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Job Capítulo 33
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Job 33:1-33.
简体中文
Original em inglês
Job 33:1-33.
ADDRESS TO JOB, AS
(Job 32:1-22)
TO THE FRIENDS.
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2. 口（mouth）——更当译作“上颚”，即味觉辨别之处。人人都用口说话，但少有人像以利户那样先以辨别力试验自己的言语，只说真正美好的话（伯6:30；12:11）。
已经开口（hath spoken）——更当译作“继续发言”。
Original em inglês
2. mouth--rather, "palate," whereby the taste discerns. Every man speaks with his mouth, but few, as Elihu, try their words with discrimination first, and only say what is really good
(Job 6:30; 12:11).
hath spoken--rather, "proceeds to speak."
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3. 我要按我内心的确信发言。
明明地说（clearly）——更当译作“纯净地”；即真诚地，不像朋友们那样因激情而歪曲真理。
Original em inglês
3. I will speak according to my inward conviction.
clearly--rather, "purely"; sincerely, not distorting the truth through passion, as the friends did.
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4. 神的灵造了我（The Spirit of God hath made me）——正如祂造了你：即伯33:6的后半句（创2:7）。所以你不必像怕神那样怕我（伯33:7；伯9:34）。另一方面，“全能者的气使我得启发”（如伯32:8）；不是如英文译本所说“赐我生命”；故此“我是照你所愿（伯9:32、33）站在神的地位”向你说话；是神与你之间的“听讼的人”、仲裁者或中保。如此，圣灵设计以利户作耶稣基督的预表（伯33:23-26）。
Original em inglês
4. The Spirit of God hath made me--as He did thee: latter clause of
Job 33:6
(Ge 2:7).
Therefore thou needest not fear me, as thou wouldest God
(Job 33:7; Job 9:34).
On the other hand, "the breath of the Almighty hath inspired me" (as
Job 32:8);
not as English Version, "given me life"; therefore "I am according to thy wish
(Job 9:32, 33)
in God's stead" to thee; a "daysman," umpire, or mediator, between God and thee. So Elihu was designed by the Holy Ghost to be a type of Jesus Christ
(Job 33:23-26).
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5. 取自法庭的意象。
站起来（stand up）——暗指约伯的话（伯30:20）。
Original em inglês
5. Images from a court of justice.
stand up--alluding to Job's words
(Job 30:20).
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6. （参伯33:4注释；伯31:35；13:3、20、21）。
捏成（formed）——我虽作神的代表，却不过是受造者，与你一样。阿拉伯文作“压在一起”，如陶匠在造器皿时把一团泥压在一起[翁布雷特（UMBREIT）]。希伯来文作“切下”，即从泥中取下来造器皿的那部分[毛雷尔（MAURER）]。
Original em inglês
6. (See on
Job 33:4;
Job 31:35; 13:3, 20, 21).
formed--Though acting as God's representative, I am but a creature, like thyself. Arabic, "pressed together," as a mass of clay by the potter, in forming a vessel [UMBREIT]. Hebrew, "cut off," as the portion taken from the clay to form it [MAURER].
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7. 手（hand）——暗指约伯的话（伯13:21）。
Original em inglês
7. hand--alluding to Job's words
(Job 13:21).
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8. 你的话（thy words）——（伯10:7；16:17；23:11、12；27:5、6；29:14）。在伯9:30、13:23中，约伯曾承认有罪；但他言语的总精神是坚持自己为“清洁”，并指控神不义。他在反对朋友们对他假冒为善的虚假指控时，走到了相反的极端。即使是敬虔人，虽愿笼统地承认自己是罪人，往往也不喜欢具体的罪被作为指控提出来。因此需要苦难，使他们感到在他们里面的罪甚至配受比所受更苦的待遇，而神待他们并无不义。如此至终他们在神面前自卑，便发现苦难是为他们真正的益处，于是苦难至终被挪去——或在今世，或至少在死时。教导此事正是以利户的使命。
Original em inglês
8. thy words--
(Job 10:7; 16:17; 23:11, 12; 27:5, 6; 29:14).
