Comentário do capítulo
Hosea Capítulo 7
1
Ho 7:1-16.
繁體中文
Original em inglês
Ho 7:1-16.
REPROOF OF ISRAEL.
Probably delivered in the interreign and civil war at Pekah's death; for
Ho 7:7,
"all their kings . . . fallen," refers to the murder of Zechariah, Shallum, Menahem, Pekahiah, and Pekah. In
Ho 7:8
the reference seems to be to Menahem's payment of tribute to Pul, in order to secure himself in the usurped throne, also to Pekah's league with Rezin of Syria, and to Hoshea's connection with Assyria during the interregnum at Pekah's death [MAURER].
1. I would have healed Israel--Israel's restoration of the two hundred thousand Jewish captives at God's command
(2Ch 28:8-15)
gave hope of Israel's reformation [HENDERSON]. Political, as well as moral, healing is meant. When I would have healed Israel in its calamitous state, then their iniquity was discovered to be so great as to preclude hope of recovery. Then he enumerates their wickedness: "The thief cometh in (indoors stealthily), and the troop of robbers spoileth without" (out-of-doors with open violence).
2
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2. consider not in their hearts——字面作「對……不說」，等等。
（Ps 14:1）。
that I remember——並且我必刑罰。
their own doings have beset them about——如許多見證人一般四面圍繞他們
（Ps 9:16； Pr 5:22）。
before my face——
（Ps 90:8）。
Original em inglês
2. consider not in their hearts--literally, "say not to," &c.
(Ps 14:1).
that I remember--and will punish.
their own doings have beset them about--as so many witnesses against them
(Ps 9:16; Pr 5:22).
before my face--
(Ps 90:8).
3
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3. 他們的首領不但不加禁止，反倒「喜歡」那行這類惡事的人
（Ro 1:32）。
Original em inglês
3. Their princes, instead of checking, "have pleasure in them that do" such crimes
(Ro 1:32).
4
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4. who ceaseth from raising——更確切地譯作「給它加熱」，源出一 阿拉伯文 字根，意為「發熱」。七十士譯本 亦同。他們行淫與拜偶像的慾火，如同餅舖的爐子被燒得通紅，從揉麵之時直到發酵完成，他簡直不必再加燃料；只需在麵團發酵的那短暫時間裏停止添柴即可。參
2Pe 2:14，
「不能止息犯罪」〔HENDERSON〕。
Original em inglês
4. who ceaseth from raising--rather, "heating" it, from an Arabic root, "to be hot." So the Septuagint. Their adulterous and idolatrous lust is inflamed as the oven of a baker who has it at such a heat that he ceaseth from heating it only from the time that he hath kneaded the dough, until it be leavened; he only needs to omit feeding it during the short period of the fermentation of the bread. Compare
2Pe 2:14,
"that cannot cease from sin" [HENDERSON].
5
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5. the day of our king——王的生日或登基之日。
have made him sick——即那王。MAURER 譯作「使自己生病」。
with bottles of wine——所喝的不僅是杯，而是 瓶。MAURER 譯作「因酒之熱」。
he stretched out his hand with scorners——這是酒徒彼此舉杯、互相祝酒的手勢。譏誚人正是王的酒肉朋友。
Original em inglês
5. the day of our king--his birthday or day of inauguration.
have made him sick--namely, the king. MAURER translates, "make themselves sick."
with bottles of wine--drinking not merely glasses, but bottles. MAURER translates, "Owing to the heat of wine."
he stretched out his hand with scorners--the gesture of revellers in holding out the cup and in drinking to one another's health. Scoffers were the king's boon companions.
