 27:11)
形成有利的對比。
但他們表面的仁慈並非出於人道考量。這可追溯到東方古老的戰爭慣例——攻取城池時，戰士被毫不留情地處死，但洗革拉當時沒有戰士。婦女和男童被留下作奴隸，老年人因年紀而獲免。
Original em inglês
2. they slew not any, either great or small, but carried them away--Their conduct seems to stand in favorable contrast to that of David
(1Sa 27:11).
But their apparent clemency did not arise from humane considerations. It is traceable to the ancient war usages of the East, where the men of war, on the capture of a city, were unsparingly put to death, but there were no warriors in Ziklag at the time. The women and boys were reserved for slaves, and the old people were spared out of respect to age.
3
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3節. 大衛和跟隨他的人到了那城，不料，城已燒毀. 這措辭暗示大火的煙仍可見，劫掠是不久前發生的。
Original em inglês
3. David and his men came to the city, and, behold, it was burned with fire--The language implies that the smoke of the conflagration was still visible, and the sacking very recent.
6
1Sa 30:6-15.
繁體中文
1Sa 30:6-15.
但大衛因神鼓勵而追趕他們。
6. 大衛甚是急迫——他有理由如此，不僅是為了自己個人的緣故
(1Sa 30:5)，
也是因為百姓對他激烈的大聲抗議和叛亂的威脅——因他使那地方如此毫無防備，以致他手下的家人成了敵人毫不抵抗的獵物。在如此出乎意料且廣泛的災禍——他被指責為間接成因——的壓力之下，任何受普通動機引導的其他首領的精神都會崩溃；
大衛卻倚靠耶和華他的神，心裡堅固——他的信心為他提供了內在的安慰與力量的資源，藉著他用烏陵所作適時的求問，他以下令立即追趕擄掠者來激發信心。
Original em inglês
1Sa 30:6-15.
BUT DAVID, ENCOURAGED BY GOD, PURSUES THEM.
6. David was greatly distressed--He had reason, not only on his own personal account
(1Sa 30:5),
but on account of the vehement outcry and insurrectionary threats against him for having left the place so defenseless that the families of his men fell an unresisting prey to the enemy. Under the pressure of so unexpected and widespread a calamity, of which he was upbraided as the indirect occasion, the spirit of any other leader guided by ordinary motives would have sunk;
but David encouraged himself in the LORD his God--His faith supplied him with inward resources of comfort and energy, and through the seasonable inquiries he made by Urim, he inspired confidence by ordering an immediate pursuit of the plunderers.
9
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9. 到了比梭溪——今作 Wady Gaza，是一條冬季涸流，位於迦薩以南不遠。河岸自然為因疲勞而不能繼續追趕的兵丁提供了方便的休息之處。
Original em inglês
9. came to the brook Besor--now Wady Gaza, a winter torrent, a little to the south of Gaza. The bank of a stream naturally offered a convenient rest to the soldiers, who, through fatigue, were unable to continue the pursuit.
11
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11-15. 他們在田間遇見一個埃及人，帶到大衛那裡——年老家生的奴隸通常受到極大的善待。但買來或擄來的奴隸必須自己照顧自己；因為若他軟弱或生病，主人會任他滅亡，而不願加重自己的負擔。這個埃及人似乎最近才落入一個亞瑪力人手中，而他的主人屬於襲擊洗革拉的搶劫隊伍，因此他能提供關於他們返回時所走路線的有用情報。
Original em inglês
11-15. they found an Egyptian in the field, and brought him to David--Old and homeborn slaves are usually treated with great kindness. But a purchased or captured slave must look to himself; for, if feeble or sick, his master will leave him to perish rather than encumber himself with any additional burden. This Egyptian seems to have recently fallen into the hands of an Amalekite, and his master having belonged to the marauding party that had made the attack on Ziklag, he could give useful information as to the course taken by them on their return.
14
Sem título
繁體中文
14. 基利提人——即非利士人
(Eze 25:16; Zep 2:5)。
Original em inglês
14. the Cherethites--that is, the Philistines
(Eze 25:16; Zep 2:5).
