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Isaiah Capítulo 24
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Isa 24:1-23.
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Original em inglês
Isa 24:1-23.
THE LAST TIMES OF THE WORLD IN GENERAL, AND OF JUDAH AND THE CHURCH IN PARTICULAR.
The four chapters (the twenty-fourth through the twenty-seventh) form one continuous poetical prophecy: descriptive of the dispersion and successive calamities of the Jews
(Isa 24:1-12);
the preaching of the Gospel by the first Hebrew converts throughout the world
(Isa 24:13-16);
the judgments on the adversaries of the Church and its final triumph
(Isa 24:16-23);
thanksgiving for the overthrow of the apostate faction
(Isa 25:1-12),
and establishment of the righteous in lasting peace
(Isa 26:1-21);
judgment on leviathan and entire purgation of the Church
(Isa 27:1-13).
Having treated of the several nations in particular--Babylon, Philistia, Moab, Syria, Israel, Egypt, Edom, and Tyre (the miniature representative of all, as all kingdoms flocked into it)--he passes to the last times of the world at large and of Judah the representative and future head of the churches.
1. the earth--rather, "the land" of Judah (so in
Isa 24:3, 5, 6; Joe 1:2).
The desolation under Nebuchadnezzar prefigured that under Titus.
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2. as with the people, so with the priest——所有人都同受一樣的災禍：沒有蒙恩的階級可以倖免（比較
Eze 7:12, 13; Ho 4:9; Re 6:15).
Original em inglês
2. as with the people, so with the priest--All alike shall share the same calamity: no favored class shall escape (compare
Eze 7:12, 13; Ho 4:9; Re 6:15).
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4. world——以色列國；如
Isa 13:11
指巴比倫。
haughty——字面作百姓的「高處」：以抽象代具體，即高位的百姓；連貴族也分受普遍的災禍。
Original em inglês
4. world--the kingdom of Israel; as in
Isa 13:11,
Babylon.
haughty--literally, "the height" of the people: abstract for concrete, that is, the high people; even the nobles share the general distress.
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5. earth——不如作「那地」。
defiled under . . . inhabitants——即被無辜的血所污穢
(Ge 4:11;
Nu 35:33;
Ps 106:38).
laws . . . ordinance . . . everlasting covenant——道德律法、禮儀律例，以及設計為神與他們之間永遠之約的國家盟約。
Original em inglês
5. earth--rather, "the land."
defiled under . . . inhabitants--namely, with innocent blood
(Ge 4:11; Nu 35:33; Ps 106:38).
laws . . . ordinance . . . everlasting covenant--The moral laws, positive statutes, and national covenant designed to be for ever between God and them.
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6. earth——那地。
burned——即被天上吞噬的烈怒所燒：或是內在的，如
Job 30:30
[ROSENMULLER]；或是外在的，先知眼前所見的是百姓在其註定荒涼之地的枯乾中被消磨（如
Joe 1:10, 12），
[MAURER].
Original em inglês
6. earth--the land.
burned--namely, with the consuming wrath of heaven: either internally, as in
Job 30:30
[ROSENMULLER]; or externally, the prophet has before his eyes the people being consumed with the withering dryness of their doomed land (so
Joe 1:10, 12),
[MAURER].
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7. mourneth——因為無人飲用它 [BARNES]。不如作「變得淡而無味」[HORSLEY]。
languisheth——因如今無人耕種。
Original em inglês
7. mourneth--because there are none to drink it [BARNES]. Rather, "is become vapid" [HORSLEY].
languisheth--because there are none to cultivate it now.
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8.
(Re 18:22)。
Original em inglês
8.
(Re 18:22).
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9. with a song——宴會常見的伴奏。
strong drink——（見
Isa 5:11 註釋）。
「棗酒」〔HORSLEY〕。
bitter——因國難所致。
Original em inglês
9. with a song--the usual accompaniment of feasts.
strong drink--(See on
Isa 5:11).
"Date wine" [HORSLEY].
bitter--in consequence of the national calamities.