6
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6. they have made ready——更確切地譯作「他們使心靠近」，即靠近他們的王，前去與他同飲。
like an oven——延續
Ho 7:4
的比喻。正如爐子整夜隱藏燃著的火，讓餅舖師傅安睡，到了早晨便如烈火般焚燒；他們也在良心被催眠之時，心中圖謀惡事，其惡計只待合宜的時機便要爆發〔HORSLEY〕。 他們的心就是那爐子，他們中的主謀就是那餅舖師傅。在
Ho 7:7
中，他們的陰謀顯明出來，即耶羅波安二世之後，一王接一王地被弒的內亂與流血。
Original em inglês
6. they have made ready--rather, "they make their heart approach," namely their king, in going to drink with him.
like an oven--following out the image in
Ho 7:4.
As it conceals the lighted fire all night while the baker sleeps but in the morning burns as a flaming fire, so they brood mischief in their hearts while conscience is lulled asleep, and their wicked designs wait only for a fair occasion to break forth [HORSLEY]. Their heart is the oven, their baker the ringleader of the plot. In
Ho 7:7
their plots appear, namely, the intestine disturbances and murders of one king after another, after Jeroboam II.
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7. all hot——全都如火般熱衷於製造全面的動亂
（2Ki 15:1-38）。
devoured their judges——指官長；正如爐火吞滅柴薪。
all their kings . . . fallen——見
Ho 7:1
的註解。
none . . . calleth unto me——他們如此頑梗，以致在這一切國難之中，竟無人向我求助
（Isa 9:13; 64:7）。
Original em inglês
7. all hot--All burn with eagerness to cause universal disturbance
(2Ki 15:1-38).
devoured their judges--magistrates; as the fire of the oven devours the fuel.
all their kings . . . fallen--See on
Ho 7:1.
none . . . calleth unto me--Such is their perversity that amid all these national calamities, none seeks help from Me
(Isa 9:13; 64:7).
8
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8. mixed . . . among the people——藉著與拜偶像者結盟，並採用他們拜偶像的習俗
（Ho 7:9, 11； Ps 106:35）。
Ephraim . . . cake not turned——一塊一面烤焦、一面未熟的餅，因此不能吃；這是以法蓮 毫無價值 的寫照。東方人在地上烤餅，上面覆以炭灰
（1Ki 19:6），
每十分鐘 翻 一次，使餅能烤透而不焦。
Original em inglês
8. mixed . . . among the people--by leagues with idolaters, and the adoption of their idolatrous practices
(Ho 7:9, 11; Ps 106:35).
Ephraim . . . cake not turned--a cake burnt on one side and unbaked on the other, and so uneatable; an image of the worthlessness of Ephraim. The Easterners bake their bread on the ground, covering it with embers
(1Ki 19:6),
and turning it every ten minutes, to bake it thoroughly without burning it.
9
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9. Strangers——指外邦人：敘利亞人與亞述人
（2Ki 13:7; 15:19, 20; 17:3-6）。
gray hairs——意即國家將要解體的徵兆。
are here and there upon——字面作「散落在他身上」。
yet he knoweth not——雖然老年本當帶來智慧，他卻既不知自己衰老的狀態，也沒有那能引致悔改的真知識。
Original em inglês
9. Strangers--foreigners: the Syrians and Assyrians
(2Ki 13:7; 15:19, 20; 17:3-6).
gray hairs--that is, symptoms of approaching national dissolution.
are here and there upon--literally, "are sprinkled on" him.
yet he knoweth not--Though old age ought to bring with it wisdom, he neither knows of his senile decay, nor has the true knowledge which leads to reformation.
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10. 重複
Ho 5:5。
not return to . . . Lord . . . for all this——儘管遭逢這一切災禍
（Isa 9:13）。
Original em inglês
10. Repetition of
Ho 5:5.
not return to . . . Lord . . . for all this--notwithstanding all their calamities
(Isa 9:13).
