Comentário do capítulo
Amos Capítulo 6
1
Am 6:1-14.
简体中文
Original em inglês
Am 6:1-14.
DENUNCIATION OF BOTH THE SISTER NATIONS (ESPECIALLY THEIR NOBLES) FOR WANTON SECURITY--ZION, AS WELL AS SAMARIA: THREAT OF THE EXILE: RUIN OF THEIR PALACES AND SLAUGHTER OF THE PEOPLE: THEIR PERVERSE INJUSTICE.
1. named chief of the nations--that is, you nobles, so eminent in influence, that your names are celebrated among the chief nations [LUDOVICUS DE DIEU]. Hebrew, "Men designated by name among the first-fruits of the nations," that is, men of note in Israel, the people chosen by God as first of the nations
(Ex 19:5;
compare
Nu 24:20)
[PISCATOR].
to whom . . . Israel came--that is, the princes to whom the Israelites used to repair for the decision of controversies, recognizing their authority [MAURER]. I prefer to refer "which" to the antecedent "Zion" and "Samaria"; these were esteemed "chief" strongholds among the heathen nations "to whom . . . Israel came" when it entered Canaan;
Am 6:2
accords with this.
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2. 甲尼——位于底格里斯河东岸。一度强盛，但近来被亚述征服
（赛10:9；
约主前794年）。
哈马——被耶罗波安二世征服
（王下14:25）。
后来也被亚述征服
（王下18:34）。
参
摩6:14。
迦特——被乌西雅征服
（代下26:6）。
他们是否比这些国强——不。他们近日既已被征服，我用不着告诉你们他们并不强。然而他们曾经强过；却仍不能自卫抗敌。那么，你们对锡安山与撒玛利亚山之坚固所存的稳妥信心，何等虚空！祂分别取以色列东、北、南、西各方的城邑（参
鸿3:8）。
Original em inglês
2. Calneh--on the east bank of the Tigris. Once powerful, but recently subjugated by Assyria
(Isa 10:9;
about 794 B.C.).
Hameth--subjugated by Jeroboam II
(2Ki 14:25).
Also by Assyria subsequently
(2Ki 18:34).
Compare
Am 6:14.
Gath--subjugated by Uzziah
(2Ch 26:6).
be they better--no. Their so recent subjugation renders it needless for Me to tell you they are not. And yet they once were; still they could not defend themselves against the enemy. How vain, then, your secure confidence in the strength of Mounts Zion and Samaria! He takes cities respectively east, north, south, and west of Israel (compare
Na 3:8).
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3. 你们自己以为先知所预告的“灾祸之日”尚“遥远”，虽然他们明说那日子临近了
（结12:22、27）。
你们在心里把它推远，因此反而把强暴的欺压拉近，让它仿佛稳坐宝座般在你们中间掌权
（诗94:20）。
以为审判尚远的想法，历来都是罪人放纵行事的诱因
（传8:12、13； 太24:48）。
然而正是这种放纵，把他推得远远的恶日反而迫近了。“你们因纵欲过度而招致热病，却仍要把它推到远处”[加尔文（Calvin）]。
Original em inglês
3. Ye persuade yourselves that "the evil day" foretold by the prophets is "far off," though they declare it near
(Eze 12:22, 27).
Ye in your imagination put it far off, and therefore bring near violent oppression, suffering it to sit enthroned, as it were, among you
(Ps 94:20).
The notion of judgment being far off has always been an incentive to the sinner's recklessness of living
(Ec 8:12, 13; Mt 24:48).
Yet that very recklessness brings near the evil day which he puts far off. "Ye bring on fever by your intemperance, and yet would put it far off" [CALVIN].
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4.（见
摩2:8）。
象牙床——即以象牙装饰或镶嵌的床
（摩3:15）。
舒身躺卧——纵情享乐，自我放纵。
羊羔——从群中挑选最上等的，以满足主人的私欲。
Original em inglês
4. (See
Am 2:8).
beds of ivory--that is, adorned, or inlaid, with ivory
(Am 3:15).
stretch themselves--in luxurious self-indulgence.
lambs out of the flock--picked out as the choicest, for their owners' selfish gratification.