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10. city of confusion——宜作「荒涼」。預指耶路撒冷將成為的樣子；故預先如此稱呼。 HORSLEY 譯作：「城已經破碎；成為廢墟。」
shut up——因恐懼；或宜作「被廢墟所阻。」
Original em inglês
10. city of confusion--rather, "desolation." What Jerusalem would be; by anticipation it is called so. HORSLEY translates, "The city is broken down; it is a ruin."
shut up--through fear; or rather, "choked up by ruins."
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11. crying for wine——以酒麻痺憂愁
(Isa 16:9)；
Joe 1:5，
約寫於同時，與此相似。
Original em inglês
11. crying for wine--to drown their sorrows in drink
(Isa 16:9);
Joe 1:5,
written about the same time, resembles this.
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12. with destruction——宜作「碎裂聲」〔GESENIUS〕。「在巨大的喧嘩中，城門被擊碎」〔HORSLEY〕。
Original em inglês
12. with destruction--rather "crash" [GESENIUS]. "With a great tumult the gate is battered down" [HORSLEY].
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13. 這地——猶太地。逗號當放在「地」之後，而非「民」之後。「在百姓中間將有餘民存留，如同搖撼橄欖樹後的摘拾」；正如收摘橄欖時，最高枝條上仍剩少許
（賽 17:5、6）。
Original em inglês
13. the land--Judea. Put the comma after "land," not after "people." "There shall be among the people (a remnant left), as the shaking (the after-picking) of an olive tree"; as in gathering olives, a few remain on the highest boughs
(Isa 17:5, 6).
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14. 這些人——那些剩下的人：餘民。
為耶和華的威嚴揚起聲來——唱感恩歌，因耶和華如此恩慈地保全了他們。
從海那裡——從海外遙遠之地，他們逃往之處。
Original em inglês
14. They--those who are left: the remnant.
sing for the majesty of the Lord--sing a thanksgiving for the goodness of the Lord, who has so mercifully preserved them.
from the sea--from the distant lands beyond the sea, whither they have escaped.
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15. 在火中——VITRINGA 譯作「在洞穴中」。這可能指苦難之火嗎
（彼前 1:7）？
那時他們是被擄之人。火只鬆開靈魂上屬肉體的捆綁，卻不傷一根頭髮，如沙得拉、米煞、亞伯尼歌的情形。LOWTH 讀作在海島中
（結 26:18）。
宜將「火」譯作「在晨光之區」，即東方，與「海中的島嶼」即西方相對〔MAURER〕。無論你們被分散到何處，東方或西方，仍要榮耀耶和華
（瑪 1:11）。
Original em inglês
15. in the fires--VITRINGA translates, "in the caves." Could it mean the fires of affliction
(1Pe 1:7)?
They were exiles at the time. The fires only loose the carnal bonds off the soul, without injuring a hair, as in the case of Shadrach, Meshach, and Abed-nego. LOWTH reads, in the islands
(Eze 26:18).
Rather translate for "fires," "in the regions of morning light," that is, the east, in antithesis to the "isles of the sea," that is, the west [MAURER]. Wheresoever ye be scattered, east or west, still glorify the Lord
(Mal 1:11).
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16. 從遠方之地傳來向神的歌聲齊聚巴勒斯坦，如宏大的合唱。
榮耀歸於義人——歌聲的主題
（賽 26:2、7）。
在被擄中、失去聖殿、失去一切人所珍愛之物時，他們對神的信心仍不動搖。這些歌喚起往昔的歡樂，從現今災難中的耶路撒冷發出「我的消瘦」之歎。HORSLEY 譯作「榮耀歸於那義者」；那麼「我的消瘦」表達了他對人之敗壞的感受——這敗壞使猶太人這些「詭詐的人」
（耶 5:11）
釘死了那義者；以及他自己義的缺乏，使他需要披上那義者的義
（詩 106:15）。
詭詑的人——欺壓耶路撒冷、以詭計制勝的外邦列國（如
賽 21:2）
〔BARNES〕。
Original em inglês
16. Songs to God come in together to Palestine from distant lands, as a grand chorus.
glory to the righteous--the burden of the songs
(Isa 26:2, 7).
