Comentário do capítulo
Deuteronomy Capítulo 18
1
De 18:1-8.
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Original em inglês
De 18:1-8.
THE LORD IS THE PRIESTS' AND THE LEVITES' INHERITANCE.
1. The priests the Levites . . . shall eat the offerings--As the tribe of Levi had no inheritance allotted them like the other tribes but were wholly consecrated to the priestly office, their maintenance was to arise from tithes, first-fruits, and certain portions of the oblations presented on the altar, which God having by express appointment reserved to Himself made over, after being offered, to His ministers.
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3. 祭司從百姓所當得的分乃是這——凡獻感恩祭或平安祭的
(利 7:31-33)
都要將胸和腿作為當得的份給祭司。此處則指定了"兩腮"（即頭部）和"胃"（古時視為美味）。但這究竟是一項新規定，還是舊律法的重申並增補細節，則不易斷定。
Original em inglês
3. this shall be the priest's due from the people--All who offered sacrifices of thanksgiving or peace offerings
(Le 7:31-33)
were ordered to give the breast and shoulder as perquisites to the priests. Here "the two cheeks" or head and "the maw" or stomach, deemed anciently a great dainty, are specified. But whether this is a new injunction, or a repetition of the old with the supplement of more details, it is not easy to determine.
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6-8. 利未人……心裡渴想而來——看來利未人從最早期就是輪班事奉的；但由於他們人數眾多，實際能被徵召服役的間隔頗長。然而，若有利未人受卓越敬虔之心所感，決意將自己全然、持續地奉獻於聖所的神聖職事，他便可實現其熱切的願望；他既被接納分擔工作，也就分擔薪酬。他或可有私產，但這並不構成扣留甚至減少他供養之理由，他要與其他事奉的祭司一樣得著供養。此規定的理由或原則顯而易見
(林前 9:13)。
同時，雖然為接納這樣熱心克己的職員提供了一切便利，但這種接納仍當在秩序中進行：他要"像他的眾弟兄一樣"事奉——即革順人隨革順人；米拉利人隨米拉利人；這樣已立的班次才不致紊亂。
Original em inglês
6-8. if a Levite . . . come with all the desire of his mind--It appears that the Levites served in rotation from the earliest times; but, from their great numbers, it was only at infrequent intervals they could be called into actual service. Should any Levite, however, under the influence of eminent piety, resolve to devote himself wholly and continually to the sacred duties of the sanctuary, he was allowed to realize his ardent wishes; and as he was admitted to a share of the work, so also to a share of the remuneration. Though he might have private property, that was to form no ground for withholding or even diminishing his claim to maintenance like the other ministering priests. The reason or principle of the enactment is obvious
(1Co 9:13).
At the same time, while every facility was afforded for the admission of such a zealous and self-denying officer, this admission was to be in an orderly manner: he was to minister "as all his brethren"--that is, a Gershonite with Gershonites; a Merarite with Merarites; so that there might be no derangement of the established courses.
9
De 18:9-14.
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申 18:9-14.
列國所行可憎惡的事當遠離。
9-14. 你……不可學那些國民行可憎惡的事——
(參 利 18:21;
利 19:26;
利 19:31;
利 20:4)。
儘管有這明確的命令，迦南人——尤其是非利士人——卻因他們的占卜和迷信之舉，成為以色列人不斷的網羅和絆腳石。
Original em inglês
De 18:9-14.
THE ABOMINATIONS OF THE NATIONS ARE TO BE AVOIDED.
9-14. thou shalt not learn to do after the abominations of those nations--(See on
Le 18:21;
Le 19:26;
Le 19:31;
Le 20:4).
In spite of this express command, the people of Canaan, especially the Philistines, were a constant snare and stumbling block to the Israelites, on account of their divinations and superstitious practices.
15
De 18:15-19.
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申 18:15-19.
當聽從基督這位先知。
15-19. 耶和華你的神要從你們弟兄中間給你興起一位先知——這應許插在上述禁令之後，或可應用（如某些人所為）於神所差遣、綿延不絕地教導、引導、警告祂百姓的那一系列真先知；從這個角度，其大意是："不必去求問占卜者和觀兆者，因為我必使你們享受神所設立先知的好處，而判斷其憑據的確切準則也已賜下"
(申 18:20-22)。
但這裡所應許的先知卓越地指向彌賽亞，因為唯有祂"像摩西"
(參 申 34:10)——
"在祂中保的職分上；在祂職事的特殊優美上；在祂所行神蹟的數目、種類和規模上；在祂與神親密無間的相交上；以及在祂作為新宗教時代創立者這一點上"。這預言在一千五百年後應驗，並被彼得
(徒 3:22, 23)
和司提反
(徒 7:37)
明確地應用到耶穌基督身上。
Original em inglês
De 18:15-19.
CHRIST THE PROPHET IS TO BE HEARD.
15-19. The Lord thy God will raise up unto thee a prophet--The insertion of this promise, in connection with the preceding prohibition, might warrant the application (which some make of it) to that order of true prophets whom God commissioned in unbroken succession to instruct, to direct, and warn His people; and in this view the purport of it is, "There is no need to consult with diviners and soothsayers, as I shall afford you the benefit of divinely appointed prophets, for judging of whose credentials a sure criterion is given"
(De 18:20-22).
But the prophet here promised was pre-eminently the Messiah, for He alone was "like unto Moses" (see on
De 34:10)
"in His mediatorial character; in the peculiar excellence of His ministry; in the number, variety, and magnitude of His miracles; in His close and familiar communion with God; and in His being the author of a new dispensation of religion." This prediction was fulfilled fifteen hundred years afterwards and was expressly applied to Jesus Christ by Peter
(Ac 3:22, 23),
and by Stephen
(Ac 7:37).
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19. 誰不聽從他奉我名所說的話，我必討誰的罪——不信基督、輕忽其使命的可畏後果，猶太人已在一千八百年間親身經歷。
Original em inglês
19. whosoever will not hearken unto my words which he shall speak in my name, I will require it of him--The direful consequences of unbelief in Christ, and disregard of His mission, the Jewish people have been experiencing during eighteen hundred years.
申 18:1-8.
耶和華是祭司和利未人的產業。
1. 祭司利未人……當吃祭物*——利未支派不像其他支派那樣獲分產業，而是全然奉獻於祭司職事，因此他們的供養要來自什一捐、初熟之果以及壇上祭物的某些部分——這些是神借明文指定保留歸己的，獻上之後便轉給祂的僕人。