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5. 唱——字面作“标出清晰的音响与音调”。
琴——即里拉琴或鲁特琴。
发明……乐器……如大卫——他们以为自己能与大卫的音乐技艺匹敌
（代上23:5； 尼12:36）。
他们以大卫的例子为自己的奢靡好乐辩护；却忘记他是在太平无事、远离危险之时，又为赞美神而研习音乐；他们却为满足自己，且是在神发怒、倾覆临头之时行这等事。
Original em inglês
5. chant--literally, "mark distinct sounds and tones."
viol--the lyre, or lute.
invent . . . instruments . . . like David--They fancy they equal David in musical skill
(1Ch 23:5; Ne 12:36).
They defend their luxurious passion for music by his example: forgetting that he pursued this study when at peace and free from danger, and that for the praise of God; but they pursue for their own self-gratification, and that when God is angry and ruin is imminent.
6
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6. 用大碗喝酒——即用调酒所用的大器皿或盆；不满足于酒从大调酒器倒出后所常用的小杯。
上等的膏油——即最贵重的：非为健康或洁净，乃为奢靡放纵。
不为约瑟的苦难担忧——字面作“破口”，即国家的创伤或灾祸
（诗60:2； 结34:4），
即约瑟家
（摩5:6）
的；他们在此与他们的先祖雅各众子相似——当年约瑟被丢在坑里，他们却“吃饼”，随后又把他卖给以实玛利人，毫无怜恤之心。
Original em inglês
6. drink . . . in bowls--in the large vessels or basins in which wine was mixed; not satisfied with the smaller cups from which it was ordinarily drunk, after having been poured from the large mixer.
chief ointments--that is, the most costly: not for health or cleanliness, but wanton luxury.
not grieved for the affliction of Joseph--literally, "the breach," that is, the national wound or calamity
(Ps 60:2; Eze 34:4)
of the house of Joseph
(Am 5:6);
resembling in this the heartlessness of their forefathers, the sons of Jacob, towards Joseph, "eating bread" while their brother lay in the pit, and then selling him to Ishmaelites.
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7. 所以这些人必在被掳的人中首先被掳去——他们既在百姓中位居首席
（摩6:1），
又用“上等的膏油”抹身
（摩6:6），
照样他们在被掳的人中也必列在最前。
宴乐——字面作“纵酒狂欢者的欢呼”，源出一个阿拉伯文字根，意为“呼叫”。希伯来文作 marzeach；此处暗指mizraqu，“碗”
（摩6:6）。
舒身的人——指躺在奢华床榻上的人
（摩6:4）。
Original em inglês
7. Therefore . . . shall they go captive with the first--As they were first among the people in rank
(Am 6:1),
and anointed themselves "with the chief ointments"
(Am 6:6),
so shall they be among the foremost in going into captivity.
banquet--literally, the "merry-making shout of revellers"; from an Arabic root, "to cry out." In the Hebrew, marzeach; here, there is an allusion to mizraqu, "bowls"
(Am 6:6).
them that stretched themselves--on luxurious couches
(Am 6:4).
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8. 雅各的荣耀——
（诗47:4）。
即圣所，那是立约之民最大的荣耀[瓦塔布尔（Vatablus）]，
（结24:21）。
即神赐给他们的祭司职任、国度与尊荣。神说，这些在祂眼中都不能挽回刑罚[加尔文（Calvin）]。
厌恶他的宫殿——因它们是“抢夺之物”的仓库
（摩3:10、15）。
与神对锡安城门
（诗87:2）
和宫殿
（诗48:3、13）
的喜爱相比，这是何等可悲的转变！其原因就是百姓的罪。
城——总称：包括锡安和撒玛利亚
（摩6:1）。
其中所有的——字面作“它的丰满”；即其中人和财物的众多（参
诗24:1）。
Original em inglês
8. the excellency of Jacob--
(Ps 47:4).
The sanctuary which was the great glory of the covenant-people [VATABLUS],
(Eze 24:21).
The priesthood, and kingdom, and dignity, conferred on them by God. These, saith God, are of no account in My eyes towards averting punishment [CALVIN].
hate his palaces--as being the storehouses of "robbery"
(Am 3:10, 15).
How sad a change from God's love of Zion's gates
(Ps 87:2)
and palaces
(Ps 48:3, 13),
owing to the people's sin!
the city--collectively: both Zion and Samaria
(Am 6:1).
all that is therein--literally, "its fulness"; the multitude of men and of riches in it (compare
Ps 24:1).