Amidst exile, the loss of their temple, and all that is dear to man, their confidence in God is unshaken. These songs recall the joy of other times and draw from Jerusalem in her present calamities, the cry, "My leanness." HORSLEY translates, "glory to the Just One"; then My leanness expresses his sense of man's corruption, which led the Jews, "the treacherous dealers"
(Jer 5:11),
to crucify the Just One; and his deficiency of righteousness which made him need to be clothed with the righteousness of the Just One
(Ps 106:15).
treacherous dealers--the foreign nations that oppress Jerusalem, and overcome it by stratagem (so in
Isa 21:2)
[BARNES].
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17. 本節解釋
賽 24:16
所說的悲慘。耶利米
（耶 48:43、44）
使用同樣的話。這些是諺語；
賽 24:18
表達居民無處安全；若逃過一個危險，就落入對面另一個更糟的危險
（摩 5:19）。
「恐懼」是指那些飾有各色羽毛的繩索，在空中搖動時，將野獸嚇入陷阱，或將鳥兒趕入網羅。HORSLEY 作了這樣的聯繫。先知因那義者所受的對待而憤慨，威脅這有罪之地將立刻受報。
Original em inglês
17. This verse explains the wretchedness spoken of in
Isa 24:16.
Jeremiah
(Jer 48:43, 44)
uses the same words. They are proverbial;
Isa 24:18
expressing that the inhabitants were nowhere safe; if they escaped one danger, they fell into another, and worse, on the opposite side
(Am 5:19).
"Fear" is the term applied to the cords with feathers of all colors which, when fluttered in the air, scare beasts into the pitfall, or birds into the snare. HORSLEY makes the connection. Indignant at the treatment which the Just One received, the prophet threatens the guilty land with instant vengeance.
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18. 恐懼的聲音——為驚起獵物並將其趕入陷阱的喊聲。
天窗……敞開——取自洪水的記載
（創 7:11）；
「水閘」。如此，對叛道世界最後以火施行審判，也被比作洪水
（彼後 3:5-7）。
Original em inglês
18. noise of . . . fear--the shout designed to rouse the game and drive it into the pitfall.
windows . . . open--taken from the account of the deluge
(Ge 7:11);
the flood-gates. So the final judgments of fire on the apostate world are compared to the deluge
(2Pe 3:5-7).
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19. 地——那地：取自地震的意象。
Original em inglês
19. earth--the land: image from an earthquake.
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20. 像棚子一樣搖晃——（參見
賽 1:8 註釋）。
此處指懸掛的床榻，以繩索懸於樹上，如 NIEBUHR 所述亞拉伯看守田地者所用，既可守望又可避野獸。宜譯作「像吊床一樣搖晃」，隨風搖擺。
沉重其上——如壓倒性的重擔。
不再起來——並非指它永遠不能起來
(賽 24:23)，
而是在那些震動中它不得起來，必倒塌無疑。
Original em inglês
20. removed like a cottage--(See on
Isa 1:8).
Here, a hanging couch, suspended from the trees by cords, such as NIEBUHR describes the Arab keepers of lands as having, to enable them to keep watch, and at the same time to be secure from wild beasts. Translate, "Shall wave to and fro like a hammock" swung about by the wind.
heavy upon it--like an overwhelming burden.
not rise again--not meaning, that it never would rise
(Isa 24:23),
but in those convulsions it would not rise, it would surely fall.
