Comentário do capítulo
John Capítulo 16
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Joh 16:1-33.
简体中文
Original em inglês
Joh 16:1-33.
DISCOURSE AT THE SUPPER TABLE CONCLUDED.
1-5. These things have I spoken unto you, that ye should not be offended--both the warnings and the encouragements just given.
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2. 他们要把你们赶出会堂——
(Joh 9:22; 12:42)。
时候将到，凡杀你们的，就以为是事奉神——这话的意思是宗教的事奉——「以为他是在向神献上一个事奉」。（就如大数的扫罗，
Ga 1:13, 14; Php 3:6）。
Original em inglês
2. They shall put you out of the synagogue--
(Joh 9:22; 12:42).
the time cometh, that whosoever killeth you will think that he doeth God service--The words mean religious service--"that he is offering a service to God." (So Saul of Tarsus,
Ga 1:13, 14; Php 3:6).
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4. 这些事我从起初没有……在——「从」。
起头——他的确在相当早的时候就说过这事
(Lu 6:22)，
但不完全像
Joh 16:2
那样。
因为我与你们同在。
Original em inglês
4. these things I said not . . . at--from.
the beginning--He had said it pretty early
(Lu 6:22),
but not quite as in
Joh 16:2.
because I was with you.
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5. 现今我往差我来的父那里去——他与他们同在的时候，世界的仇恨主要针对他自己；但他的离去将把它引到他们身上，作为他的代表。
你们中间并没有人问我，你往哪里去？——他们曾在某種意义上问过
(Joh 13:36; 14:5)；
但他希望他们对这件事有更聪明、更殷切的探询。
Original em inglês
5. But now I go my way to him that sent me--While He was with them, the world's hatred was directed chiefly against Himself; but His departure would bring it down upon them as His representatives.
and none of you asketh me, Whither goest thou?--They had done so in a sort
(Joh 13:36; 14:5);
but He wished more intelligent and eager inquiry on the subject.
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6, 7. 只因我将这些事对你们说了……忧愁就充满了你们的心——忧愁太多地使他们瘫痪，他要唤醒他们的精力。
Original em inglês
6, 7. But because I have said these things . . . sorrow hath filled your heart--Sorrow had too much paralyzed them, and He would rouse their energies.
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7. 我去是与你们有益的——
我的救主，难道曾有
失去你反使我得着？
——凯布尔。
是的。
我若不去，保惠师就不到你们这里来；我若去，就差他到你们这里来——（见
Joh 7:39；
Joh 14:15）。
Original em inglês
7. It is expedient for you that I go away--
My Saviour, can it ever be
That I should gain by losing thee?
KEBLE.
Yes.
for if I go not away, the Comforter will not come unto you, but if I depart, I will send him unto you--(See on
Joh 7:39;
Joh 14:15).
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8. 他既来了，就要等等——这是基督深邃讲论中思想最为丰富的一段经文之一；用几笔大笔触描绘了圣灵在世人中一切事工的每一部分——他对个人以及对群体的运行，对信者与不信者 alike [奥尔肖森]。
他就要责备——这个词太弱，无法表达所意指的。责备确实包含在所用的词中，无疑此词以此为始。但定罪或说服才是所意指的；既然一个表达圣灵在不信之人身上的工作，另一个在信之人身上，最好不把它局限于其一。
Original em inglês
8. And when he is come, he will, &c.--This is one of the passages most pregnant with thought in the profound discourses of Christ; with a few great strokes depicting all and every part of the ministry of the Holy Ghost in the world--His operation with reference to individuals as well as the mass, on believers and unbelievers alike [OLSHAUSEN].
he will reprove--This is too weak a word to express what is meant. Reproof is indeed implied in the term employed, and doubtless the word begins with it. But convict or convince is the thing intended; and as the one expresses the work of the Spirit on the unbelieving portion of mankind, and the other on the believing, it is better not to restrict it to either.