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9. 若有十个人
（利26:26； 亚8:23）
留在一间房子里（这是罕见的情形，只有在分散的村落中才有可能，因为城里几乎没有一家人会被仇敌留下），他们全都必死干瘟疫，瘟疫是东方战争中常见的并发症
（耶24:10；44:13； 结6:11）。
Original em inglês
9. If as many as ten
(Le 26:26; Zec 8:23)
remain in a house (a rare case, and only in the scattered villages, as there will be scarcely a house in which the enemy will leave any), they shall all, to a man, die of the plague, a frequent concomitant of war in the East
(Jer 24:10; 44:13; Eze 6:11).
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10. 死者的叔叔——至亲有埋葬死者的责任
（创25:9；35:29； 士16:31）。
这人的亲属中再无更近的，只剩一位叔叔。
烧尸的人——即这叔叔，他同时也是烧尸的人（即“十个人”之一，
摩6:9）。
希伯来人通常以埋葬的方式处理死者。但在不得已的情形下也会用火葬，例如雅比斯基列人从伯珊城墙上取下扫罗和他三个儿子的尸体加以焚烧，免得他们被非利士人羞辱。此处也是如此，为防止传染。
骨头——即死者的身体
（创50:25）。
也许此处的用语暗指尸体瘦骨嶙峋的状态，几乎只剩皮包骨。
对在房屋尽边的人说——即对那十个人中仅存的屋内一人说[毛勒（Maurer）] （参注，见
赛14:13
注释）。
不要作声……不可……提……耶和华的名——那屋外之人得到答复，说除了所问的那一位以外再无别人时，便以为屋内存活的那人即将如常地向那救他免死之神表达敬虔的感恩；屋外之人便打断他：“不要作声！因为如今没有理由以赞美
（书23:7）
提耶和华的名”；因为你也必死；正如那十个人都要死到最后一人
（摩6:9；
参
摩8:3）。
从前你们以耶和华的名夸口，仿佛你们是祂特有的子民；如今你们却要闭口不言，一听见祂的名便战栗，因祂已与你们为敌，你们巴不得藏在祂面前
（启6:16）
[加尔文（Calvin）]。
Original em inglês
10. a man's uncle--The nearest relatives had the duty of burying the dead
(Ge 25:9; 35:29; Jud 16:31).
No nearer relative was left of this man than an uncle.
and he that burneth him--the uncle, who is also at the same time the one that burneth him (one of the "ten,"
Am 6:9).
Burial was the usual Hebrew mode of disposing of their dead. But in cases of necessity, as when the men of Jabesh-gilead took the bodies of Saul and his three sons from the walls of Beth-shan and burned them to save them from being insulted by the Philistines, burning was practised. So in this case, to prevent contagion.
the bones--that is, the dead body
(Ge 50:25).
Perhaps here there is an allusion in the phrase to the emaciated condition of the body, which was little else but skin and bones.
say unto him that is by the sides of the house--that is, to the only one left of the ten in the interior of the house [MAURER] (compare Note, see on
Isa 14:13).
Hold thy tongue . . . we may not . . . mention . . . the Lord--After receiving the reply, that none is left besides the one addressed, when the man outside fancies the man still surviving inside to be on the point, as was customary, of expressing devout gratitude to God who spared him, the man outside interrupts him, "Hold thy tongue! for there is not now cause for mentioning with praise
(Jos 23:7)
the name of Jehovah"; for thou also must die; as all the ten are to die to the last man
(Am 6:9;
compare
Am 8:3).
Formerly ye boasted in the name of Jehovah, as if ye were His peculiar people; now ye shall be silent and shudder at His name, as hostile to you, and as one from whom ye wish to be hidden
(Re 6:16),
[CALVIN].
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11. 必吩咐击打——祂一发出命令，便不能不成就
（赛55:11）。
祂单凭一句话便足以毁灭击打。
大屋……小屋——祂一概不放过，无论大小
（摩3:15）。
耶柔米（Jerome）把“大屋”解作以色列，“小屋”解作犹大：前者被粉碎成碎片或废墟，字面作“小水滴”；后者虽受了“裂口”或裂缝的损伤，有倒塌之虞，却仍蒙允许屹立。
Original em inglês
11. commandeth, and he will smite--His word of command, when once given, cannot but be fulfilled
(Isa 55:11).
His mere word is enough to smite with destruction.
great house . . . little house--He will spare none, great or small
(Am 3:15).
JEROME interprets "the great house" as Israel, and "the small house" as Judah: the former being reduced to branches or ruins, literally, "small drops"; the latter, though injured with "clefts" or rents, which threaten its fall, yet still permitted to stand.