In
Job 9:30; 13:23,
Job had acknowledged sin; but the general spirit of his words was to maintain himself to be "clean," and to charge God with injustice. He went too far on the opposite side in opposing the friends' false charge of hypocrisy. Even the godly, though willing to confess themselves sinners in general, often dislike sin in particular to be brought as a charge against them. Affliction is therefore needed to bring them to feel that sin in them deserves even worse than they suffer and that God does them no injustice. Then at last humbled under God they find, affliction is for their real good, and so at last it is taken away either here, or at least at death. To teach this is Elihu's mission.
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9. 清洁（clean）——即无瑕疵。
Original em inglês
9. clean--spotless.
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10. 缘故（occasions）——即敌意的因由；原文作“仇恨”（伯13:24；16:9；19:11；30:21）。
Original em inglês
10. occasions--for hostility; literally, "enmities"
(Job 13:24; 16:9; 19:11; 30:21).
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11. （伯13:27）。
留意（marketh）——即仔细察看（伯14:16；7:12；31:4）。
Original em inglês
11.
(Job 13:27).
marketh--narrowly watches
(Job 14:16; 7:12; 31:4).
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12. in this——即对神及其治理的看法。神绝不会嫉妒地“监视”人,纵然人“无可指责”,却视之为“仇敌”,或视人如同对等者而生畏。因为“神比世人更大!”人里面必有罪——纵使他不是伪君子——这罪需要借受苦加以矫正,以为受苦者之益处。
Original em inglês
12. in this--view of God and His government. It cannot be that God should jealously "watch" man, though "spotless," as an "enemy," or as one afraid of him as an equal. For "God is greater than man!" There must be sin in man, even though he be no hypocrite, which needs correction by suffering for the sufferer's good.
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13.
(Isa 45:9)。
his matters——作为。我们的本分不是与神“争辩”,而是顺服。要信这是对的,因是神所行,不是因为我们看明了他这样行的一切原因。
Original em inglês
13.
(Isa 45:9).
his matters--ways. Our part is, not to "strive" with God, but to submit. To believe it is right because He does it, not because we see all the reasons for His doing it.
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14. 译作:“然而人却不留意”;或更宜如 UMBREIT 所译:“是,二次(他重复警告)——若人仍不留心”那最初的警告。以利户暗示神降苦难的原因是:当神以多种方式传达他的旨意时,人在顺境中并未留意;故神必须试试苦难能成就什么\n (Joh 15:2; Ps 62:11; Isa 28:10, 13)。
Original em inglês
14. Translate, "Yet, man regardeth it not"; or rather, as UMBREIT, "Yea, twice (He repeats the warning)--if man gives no heed" to the first warning. Elihu implies that God's reason for sending affliction is because, when God has communicated His will in various ways, man in prosperity has not heeded it; God therefore must try what affliction will effect
(Joh 15:2; Ps 62:11; Isa 28:10, 13).
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15. slumberings——轻浅之睡,与“沉睡”相对。以利户所指的是以利法
(Job 4:13),
也包括约伯自己\n (Job 7:14)。
“梦”与“异象”——即实际显现的异象——都曾是当时神对人说话的方式\n (Ge 20:3)。
Original em inglês
15. slumberings--light is opposed to "deep sleep." Elihu has in view Eliphaz
(Job 4:13),
and also Job himself
(Job 7:14).
"Dreams" in sleep, and "visions" of actual apparitions, were among the ways whereby God then spake to man
(Ge 20:3).
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16. 字面作:“以警告封缄(他们耳)归于己”,即以印的确定与隐秘启示他的警告[UMBREIT]。安全地封缄\n (Job 37:7)。
Original em inglês
16. Literally, "sealeth (their ears) to Himself by warnings," that is, with the sureness and secrecy of a seal He reveals His warnings [UMBREIT]. To seal up securely
(Job 37:7).
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17. purpose——旁注作“作为”。如\n Job 36:9。
照样,“事务”在贬义上使用\n (1Sa 20:19)。
以利户暗指约伯的话\n (Job 17:11)。
“骄”是一个敞开的“坑”\n (Job 33:18),
神隐藏或遮盖它,免得人掉在其中。连虔敬者也需要学习试炼所教的功课,即“谦卑伏在神大能的手下”。
Original em inglês
17. purpose--Margin, "work." So
Job 36:9.
So "business" in a bad sense
(1Sa 20:19).
Elihu alludes to Job's words
(Job 17:11).
"Pride," an open "pit"
(Job 33:18)
which God hides or covers up, lest man should fall into it. Even the godly need to learn the lesson which trials teach, to "humble themselves under the mighty hand of God."