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9. 为罪，是因他们不信我——既然一切罪的根源都在于不信，那么最严重形式的不信就是弃绝基督。然而，圣灵将这真理钉在良心上时，并不熄灭，反而是成全并加剧对一切其他罪的感觉。
Original em inglês
9. Of sin, because they believe not on me--As all sin has its root in unbelief, so the most aggravated form of unbelief is the rejection of Christ. The Spirit, however, in fastening this truth upon the conscience, does not extinguish, but, on the contrary, does consummate and intensify, the sense of all other sins.
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10. 为义，是因我往父那里去，你们不再见我——毫无疑问，是基督个人的义，圣灵要把它带到罪人的心里。这事的证据在于那个伟大的历史事实——他「往父那里去，不再向人显现」：因为如果他声称是神的儿子、世人的救主是谎言，那「嫉妒的神」的父怎会叫这样的亵渎者从死里复活，并将他升到自己的右边？但如果他是「那诚实真实的见证人」，父的「义的仆人」，「我所拣选、我心里所喜悦的」，那么他往父那里去，随之从人眼中消失，不过是他在此下所行一切的合适成全、崇高奖赏，是他使命的印记，是他在地上所持之见证的得荣耀——通过其承担者被接到父的怀中。这基督正直的胜利性辩护，对我们来说是神圣的证据，明亮如天，表明他的确是世人的救主，神的义仆，要因他担当他们的罪孽而称许多人为义
(Isa 53:11)。
所以圣灵在这一分句中，被看见地说服人：基督里有他先前所叫他们 conviction 之罪的感觉下的完全解脱；并且我们不仅不为他离开我们悲伤，好像那是无法挽回的损失，反而学着以它为荣，作为他代替我们蒙完全悦纳的证据，与一位明白这事的人同呼：「谁能控告神所拣选的人呢？有神称他们为义了。谁能定他们的罪呢？有基督耶稣已经死了，而且从死里复活，现今在神的右边」等等。
(Ro 8:33, 34)。
Original em inglês
10. Of righteousness, because I go to my Father, and ye see me no more--Beyond doubt, it is Christ's personal righteousness which the Spirit was to bring home to the sinner's heart. The evidence of this was to lie in the great historical fact, that He had "gone to His Father and was no more visible to men":--for if His claim to be the Son of God, the Saviour of the world, had been a lie, how should the Father, who is "a jealous God," have raised such a blasphemer from the dead and exalted him to His right hand? But if He was the "Faithful and True Witness," the Father's "Righteous Servant," "His Elect, in whom His soul delighted," then was His departure to the Father, and consequent disappearance from the view of men, but the fitting consummation, the august reward, of all that He did here below, the seal of His mission, the glorification of the testimony which He bore on earth, by the reception of its Bearer to the Father's bosom. This triumphant vindication of Christ's rectitude is to us divine evidence, bright as heaven, that He is indeed the Saviour of the world, God's Righteous Servant to justify many, because He bare their iniquities
(Isa 53:11).
Thus the Spirit, in this clause, is seen convincing men that there is in Christ perfect relief under the sense of sin of which He had before convinced them; and so far from mourning over His absence from us, as an irreparable loss, we learn to glory in it, as the evidence of His perfect acceptance on our behalf, exclaiming with one who understood this point, "Who shall lay anything to the charge of God's elect? It is God that justifieth: Who is he that condemneth? It is Christ that died; yea, rather, that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God," &c.
(Ro 8:33, 34).