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12. 你们既把“审判（公义）变为胆（毒），把……公义变为茵陈”（即又苦又毒），所行的便乖谬至极，如同有人在“磐石上使马奔跑”，或在那里“用牛耕种”[毛勒（Maurer）]一般。马和牛在磐石上无用，照样你们也不能行公义[格劳修斯（Grotius）]。你们阻挡了神恩惠的运行，因为你们如同一块硬磐石，祂的恩宠不能在其上流淌。“那不愿被开垦如田地的，必被弃如磐石”[加尔文（Calvin）]。
Original em inglês
12. In turning "judgment (justice) into gall (poison), and . . . righteousness into hemlock" (or wormwood, bitter and noxious), ye act as perversely as if one were to make "horses run upon the rock" or to "plough with oxen there" [MAURER]. As horses and oxen are useless on a rock, so ye are incapable of fulfilling justice [GROTIUS]. Ye impede the course of God's benefits, because ye are as it were a hard rock on which His favor cannot run. "Those that will not be tilled as fields, shall be abandoned as rocks" [CALVIN].
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13. 喜爱虚无的事——即喜爱你们空虚而短暂的财富。
我们岂不是凭自己的力量得了角吗——即获得了力量，足以征服邻邦
（王下14:25）。
“角”是力量的希伯来象征，因角是许多动物施展力量的工具
（诗75:10）。
Original em inglês
13. rejoice in a thing of naught--that is, in your vain and fleeting riches.
Have we not taken to us horns--that is, acquired power, so as to conquer our neighbors
(2Ki 14:25).
Horns are the Hebrew symbol of power, being the instrument of strength in many animals
(Ps 75:10).
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14. 从哈马口——这是入侵之军（如亚述）从北方进入以色列的入口；此处特别提出，因哈马刚被耶罗波安二世所征服
（摩6:2）。
不要因你们新得的城夸口，因为它要成为仇敌苦待你们的起点。与所罗门设宴时聚集的会众相比，这是何等可悲的对比——那次会众从这同一个哈马——以色列最北的边界——直到尼罗河——埃及的河——以色列最南的边界！
到亚拉巴的河——即汲沦溪，它流入耶利哥下方死海的北湾
（代下28:15），
是十支派的南界
（王下14:25，
“从哈马口直到亚拉巴的海”）[毛勒（Maurer）]。到尼罗河，它濒临阿拉伯的旷野，把埃及与迦南分隔[格劳修斯（Grotius）]。若本节包括犹大以及以色列（参
摩6:1，
“锡安”与“撒玛利亚”），格劳修斯（Grotius）的看法便正确； 且与
王上8:65
相符。
Original em inglês
14. from the entering in of Hamath--the point of entrance for an invading army (as Assyria) into Israel from the north; specified here, as Hamath had been just before subjugated by Jeroboam II
(Am 6:2).
Do not glory in your recently acquired city, for it shall be the starting-point for the foe to afflict you. How sad the contrast to the feast of Solomon attended by a congregation from this same Hamath, the most northern boundary of Israel, to the Nile, the river of Egypt, the most southern boundary!
unto the river of the wilderness--that is, to Kedron, which empties itself into the north bay of the Dead Sea below Jericho
(2Ch 28:15),
the southern boundary of the ten tribes
(2Ki 14:25,
"from the entering of Hamath unto the sea of the plain") [MAURER]. To the river Nile, which skirts the Arabian wilderness and separates Egypt from Canaan [GROTIUS]. If this verse includes Judah, as well as Israel (compare
Am 6:1,
"Zion" and "Samaria"), GROTIUS' view is correct; and it agrees with
1Ki 8:65.
摩6:1-14。
斥责两个姐妹之国 （尤其是他们的首领） 因放纵的安逸而自恃—— 撒玛利亚与锡安皆然： 被掳的威胁： 他们宫殿的败落与百姓的被杀： 他们乖僻的不义。
1. 列国之首——即你们这些首领，影响力如此巨大，以致你们的名字在列国之中被人传颂[路德维库·丢（Ludovicus de Dieu）]。希伯来文作“在列国的初熟果子中被点名的人”，即以色列中显赫的人物，因为以色列是神所拣选、列国之首的民
（出19:5；
参
民24:20）
[皮斯卡托（Piscator）]。
以色列家所归向的——即以色列人往常去找他们断定争讼、承认其权柄的首领[毛勒（Maurer）]。我更倾向于将“所归向”的先行词解为“锡安”和“撒玛利亚”；这两座城在以色列进迦南时“所归向的”外邦列国眼中，被视为“首要”的坚固城；
摩6:2
与此相符。