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18. his soul——他的生命。
the pit——坟墓;地狱的象征。
perishing by the sword——即暴死;在旧约中是不虔者将来刑罚的象征。
Original em inglês
18. his soul--his life.
the pit--the grave; a symbol of hell.
perishing by the sword--that is, a violent death; in the Old Testament a symbol of the future punishment of the ungodly.
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19. 当人不留意夜间的警告时,他便受责打等等。以利户提出的新意是:苦难是管教性的\n (Job 36:10);
是为虔敬者的益处。
multitude——如旁注希伯来文(Kərî)所读。更宜依正文(Chətîb)作:“并他骨中不绝的(强烈)争斗”;即他骨中不息的烧热\n (Ps 38:3)
[UMBREIT]。
Original em inglês
19. When man does not heed warnings of the night, he is chastened, &c. The new thought suggested by Elihu is that affliction is disciplinary
(Job 36:10);
for the good of the godly.
multitude--so the Margin, Hebrew (Keri). Better with the text (Chetib), "And with the perpetual (strong) contest of his bones"; the never-resting fever in his bones
(Ps 38:3)
[UMBREIT].
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20. life——即胃口,通常维系“生命”的\n (Job 38:39; Ps 107:18; Ec 12:5)。
病使人对食物失去欲望,象征苦难除去那滋养属灵骄傲之热的各种贪欲。
soul——欲望。
Original em inglês
20. life--that is, the appetite, which ordinarily sustains "life"
(Job 38:39; Ps 107:18; Ec 12:5).
The taking away of desire for food by sickness symbolizes the removal by affliction of lust, for things which foster the spiritual fever of pride.
soul--desire.
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21. 他素来显眼的肉体如今“不得再见”。他素来看不见的骨头如今显得突出。
stick out——字面作“赤露”。这是旁记希伯来文(Kərî)的读法。正文(Chətîb)读作名词“(成为)赤露”。Kərî无疑是抄写者的解释性读法。
Original em inglês
21. His flesh once prominent "can no more be seen." His bones once not seen now appear prominent.
stick out--literally, "are bare." The Margin, Hebrew (Keri) reading. The text (Chetib) reads it a noun "(are become) bareness." The Keri was no doubt an explanatory reading of transcribers.
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22. destroyers——神所差遣以终结人生命的死亡天使\n (2Sa 24:16; Ps 78:49)。
然而,也可能指拟人化的死之痛苦;即“啃嗑者”(见\n Job 30:17)。
Original em inglês
22. destroyers--angels of death commissioned by God to end man's life
(2Sa 24:16; Ps 78:49).
The death pains personified may, however, be meant; so "gnawers" (see on
Job 30:17).
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23. 以利户指自己是神所差遣\n (Job 32:8; 33:6)
的“使者”,那位要向约伯说明、并为神的公义辩白的“传译”;以利法曾否认约伯能得这样的使者\n (Job 5:1),
而约伯\n (Job 9:33)
也曾切望有这样一位在他与神之间的“听讼之人”或仲裁。赐福的“使者”与那“毁灭者”\n (Job 33:23)
相对。
with him——若赐给受苦者。传译的职事被说成是“向人指明神的正直”——即他在其作为中的正直;或如 UMBREIT,作“人对神正直的行为”\n (Pr 14:2)。
前者更佳;约伯维护自己的“正直”\n (Job 16:17; 27:5, 6);
以利户则相反,维护神的正直,并以为人真正的正直在于顺服神。“千人中之一”指难得之人。如耶稣基督\n (So 5:10)。
以利户——神所差遣为今世拯救的中保——是神人耶稣基督永远拯救中保的预表:“盟约的使者”\n (Mal 3:1)。
这正是圣灵奇妙的工作:人与事在其自身领域内如此运行,无意间预示了他——他的“见证就是预言的灵”;正如同一点可为一小同心圆与一远大同心圆的中心。
Original em inglês
23. Elihu refers to himself as the divinely-sent
(Job 32:8; 33:6)
"messenger," the "interpreter" to explain to Job and vindicate God's righteousness; such a one Eliphaz had denied that Job could look for
(Job 5:1),
and Job
(Job 9:33)
had wished for such a "daysman" or umpire between him and God. The "messenger" of good is antithetical to the "destroyers"
(Job 33:23).
with him--if there be vouchsafed to the sufferer. The office of the interpreter is stated "to show unto man God's uprightness" in His dealings; or, as UMBREIT, "man's upright course towards God"
(Pr 14:2).