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11. 为审判，是因这世界的王受了审判——若以为这里所指是最后的审判，那这分句的要点即便好的解经家也完全错过了。「这世界的王受了审判」这句话，毫无疑问与
Joh 12:31
中「现在这世界的王要被赶出去」是同一个意思；两者都意味着他对人的统治，或他奴役人从而毁灭人的能力，已被摧毁。基督的死「审判」了他，或说在司法上推翻了他，于是他被「赶出」，即从他篡夺的领地被驱逐
(Heb 2:14; 1Jo 3:8; Col 2:15)。
所以圣灵要带到人良心里的有：(1)罪的感觉，其极至于弃绝了那来「除去世人之罪」的他；(2)在父的仆人的义里有完全解脱的感觉——这位仆人如今被那拒绝他的地从世上提到他自亘古所住的那怀中；(3)脱离撒但枷锁的解放感——他的审判带给人为圣的自由，并使他们从魔鬼的仆人变为全能之主的儿女。然而，对一类人来说，这一切只带来定罪；他们「不愿到我这里来」——虽然他被启示给他们作为赐生命的那位——使他们可以得生命。这样的人，自愿留在世界之王的统治下，就在他的审判中被定罪，其可见的成全将在大日。然而对另一类人，这蒙福的教导将有另一个结局——把他们从黑暗的国度迁到神爱子的国里。
Original em inglês
11. Of judgment, because the prince of this world is judged--By supposing that the final judgment is here meant, the point of this clause is, even by good interpreters, quite missed. The statement, "The prince of this world is judged," means, beyond all reasonable doubt, the same as that in
Joh 12:31,
"Now shall the prince of this world be cast out"; and both mean that his dominion over men, or his power to enslave and so to ruin them, is destroyed. The death of Christ "judged" or judicially overthrew him, and he was thereupon "cast out" or expelled from his usurped dominion
(Heb 2:14; 1Jo 3:8; Col 2:15).
Thus, then, the Spirit shall bring home to men's conscience: (1) the sense of sin, consummated in the rejection of Him who came to "take away the sin of the world"; (2) the sense of perfect relief in the righteousness of the Father's Servant, now fetched from the earth that spurned Him to that bosom where from everlasting He had dwelt; and (3) the sense of emancipation from the fetters of Satan, whose judgment brings to men liberty to be holy, and transformation out of servants of the devil into sons and daughters of the Lord Almighty. To one class of men, however, all this will carry conviction only; they "will not come to Christ"--revealed though He be to them as the life-giving One--that they may have life. Such, abiding voluntarily under the dominion of the prince of this world, are judged in his judgment, the visible consummation of which will be at the great day. To another class, however, this blessed teaching will have another issue--translating them out of the kingdom of darkness into the kingdom of God's dear Son.
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12-15. 等真理的圣灵来了……他不是凭自己说的——即，不是从自己，而是像基督自己一样，「他听见的」，即所交给他传达的。
并要把将来的事告诉你们——特别指那些启示——书信中部分地有，但启示录中最完全——它们为神的国展开一幅通向未来的视野，其地平线是那些永存的群山。
Original em inglês
12-15. when he, the Spirit of truth, is come . . . he shall not speak of himself--that is, from Himself, but, like Christ Himself, "what He hears," what is given Him to communicate.
he will show you things to come--referring specially to those revelations which, in the Epistles partially, but most fully in the Apocalypse, open up a vista into the Future of the Kingdom of God, whose horizon is the everlasting hills.
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14. 他要荣耀我，因为他要将受于我的，告诉你们——所以圣灵职分的全部设计是要荣耀基督——不是在他自己的人格里，因为这是父在他升到自己的右边时所作的——而是在人的眼光和评价中。为这目的，他要「领受那属于基督的」——一切关乎基督的真理——「并告诉你们」，或说使他们在其本来的光中辨识它。圣灵教导的主观性质——在人灵魂里发现基督在外是什么——在此非常清楚地表达；同时，寻求圣灵的启示要作任何超越把基督自己是什么、所教导的、所作的之光照在人灵魂中的事，是徒然的。
Original em inglês
14. He shall glorify me; for he shall receive of mine and show it unto you--Thus the whole design of the Spirit's office is to glorify Christ--not in His own Person, for this was done by the Father when He exalted Him to His own right hand--but in the view and estimation of men. For this purpose He was to "receive of Christ"--all the truth relating to Christ--"and show it unto them," or make them to discern it in its own light. The subjective nature of the Spirit's teaching--the discovery to the souls of men of what is Christ outwardly--is here very clearly expressed; and, at the same time, the vanity of looking for revelations of the Spirit which shall do anything beyond throwing light in the soul upon what Christ Himself is, and taught, and did upon earth.