11
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11. like a silly dove——鴿子以單純著稱：易受欺騙。
without heart——意即無悟性。
call to Egypt——以色列夾在埃及與亞述兩大帝國之間，輪番求助於一方以抵抗另一方。這預言既寫於何細亞治下，所指大概是他與梭（或薩巴科二世）的結盟（其事見於科雲吉克出土的圓筒印章記載），結果以何細亞的覆亡與以色列的被擄告終
（2Ki 17:3-6）。
正如鴿子從巢中驚慌飛逃，卻落入捕鳥人的網羅，以此顯出其愚拙；以色列雖受警告外邦結盟必成為他們的毀滅，卻仍舊倉促投入其中。
Original em inglês
11. like a silly dove--a bird proverbial for simplicity: easily deceived.
without heart--that is, understanding.
call to Egypt--Israel lying between the two great rival empires Egypt and Assyria, sought each by turns to help her against the other. As this prophecy was written in the reign of Hoshea, the allusion is probably to the alliance with So or Sabacho II (of which a record has been found on the clay cylindrical seals in Koyunjik), which ended in the overthrow of Hoshea and the deportation of Israel
(2Ki 17:3-6).
As the dove betrays its foolishness by fleeing in alarm from its nest only to fall into the net of the fowler, so Israel, though warned that foreign alliances would be their ruin, rushed into them.
12
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12. When they shall go——向這個或那個外邦求助之時。
spread my net upon them——如在地上捕捉的鳥
（Eze 12:13），
與「把他們打下來」——如同打「天上的飛鳥」，即用投射之物——相對。
as their congregation hath heard——即藉我的先知所聽見的，我藉先知曾威脅「chastisement（刑罰）」
（Ho 5:9； 2Ki 17:13-18）。
Original em inglês
12. When they shall go--to seek aid from this or that foreign state.
spread my net upon them--as on birds taken on the ground
(Eze 12:13),
as contrasted with "bringing them down" as the "fowls of the heavens," namely, by the use of missiles.
as their congregation hath heard--namely, by My prophets through whom I threatened "chastisement"
(Ho 5:9; 2Ki 17:13-18).
13
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13. fled——如鳥離巢
（Pr 27:8； Isa 16:2）。
me——我既能、也願醫治他們
（Ho 7:1），
只要他們來就近我。
redeemed them——從埃及與他們其他的仇敵手中
（Mic 6:4）。
lies——
（Ps 78:36； Jer 3:10）。
他們假裝敬拜我，卻始終在拜偶像
（Ho 7:14； Ho 12:1）；
又奪去我拯救他們的榮耀，將拯救與其他福分歸於偶像〔CALVIN〕。
Original em inglês
13. fled--as birds from their nest
(Pr 27:8; Isa 16:2).
me--who both could and would have healed them
(Ho 7:1),
had they applied to Me.
redeemed them--from Egypt and their other enemies
(Mic 6:4).
lies--
(Ps 78:36; Jer 3:10).
Pretending to be My worshippers, when they all the while worshipped idols
(Ho 7:14; Ho 12:1);
also defrauding Me of the glory of their deliverance, and ascribing it and their other blessings to idols [CALVIN].
14
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14. not cried unto me——而是向別神呼求〔MAURER〕，
（Job 35:9, 10）。
或作：他們的確向我呼求，卻不是「用心」呼求：與
Ho 7:13
的「lies（謊言）」相應（見
Ho 7:13
的註解）。
when they howled upon their beds——因焦慮而不得眠；是 深切痛苦 的寫照。他們的呼求被稱為「howling（哀號）」，因為那是痛苦的呼喊，不是悔改與信心的呼喊。
assemble . . . for corn，等等——即在他們偶像的廟中聚集，為要從偶像那裏得著豐收與豐年，卻不來就近我這些福分的真正賜予者
（Ho 2:5, 8, 12），
證明他們向神的呼求「不是出於心」。
rebel against me——字面作「 向 我退後」，意即不僅 從 我面前退去，而且 敵對 我。
Original em inglês
14. not cried unto me--but unto other gods [MAURER],
(Job 35:9, 10).