The former is better; Job maintained his own "uprightness"
(Job 16:17; 27:5, 6);
Elihu on the contrary maintains God's, and that man's true uprightness lies in submission to God. "One among a thousand" is a man rarely to be found. So Jesus Christ
(So 5:10).
Elihu, the God-sent mediator of a temporal deliverance, is a type of the God-man Jesus Christ the Mediator of eternal deliverance: "the messenger of the covenant"
(Mal 3:1).
This is the wonderful work of the Holy Ghost, that persons and events move in their own sphere in such a way as unconsciously to shadow forth Him, whose "testimony is the Spirit of prophecy"; as the same point may be center of a small and of a vastly larger concentric circle.
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24. 为\n Job 33:23
的应句。
he——神。
Deliver——字面作“救赎”;此词与“赎价”都涉及神赦免并解救受苦者的代价;此处首要指以利户的代求。但这话太强,其全意不仅限于此。圣灵所默示的话,惟在神借耶稣基督所付的代价所“找到的永远救赎”中才得着完全的实现;即他的血与他有功德的代求\n (Heb 9:12)。
“得”字面作“找到”;暗示寻找者的恳切热心、智慧与忠信,以及找到之新颖与喜乐。耶稣基督不可能不找到它,但他的寻求仍是必要的[BENGEL],\n (Lu 15:8)。
父神是那寻找者\n (Ps 89:19)。
耶稣基督是救赎主,他对他说:救赎(如希伯来文)他免于下坑等等\n (2Co 5:19)。
ransom——以利户泛用此词,但圣灵意为应用于耶稣基督的严格意义,即为释放而付的代价\n (Ex 21:30),
一种挽回祭(即“同时”售出之意,即“使两个”疏远者和好),遮盖,如以松香遮盖方舟,预表遮盖我们这些罪人免受忿怒\n (Ge 6:14; Ps 32:1)。
此处的坑,首要指坟墓\n (Isa 38:17),
但主要预表属灵的坑\n (Zec 9:11)。
Original em inglês
24. Apodosis to
Job 33:23.
he--God.
Deliver--literally, "redeem"; in it and "ransom" there is reference to the consideration, on account of which God pardons and relieves the sufferers; here it is primarily the intercession of Elihu. But the language is too strong for its full meaning to be exhausted by this. The Holy Ghost has suggested language which receives its full realization only in the "eternal redemption found" by God in the price paid by Jesus Christ for it; that is, His blood and meritorious intercession
(Heb 9:12).
"Obtained," literally, "found"; implying the earnest zeal, wisdom, and faithfulness of the finder, and the newness and joyousness of the finding. Jesus Christ could not but have found it, but still His seeking it was needed [BENGEL],
(Lu 15:8).
God the Father, is the Finder
(Ps 89:19).
Jesus Christ the Redeemer, to whom He saith, Redeem (so Hebrew) him from going, &c.
(2Co 5:19).
ransom--used in a general sense by Elihu, but meant by the Holy Ghost in its strict sense as applied to Jesus Christ, of a price paid for deliverance
(Ex 21:30),
an atonement (that is, means of selling at once, that is, reconciling "two" who are estranged), a covering, as of the ark with pitch, typical of what covers us sinners from wrath
(Ge 6:14; Ps 32:1).
The pit is primarily here the grave
(Isa 38:17),
but the spiritual pit is mainly shadowed forth
(Zec 9:11).
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25-28. 归向神恩的结果;对约伯字面上是今世的复兴;属灵上则是永远的重生。这些惊人话语不能局限于其今世意义——正如以利户所用\n (1Pe 1:11, 12)。
his flesh shall be fresher than a child's——如乃缦,\n 2Ki 5:14,
属灵上,\n Joh 3:3-7。
Original em inglês
25-28. Effects of restoration to God's favor; literally, to Job a temporal revival; spiritually, an eternal regeneration. The striking words cannot be restricted to their temporal meaning, as used by Elihu
(1Pe 1:11, 12).
his flesh shall be fresher than a child's--so Naaman,
2Ki 5:14,
spiritually,
Joh 3:3-7.