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15. 凡父所有的，都是我的——对于与父在一切事上的绝对的共有，不可能有比这更清楚的表达，虽然这里的「一切」是指恩典国度的事——圣灵要领受，为要向我们显示。我们在此对神性内在的关系有一个奇妙的瞥见。
Original em inglês
15. All things that the Father hath are mine--a plainer expression than this of absolute community with the Father in all things cannot be conceived, though the "all things" here have reference to the things of the Kingdom of Grace, which the Spirit was to receive that He might show it to us. We have here a wonderful glimpse into the inner relations of the Godhead.
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16-22. 等不多时，你们就不得见我；再等不多时，你们还要见我，因为我到父那里去——世界因他们不再见他而喜乐，似乎表明他所指的是借死被挪去；在那种情形下，他们再见他的喜乐指向他在复活之后重新在他们中间显现时他们的欣喜若狂，那时他们再也不能怀疑他的身份。同时，那失去主的寡居教会在她主不在天上的日子里的悲伤，以及在他亲自再来时她的欣喜，在此显然也被表达了。
Original em inglês
16-22. A little while, and ye shall not see me; and again a little while, and ye shall see me, because I go to the Father--The joy of the world at their not seeing Him seems to show that His removal from them by death was what He meant; and in that case, their joy at again seeing Him points to their transport at His reappearance amongst them on His Resurrection, when they could no longer doubt His identity. At the same time the sorrow of the widowed Church in the absence of her Lord in the heavens, and her transport at His personal return, are certainly here expressed.
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23-28. 到那日——就是圣灵体制之日（如
Joh 14:20）。
你们要——求问
我什么——因圣灵教导的丰满
(Joh 14:26; 16:13；
并比较
1Jo 2:27)。
Original em inglês
23-28. In that day--of the dispensation of the Spirit (as in
Joh 14:20).
ye shall ask--inquire of
me nothing--by reason of the fulness of the Spirit's teaching
(Joh 14:26; 16:13;
and compare
1Jo 2:27).
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24. 向来你们没有奉我的名求什么——因为「奉基督名的祷告，以及向基督的祷告，都预设了他的得荣耀」[奥尔肖森]。
求——我离去之后，「奉我的名」求。
Original em inglês
24. Hitherto have ye asked nothing in my name--for "prayer in the name of Christ, and prayer to Christ, presuppose His glorification" [OLSHAUSEN].
ask--when I am gone, "in My name."
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25. 用比喻——用晦涩的语言，与「明明地告诉」相对——即借着圣灵的教导。
Original em inglês
25. in proverbs--in obscure language, opposed to "showing plainly"--that is, by the Spirit's teaching.
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26. 我并不是说……我要为你们求父——仿佛他本来不愿意帮助你：基督确实为他百姓求父，但并非为要扭转一只不情愿的耳朵。
Original em inglês
26. I say not . . . I will pray the Father for you--as if He were not of Himself disposed to aid you: Christ does pray the Father for His people, but not for the purpose of inclining an unwilling ear.
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27. 因为父自己爱你们，因为你们已经爱我——他们的这爱，是由神在他儿子之恩赐里那永远的爱所唤起的，又被镜映在信的人心中，并安息在他亲爱的儿子身上。
Original em inglês
27. For the Father himself loveth you, because ye have loved me--This love of theirs is that which is called forth by God's eternal love in the gift of His Son mirrored in the hearts of those who believe, and resting on His dear Son.