15
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15. 你要指著神向我起誓——無論這些偶像崇拜的部族中是否仍存留著對獨一神的信仰，還是這埃及人想要以希伯來人所敬拜的神來約束大衛，雙方都認可誓言的莊嚴約束力。
Original em inglês
15. Swear unto me by God--Whether there was still among these idolatrous tribes a lingering belief in one God, or this Egyptian wished to bind David by the God whom the Hebrews worshipped, the solemn sanction of an oath was mutually recognized.
16
1Sa 30:16-31.
繁體中文
1Sa 30:16-31.
並奪回他的兩個妻子和一切掠物。
16. 他們散布在地上——他們相信大衛和他的戰士們都在遠方與非利士人的遠征軍在一起，自以為完全安全，放縱於各種野蠻的狂歡。在回答大衛敬虔求問時所作的應許
(1Sa 30:8)
應驗了。搶劫者被驚奇攻擊，恐慌萬分。大殺戮隨之而來——百姓和從洗革拉被奪走的掠物都被奪回，此外還有他們在廣泛的自由搶劫遠征中所收集的大量掠物。
Original em inglês
1Sa 30:16-31.
AND RECOVERS HIS TWO WIVES AND ALL THE SPOIL.
16. they were spread abroad upon all the earth--Believing that David and all his men of war were far away, engaged with the Philistine expedition, they deemed themselves perfectly secure and abandoned themselves to all manner of barbaric revelry. The promise made in answer to the devout inquiries of David
(1Sa 30:8)
was fulfilled. The marauders were surprised and panic-stricken. A great slaughter ensued--the people as well as the booty taken from Ziklag was recovered, besides a great amount of spoil which they had collected in a wide, freebooting excursion.
21
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繁體中文
21. 大衛到了那二百人那裡，他們疲乏不能跟隨——這筆意外獲得的掠物幾乎因一些隨從的自私貪婪而引起爭吵，如果不是因首領的謹慎而得以防範，可能會產生嚴重的後果；他制定為常設的法規——公平的規則——所有士兵都當同得一份（見
Nu 31:11；
見
Nu 31:25
的註釋)。
Original em inglês
21. David came to the two hundred men, which were so faint that they could not follow--This unexpected accession of spoil was nearly proving an occasion of quarrel through the selfish cupidity of some of his followers, and serious consequences might have ensued had they not been prevented by the prudence of the leader, who enacted it as a standing ordinance--the equitable rule--that all the soldiers should share alike (see
Nu 31:11;
see on
Nu 31:25).
26
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繁體中文
26. 大衛到了洗革拉，就從掠物中送些給猶大的長老——這是為了向猶大各城各村的首領表示感謝，因為在他多次流亡漂泊期間，他們曾供應他的需要。這是出於一顆善良感恩之心的驅使；而這份及時的慷慨之舉，結果使他的營中大幅增加了人數（見
1Ch 12:22）。
這些地方的名單顯示，在他本支派中，他能倚靠多少眾多而有影響力的擁護者〔1Sa 30:27-31〕。
Original em inglês
26. when David came to Ziklag, he sent of the spoil to the elders of Judah--This was intended as an acknowledgment to the leading men in those towns and villages of Judah which had ministered to his necessities in the course of his various wanderings. It was the dictate of an amiable and grateful heart; and the effect of this well-timed liberality was to bring a large accession of numbers to his camp
(1Ch 12:22).
The enumeration of these places shows what a numerous and influential party of adherents to his cause he could count within his own tribe
[1Sa 30:27-31].
撒上30:1-5。
亞瑪力人劫掠洗革拉。
1. 亞瑪力人已經侵奪南方，又侵奪洗革拉，擊打洗革拉——正當非利士軍力傾巢而出、開往耶斯列平原之時，亞瑪力的劫掠者趁著非利士無人防守的機會入侵南方領土。當然，大衛的城鎮因他最近襲擊他們領土而遭到這些遊牧劫掠者的報復性蹂躪。