Comentário do capítulo
Deuteronomy Capítulo 3
1
De 3:1-20.
简体中文
Original em inglês
De 3:1-20.
CONQUEST OF OG, KING OF BASHAN.
1. we turned, and went up the way to Bashan--Bashan ("fruitful" or "flat"), now El-Bottein, lay situated to the north of Gilead and extended as far as Hermon. It was a rugged mountainous country, valuable however for its rich and luxuriant pastures.
Og the king of Bashan came out against us--Without provocation, he rushed to attack the Israelites, either disliking the presence of such dangerous neighbors, or burning to avenge the overthrow of his friends and allies.
2
Sem título
简体中文
2. 耶和华对我说：不要怕他，因我已将他和他的众民，并他的地，都交在你手中——噩那巨人般的形像，以及他所能带到战场的庞大兵力，都不必使你们气馁；因为他既属那受注定要灭尽的族类，就注定要与西宏同遭命运
[民 21:25]。
Original em inglês
2. The Lord said unto me, Fear him not: for I will deliver him, and all his people, and his land, into thy hand--Og's gigantic appearance and the formidable array of forces he will bring to the field, need not discourage you; for, belonging to a doomed race, he is destined to share the fate of Sihon
[Nu 21:25].
3
Sem título
简体中文
3-8. 亚珥歌伯（Argob）是巴珊一个同名地区的首府，该地区连同同省其他五十九座城，都以高峻坚固的城墙著称。这是一场灭绝之战。房屋城邑被夷为平地；各阶层的人尽被刀杀；除了牲畜以外一无所留，大量牲畜成为征服者的战利品。这样，两个亚摩利王和他们全境的人口尽被剪除。约旦河以东的全国——南自亚嫩溪上游的丘陵草地，北至雅博溪；再往北是基列和巴珊的高山地带，从雅博深谷起——都归以色列人所有。
Original em inglês
3-8. Argob was the capital of a district in Bashan of the same name, which, together with other fifty-nine cities in the same province, were conspicuous for their lofty and fortified walls. It was a war of extermination. Houses and cities were razed to the ground; all classes of people were put to the sword; and nothing was saved but the cattle, of which an immense amount fell as spoil into the hands of the conquerors. Thus, the two Amorite kings and the entire population of their dominions were extirpated. The whole country east of the Jordan--first upland downs from the torrent of the Arnon on the south to that of the Jabbok on the north; next the high mountain tract of Gilead and Bashan from the deep ravine of Jabbok--became the possession of the Israelites.
9
Sem título
简体中文
9. 黑门——今之 Jebel-Es-Sheick——反黎巴嫩绵长的高峻山脉在其上终结的雄伟山岳。其山顶与两侧山脊几乎终年积雪。它与其说是一座高山，不如说是整簇山峰——巴勒斯坦最高的。据 1840 年英国政府工程师所测，海拔约 9376 英尺。既是山脉，难怪在不同地段从沿山麓的不同部族得到不同的名称——都指非凡的高度：黑门（Hermon）指高峻的山峰；"西连"（Sirion）或简称"西温"（Sion）
(申 4:48)，
意为"上耸、闪耀"；"示尼珥"（Shenir）意为"冰的闪耀胸甲"。
Original em inglês
9. Hermon--now Jebel-Es-Sheick--the majestic hill on which the long and elevated range of Anti-Lebanon terminates. Its summit and the ridges on its sides are almost constantly covered with snow. It is not so much one high mountain as a whole cluster of mountain peaks, the highest in Palestine. According to the survey taken by the English Government Engineers in 1840, they were about 9376 feet above the sea. Being a mountain chain, it is no wonder that it should have received different names at different points from the different tribes which lay along the base--all of them designating extraordinary height: Hermon, the lofty peak; "Sirion," or in an abbreviated form "Sion"
(De 4:48),
the upraised, glittering; "Shenir," the glittering breastplate of ice.