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28. 我从父出来等等——即，「你们是对的，因为我确实是如此出来，也快要回到我来的地方去。」这真理的回声——在
Joh 16:27
中已被暗示——仿佛是出声的思想，因为这在这样一个题目上、在这样一个时刻，对他自己的灵是甘甜的。
Original em inglês
28. I came forth from the Father, &c.--that is, "And ye are right, for I have indeed so come forth,and shall soon return whence I came." This echo of the truth, alluded to in
Joh 16:27,
seems like thinking aloud, as if it were grateful to His own spirit on such a subject and at such an hour.
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29, 30. 他的门徒……说：如今你是明说，并不用比喻了——其实并不比以前更明；完全清楚的时机尚未来到；但他们既已隐约瞥见他的意思（不过如此），便热切地表达他们的满意，仿佛乐意从他的话里找出任何意思。这何等感人地显出他们心中的单纯与他们信心的幼稚！
Original em inglês
29, 30. His disciples said, . . . now speakest thou plainly, and speakest no proverb--hardly more so than before; the time for perfect plainness was yet to come; but having caught a glimpse of His meaning (it was nothing more), they eagerly express their satisfaction, as if glad to make anything of His words. How touchingly does this show both the simplicity of their hearts and the infantile character of their faith!
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31-33. 耶稣……说：现在你们信吗？——即，「你们信是对的，因为这信心很快就要受试验，而且是按你们万万想不到的方式。」
时候将到，其实已经到了，你们要分散，各归自己的地方去，留下我独自一人；然而我不是独自一人——此处确实表达了一种深沉可畏的、对所经历之不公的感觉，却是何等充满爱意！他不会被完全弃绝，有一位不会离弃他，这是他不能言喻的支持与安慰；但作为人，他对同情的律极为敏感，他竟要失去一切属人的支持与鼓舞，这要在他们后来回想之时使他们充满羞愧，正如在救赎主需要的时刻，他心中充满尖锐的忧愁。「我指望有人体恤，却没有一个；指望有人安慰，却找不着一个」
(Ps 69:20)。
因为父与我同在——何等近，并带着何等的扶持能力，谁能说尽呢？
Original em inglês
31-33. Jesus answered . . . Do ye now believe?--that is, "It is well ye do, for it is soon to be tested, and in a way ye little expect."
the hour cometh, yea, is now come, that ye shall be scattered, every man to his own, and shall leave me alone; and yet I am not alone--A deep and awful sense of wrong experienced is certainly expressed here, but how lovingly! That He was not to be utterly deserted, that there was One who would not forsake Him, was to Him matter of ineffable support and consolation; but that He should be without all human countenance and cheer, who as Man was exquisitely sensitive to the law of sympathy, would fill themselves with as much shame, when they afterwards recurred to it, as the Redeemer's heart in His hour of need with pungent sorrow. "I looked for some to take pity, but there was none; and for comforters, but I found none"
(Ps 69:20).
because the Father is with me--how near, and with what sustaining power, who can express?
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33. 我将这些事告诉你们——不是指紧接着的前几句话，而是指这整篇讲论，其中这些是最后几句，他便以此作为总结。
是要叫你们在我里面有平安——按上面所解释的那崇高意义。（见
Joh 14:27）。
在世上你们有苦难——特别因这世界对那些「不属世界、却从世界中蒙拣选」之人的致命反对而生。所以所应许的「平安」远非一种风平浪静的平安。
我已经胜了世界——不仅在你们以先，更是为你们而胜，使你们也能如此
(1Jo 5:4, 5)。
Original em inglês
33. These things I have spoken unto you--not the immediately preceding words, but this whole discourse, of which these were the very last words, and which He thus winds up.
that in me ye might have peace--in the sublime sense before explained. (See on
Joh 14:27).
In the world ye shall have tribulation--specially arising from its deadly opposition to those who "are not of the world, but chosen out of the world." So that the "peace" promised was far from an unruffled one.
I have overcome the world--not only before you, but for you, that ye may be able to do the same
(1Jo 5:4, 5).
Joh 16:1-33.
晚餐席间的讲论结束。
1-5. 我将这些事告诉你们，是要叫你们不至于跌倒——包括刚刚所给的警告和勉励。