Or, they did indeed cry unto Me, but not "with their heart": answering to "lies,"
Ho 7:13
(see on
Ho 7:13).
when they howled upon their beds--sleepless with anxiety; image of deep affliction. Their cry is termed "howling," as it is the cry of anguish, not the cry of repentance and faith.
assemble . . . for corn, &c.--namely in the temples of their idols, to obtain from them a good harvest and vintage, instead of coming to Me, the true Giver of these
(Ho 2:5, 8, 12),
proving that their cry to God was "not with their heart."
rebel against me--literally, "withdraw themselves against Me," that is, not only withdraw from Me, but also rebel against Me.
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15. I . . . bound——當我看見他們因種種災禍而手臂鬆弛無力，我便包紮他們，以堅固他們的筋骨；這是取自外科手術的比喻〔CALVIN〕。 MAURER 譯作「我 訓練 他們」爭戰
（Ps 18:34; 144:1），
即在耶羅波安二世之下
（2Ki 14:25）。 GROTIUS 解釋為：「無論我是責罰他們（Margin〔旁註〕），還是堅固他們的膀臂，他們都圖謀惡事敵擋我。」英文譯本（English Version） 最佳。
Original em inglês
15. I . . . bound--when I saw their arms as it were relaxed with various disasters, I bound them so as to strengthen their sinews; image from surgery [CALVIN]. MAURER translates, "I instructed them" to war
(Ps 18:34; 144:1),
namely, under Jeroboam II
(2Ki 14:25).
GROTIUS explains, "Whether I chastised them (Margin) or strengthened their arms, they imagined mischief against Me." English Version is best.
16
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16. return, but not to the Most High——或作「歸向一位 不是至高者的」，一位與祂迥然不同的——一塊木頭或石頭。七十士譯本 亦同。
deceitful bow——
（Ps 78:57）。
因構造有缺陷而射不中靶的弓。照樣以色列假裝尋求神，卻偏行去拜偶像。
for the rage of their tongue——他們誇口因埃及的幫助而得安全，並以「lies（謊言）」
（Ho 7:13）
假裝事奉神，卻在拜偶像；又頑梗地為自己的偶像崇拜、以及對神與祂先知的褻瀇辯護
（Ps 73:9; 120:2, 3）。
their derision in . . . Egypt——他們的「傾覆」必成為埃及「嗤笑」的對象，因他們曾向埃及求助
（Ho 9:3, 6； 2Ki 17:4）。
Original em inglês
16. return, but not to the Most High--or, "to one who is not the Most High," one very different from Him, a stock or a stone. So the Septuagint.
deceitful bow--
(Ps 78:57).
A bow which, from its faulty construction, shoots wide of the mark. So Israel pretends to seek God, but turns aside to idols.
for the rage of their tongue--their boast of safety from Egyptian aid, and their "lies"
(Ho 7:13),
whereby they pretended to serve God, while worshipping idols; also their perverse defense for their idolatries and blasphemies against God and His prophets
(Ps 73:9; 120:2, 3).
their derision in . . . Egypt--Their "fall" shall be the subject of "derision" to Egypt, to whom they had applied for help
(Ho 9:3, 6; 2Ki 17:4).
Ho 7:1-16.
對以色列的責備。
大概在比加死後的空位期與內戰期間傳講的；因為
Ho 7:7
「他們所有的王……都仆倒」，是指撒迦利雅、沙龍、米拿現、比加轄與比加的被殺。在
Ho 7:8
中，所指似乎是米拿現向普勒進貢，以鞏固其篡奪來的王位；也指比加與敘利亞利汛結盟，以及比加死後空位期間何細亞與亞述的勾結〔MAURER〕。
1. I would have healed Israel——以色列遵神的命令，歸還了二十萬猶大俘虜
（2Ch 28:8-15），
使人對以色列的悔改存有指望〔HENDERSON〕。 此處所指的醫治，既包括政治上，也包括道德上。當我想要醫治以色列於其災禍之境時，他們的罪孽卻顯露出來，大得已無恢復之望。於是他列舉他們的惡行：「盜賊潛入（暗中入室），而成群的強盜在外面搶奪（在戶外公然施暴）。」