11
Sem título
简体中文
11. 利乏音人所剩下的，只有巴珊王噩——原文作"属利乏音人"。他并非最后的巨人，而是约旦河那边某一高大种族的最后残存者
(书 15:14)，
该种族据信是巴勒斯坦最古老的居民。
看哪，他的床是铁床——虽然东方平民的床不过是一张简单的褥子，床架却并非无人使用。富贵人家用之，且偏好铁制或其他金属，既为坚固耐久，也为防避温暖气候下木质家具常生的烦人虫类。以一肘为半码计，噩的床约长十三英尺半；由于床通常比睡者略大，这位亚摩利王身量可估为约十一至十二英尺；他也可能命人把床做得远超所需，正如亚历山大大帝为其每一名步兵所做的，为要给印度人留下其兵士非凡力量与身量的印象〔LE CLERC〕。
但噩的床怎会落在亚扪人的拉巴？对此问题的回答是：噩可能在交战前夕将床运到拉巴以求安全。也可能是摩西夺取之后，把它卖给了亚扪人；亚扪人将其作为古玩保留，直到大卫时代他们的京城被攻陷。这是一种极不可能的推测，且必须将本节后半句视为摩西时代很久以后才插入的窜文。为避免此说，一些著名批评学者将所译"床"的希伯来词解为"棺材"。他们认为巴珊王既在战中受伤，逃到拉巴，在那里去世并被埋葬；因此此处给出的是他"棺材"的尺寸〔DATHE、ROOS〕。
Original em inglês
11. only Og king of Bashan remained of the remnant of giants--literally, "of Rephaim." He was not the last giant, but the only living remnant in the trans-jordanic country
(Jos 15:14),
of a certain gigantic race, supposed to be the most ancient inhabitants of Palestine.
behold, his bedstead was a bedstead of iron--Although beds in the East are with the common people nothing more than a simple mattress, bedsteads are not unknown. They are in use among the great, who prefer them of iron or other metals, not only for strength and durability, but for the prevention of the troublesome insects which in warm climates commonly infest wood. Taking the cubit at half a yard, the bedstead of Og would measure thirteen and a half feet, so that as beds are usually a little larger than the persons who occupy them, the stature of the Amorite king may be estimated at about eleven or twelve feet; or he might have caused his bed to be made much larger than was necessary, as Alexander the Great did for each of his foot soldiers, to impress the Indians with an idea of the extraordinary strength and stature of his men [LE CLERC]. But how did Og's bedstead come to be in Rabbath, of the children of Ammon? In answer to this question, it has been said, that Og had, on the eve of engagement, conveyed it to Rabbath for safety. Or it may be that Moses, after capturing it, may have sold it to the Ammonites, who had kept it as an antiquarian curiosity till their capital was sacked in the time of David. This is a most unlikely supposition, and besides renders it necessary to consider the latter clause of this verse as an interpolation inserted long after the time of Moses. To avoid this, some eminent critics take the Hebrew word rendered "bedstead" to mean "coffin." They think that the king of Bashan having been wounded in battle, fled to Rabbath, where he died and was buried; hence the dimensions of his "coffin" are given [DATHE, ROOS].
12
Sem título
简体中文
12, 13. 那时我们所夺为业之地，从亚罗珥起……我已给了流便人和迦得人——西宏所占的全部领土分给了流便和迦得这两个牧养支派。它从亚嫩河北岸延伸到基列山南半部——基列是一条小山脉，今称 Djelaad，在雅博溪以南约六七英里，全长八英里。基列北部和巴珊丰美的牧场——这是一大省，除少数荒凉多石之处外，皆为肥沃的沃土——则分给了玛拿西半支派。
Original em inglês
12, 13. this land, which we possessed at that time, from Aroer . . . gave I unto the Reubenites and to the Gadites--The whole territory occupied by Sihon was parcelled out among the pastoral tribes of Reuben and Gad. It extended from the north bank of the Arnon to the south half of mount Gilead--a small mountain ridge, now called Djelaad, about six or seven miles south of the Jabbok, and eight miles in length. The northern portion of Gilead and the rich pasture lands of Bashan--a large province, consisting, with the exception of a few bleak and rocky spots, of strong and fertile soil--was assigned to the half-tribe of Manasseh.