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21. 高處的……軍隊——即天上的軍隊，或指天上可見的軍隊（因日、月、星辰——拜偶像的對象——所維繫的現有自然秩序被廢去
賽 65:17；60:19，
同時人的腐敗政體也被廢除）；或更恰當地說，指「這黑暗世界的不可見掌權者」，正如「地上的君王」的對比所示。此外，天使彷彿掌管世界的列國
(但 10:13, 20, 21)。
Original em inglês
21. host of . . . high ones--the heavenly host, that is, either the visible host of heaven (the present economy of nature, affected by the sun, moon, and stars, the objects of idolatry, being abolished,
Isa 65:17; 60:19,
simultaneously with the corrupt polity of men); or rather, "the invisible rulers of the darkness of this world," as the antithesis to "kings of the earth" shows. Angels, moreover, preside, as it were, over kingdoms of the world
(Da 10:13, 20, 21).
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22. 在坑中——宜作「為那坑」〔HORSLEY〕。「在地牢中」〔MAURER〕。以俘虜被一同關入地牢為喻。
監牢——即如在監牢中。這為有爭議的經文
彼前 3:19
提供了亮光，那裏的監牢也是比喻：猶太人被囚禁於耶路撒冷——先在尼布甲尼撒之下，後在提多之下——之後將有「多日」後的眷顧施恩跟隨——前者為七十年，後者的時間尚未期滿。HORSLEY 將「眷顧」取其惡意，即以震怒眷顧，如
賽 26:14；
參見
賽 29:6；
刑罰因延遲而更加沉重。可能預示雙重的眷顧：對選民是拯救，對剛硬的不信者是震怒；因
賽 24:23
明顯論及對驕傲罪人的審判，以「日」和「月」為象徵。
Original em inglês
22. in the pit--rather, "for the pit" [HORSLEY]. "In the dungeon" [MAURER]. Image from captives thrust together into a dungeon.
prison--that is, as in a prison. This sheds light on the disputed passage,
1Pe 3:19,
where also the prison is figurative: The "shutting up" of the Jews in Jerusalem under Nebuchadnezzar, and again under Titus, was to be followed by a visitation of mercy "after many days"--seventy years in the case of the former--the time is not yet elapsed in the case of the latter. HORSLEY takes "visited" in a bad sense, namely, in wrath, as in
Isa 26:14;
compare
Isa 29:6;
the punishment being the heavier in the fact of the delay. Probably a double visitation is intended, deliverance to the elect, wrath to hardened unbelievers; as
Isa 24:23
plainly contemplates judgments on proud sinners, symbolized by the "sun" and "moon."
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23.
(耶 3:17)。
仍是未來之事：耶穌在和散那聲中凱旋進入耶路撒冷，即為此事的保證。
他的長老——指祂百姓中的長老；或總括而言，指祂的古時百姓猶太人。在世界諸國傾覆之後，耶和華的國將被建立，其榮光超過先前秩序下日月的照耀
(賽 60:19, 20)。
Original em inglês
23.
(Jer 3:17).
Still future: of which Jesus' triumphal entry into Jerusalem amidst hosannas was a pledge.
his ancients--the elders of His people; or in general, His ancient people, the Jews. After the overthrow of the world kingdoms. Jehovah's shall be set up with a splendor exceeding the light of the sun and moon under the previous order of things
(Isa 60:19, 20).
Isa 24:1-23.
普世末日的總論，以及猶大與教會末日的特論。
這四章（第二十四至二十七章）構成一篇連貫的詩體預言：描述猶太人的分散與接連的災禍
(Isa 24:1-12);
首批希伯來歸信者向普世傳揚福音
(Isa 24:13-16);
對教會仇敵的審判與教會最終的得勝
(Isa 24:16-23);
為叛教派系的傾覆而感恩
(Isa 25:1-12),
以及義人於持久和平中的建立
(Isa 26:1-21);
對利維坦的審判與教會的徹底煉淨
(Isa 27:1-13).
既已論及各別的列國——巴比倫、非利士、摩押、敘利亞、以色列、埃及、以東與推羅（推羅是全體的縮影，因萬國都薈萃於此）——他便轉向普世的末日，以及作為眾教會代表與未來之首的猶大的末日。
1. the earth——不如譯作猶大之「地」（參
Isa 24:3, 5, 6; Joe 1:2).
尼布甲尼撒之下的荒蕪預表了提多之下的荒蕪。