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26. 约伯将不再如他抱怨的那样徒然向神祷告\n (Job 23:3, 8, 9)。
特别适用于在耶稣基督里得赎的人\n (Joh 16:23-27)。
he——约伯。
shall see his face——或作:神必使约伯见他的面[MAURER]。神不再“掩面不顾”\n (Job 13:24)。
对现今的信徒为真\n (Joh 14:21, 22);
永世亦然\n (Ps 17:15; Joh 17:24)。
his——神的
righteousness——神要使复兴的约伯不再(“我颠倒是非”,\n Job 33:27)
怀疑神的公义,反而在他的作为上称他为义。悔改者称神为义\n (Ps 51:4)。
照样,信徒得以在耶稣基督里看见神的义\n (Isa 45:24; 46:13)。
Original em inglês
26. Job shall no longer pray to God, as he complains, in vain
(Job 23:3, 8, 9).
True especially to the redeemed in Jesus Christ
(Joh 16:23-27).
he--Job.
shall see his face--or, God shall make Job to see His face [MAURER]. God shall no longer "hide His face"
(Job 13:24).
True to the believer now
(Joh 14:21, 22);
eternally
(Ps 17:15; Joh 17:24).
his--God's
righteousness--God will again make the restored Job no longer ("I perverted . . . right,"
Job 33:27)
doubt God's justice, but to justify Him in His dealings. The penitent justifies God
(Ps 51:4).
So the believer is made to see God's righteousness in Jesus Christ
(Isa 45:24; 46:13).
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27. he looketh——神。更宜如 UMBREIT 所译:“如今他(那复兴的悔改者)欢然歌唱(对应于“欢乐”,\n Job 33:26; Ps 51:12),在众人面前,说”等等。\n (Pr 25:20; Ps 66:16; 116:14)。
perverted——使直的变为曲:如约伯曾曲解神的性情。
profited——字面作“向我平齐”;更宜作:“我的刑罚与我的罪不相称”(如琐法,\n Job 11:6);
与约伯至今所说的相反\n (Job 16:17; Ps 103:10; Ezr 9:13)。
Original em inglês
27. he looketh--God. Rather, with UMBREIT, "Now he (the restored penitent) singeth joyfully (answering to "joy,"
Job 33:26; Ps 51:12)
before men, and saith," &c.
(Pr 25:20; Ps 66:16; 116:14).
perverted--made the straight crooked: as Job had misrepresented God's character.
profited--literally, "was made even" to me; rather, "My punishment was not commensurate with my sin" (so Zophar,
Job 11:6);
the reverse of what Job heretofore said
(Job 16:17; Ps 103:10; Ezr 9:13).
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28. (参
Job 33:24);
更宜据希伯来文文本(英文译本依旁注、希伯来文 Keri 读作“他的灵魂,他的生命”),译作:“他救赎了我的灵魂……我的生命。”这是那悔改者在众人面前所作见证的延续。
light——
(Job 33:30; Job 3:16, 20; Ps 56:13; Ec 11:7)。
Original em inglês
28. (See on
Job 33:24);
rather, as Hebrew text (English Version reads as the Margin, Hebrew, Keri, "his soul, his life"), "He hath delivered my soul . . . my life." Continuation of the penitent's testimony to the people.
light--
(Job 33:30; Job 3:16, 20; Ps 56:13; Ec 11:7).
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29. 旁注作“两三次”,暗指
Job 33:14:
第一次借异象,
Job 33:15-17;
第二次借苦难,
Job 33:19-22;
如今借“使者”,为第三次,
Job 33:23。
Original em inglês
29. Margin, "twice and thrice," alluding to
Job 33:14;
once, by visions,
Job 33:15-17;
secondly, by afflictions,
Job 33:19-22;
now, by the "messenger," thirdly,
Job 33:23.
30
Sem título
简体中文
30. 指
Job 33:28
(Ps 50:13)。
Original em inglês
30. Referring to
Job 33:28
(Ps 50:13).
32
Sem título
简体中文
32. justify——为你主持公道;若能既合公道又行得通,便宣告你无罪。到了
Job 33:33
以利户停下等候答复;随后在
Job 34:1
继续。
Original em inglês
32. justify--to do thee justice; and, if I can, consistently with it, to declare thee innocent. At
Job 33:33
Elihu pauses for a reply; then proceeds in
Job 34:1.
伯33:1-33。
对约伯的发言，正如（伯32:1-22）对朋友的发言一样