14
Sem título
简体中文
14. 玛拿西的儿子睚珥占了亚珥歌伯全境——巴珊以北那个省的原住民，包括六十座城
(申 3:4)，
并未与噩同被灭绝，这民后来因睚珥的奋勇而被征服。这位属玛拿西支派的首领，按其本民牧养的习性，称这些新得的城镇为"睚珥的帐棚游牧村"。
直到今日——这一批注显然是由以斯拉，或某些敬虔、编排并搜集摩西各卷的人所加。
Original em inglês
14. Jair the son of Manasseh took all the country of Argob--The original inhabitants of the province north of Bashan, comprising sixty cities
(De 3:4),
not having been extirpated along with Og, this people were afterwards brought into subjection by the energy of Jair. This chief, of the tribe of Manasseh, in accordance with the pastoral habits of his people, called these newly acquired towns by a name which signifies "Jair's Bedouin Villages of Tents."
unto this day--This remark must evidently have been introduced by Ezra, or some of the pious men who arranged and collected the books of Moses.
15
Sem título
简体中文
15. 我将基列赐给玛吉——所赐给玛吉后裔的只是基列的一半
(申 3:12, 13)，
玛吉那时已经去世。
Original em inglês
15. I gave Gilead unto Machir--It was only the half of Gilead
(De 3:12, 13)
which was given to the descendants of Machir, who was now dead.
16
Sem título
简体中文
16. 从基列——即非指山区，而是指城拉末基列，
直到亚嫩溪谷的一半——"溪谷"一词指 wady，无论有水无水，正如亚嫩溪夏季干涸；故本段正确的翻译应为——"直到亚嫩溪河的一半或中间"（参
书 12:2)。
这种对边界的审慎安排显然是为了防止相邻支派因水的专属使用权而起争端。
Original em inglês
16. from Gilead--that is, not the mountainous region, but the town Ramoth-gilead,
even unto the river Arnon half the valley--The word "valley" signifies a wady, either filled with water or dry, as the Arnon is in summer, and thus the proper rendering of the passage will be--"even to the half or middle of the river Arnon" (compare
Jos 12:2).
This prudent arrangement of the boundaries was evidently made to prevent all disputes between the adjacent tribes about the exclusive right to the water.
25
Sem título
简体中文
25. 求你容我过去，看约旦河那边的美地，就是那佳美的山地，和黎巴嫩——摩西渴望获准过约旦河，这出于自然且非常恳切，其根据在于他认为神的警告或许是有条件、可撤回的。"那佳美的山地"据犹太作者所解，是指建殿的那座山
(申 12:5; 出 15:2)。
但如今圣经学者一般译作——"那佳美的山地，即黎巴嫩"，并视其作为巴勒斯坦之美的代表而被提及——山地正是该国最显著的特征。
Original em inglês
25. I pray thee, let me go over, and see the good land that is beyond Jordan, that goodly mountain, and Lebanon--The natural and very earnest wish of Moses to be allowed to cross the Jordan was founded on the idea that the divine threatening might be conditional and revertible. "That goodly mountain" is supposed by Jewish writers to have pointed to the hill on which the temple was to be built
(De 12:5; Ex 15:2).
But biblical scholars now, generally, render the words--"that goodly mountain, even Lebanon," and consider it to be mentioned as typifying the beauty of Palestine, of which hills and mountains were so prominent a feature.
26
Sem título
简体中文
26. 你不要再向我提这事——即我的旨意已不可更改。
Original em inglês
26. speak no more unto me of this matter--that is, My decree is unalterable.
De 3:1-20.
征服巴珊王噩。
1. 我们转回，向巴珊去——巴珊（意即「肥沃」或「平坦」），即今日的埃尔博特因（El-Bottein），位于基列以北，一直延伸至黑门山。这是一片崎岖多山的地带，却因水草丰美、牧放繁茂而极有价值。
巴珊王噩出来迎击我们——他毫无缘由地冲出来攻击以色列人，或是厌恶这样危险的邻舍居住在旁，或是急欲为他的盟友被击败而复仇。