Comentário do capítulo
Numbers Capítulo 2
1
Nu 2:1-34.
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Original em inglês
Nu 2:1-34.
THE ORDER OF THE TRIBES IN THEIR TENTS.
2
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繁體中文
2. 各人要……在自己的旗幟之下，按着本父家的旗號安營——旗幟是具有一定公認形制的可見記號，用以指揮大隊人馬的行動。以色列人既被吩咐「各人要隨自己的旗幟、按着本父家的旗號安營」，這吩咐便被理解為暗示他們擁有三類旗號：（一）支派的大旗，作為百姓十二大族的集合標誌；（二）各分支的旗；（三）各家室的旗。最後一類是絕對必需的，因為在一個如此龐大的群體邊緣，單憑一支派一面旗無法被人看見。關於旗幟的形制、質料、顏色和圖樣，我們並無可靠資料。但很可能它們類似埃及的旗幟，只是去除了任何偶像的象徵。埃及的旗幟呈傘形或扇形，以鴕鳥羽毛、披巾等製成，高舉在長竿頂端，或如中央那面神聖大旗一樣安在車上，或扛在人肩上；另一些則可能像東方朝聖者夜間立在竿上的燈火。猶太作者說，希伯來各支派的旗幟取自雅各預言性的祝福所象徵的圖樣——猶大的是獅子，便雅憫的是狼，等等〔Ge 49:3-24〕； 而各旗號則以顏色相區分——每支派的顏色，與大祭司胸牌上代表該支派的寶石顏色相同〔Ex 28:17-21〕。
要離會幕稍遠安營——即「在對面」，隔着敬畏的距離。每一支派的位置依次具體說明，因為無論是行軍次序還是紮營佈置，每一支派都各有指定的職分。
Original em inglês
2. Every man . . . shall pitch by his own standard, with the ensign of their father's house--Standards were visible signs of a certain recognized form for directing the movements of large bodies of people. As the Israelites were commanded to encamp "each by his own standard, with the ensign of their father's house," the direction has been considered as implying that they possessed three varieties: (1) the great tribal standards, which served as rallying points for the twelve large clans of the people; (2) the standards of the subdivided portions; and, (3) those of families or houses. The latter must have been absolutely necessary, as one ensign only for a tribe would not have been visible at the extremities of so large a body. We possess no authentic information as to their forms, material, colors, and devices. But it is probable that they might bear some resemblance to those of Egypt, only stripped of any idolatrous symbols. These were of an umbrella or a fanlike form, made of ostrich feathers, shawls, &c., lifted on the points of long poles, which were borne, either like the sacred central one, on a car, or on men's shoulders, while others might be like the beacon lights which are set on poles by Eastern pilgrims at night. Jewish writers say that the standards of the Hebrew tribes were symbols borrowed from the prophetic blessing of Jacob--Judah's being a lion, Benjamin's a wolf, &c.
[Ge 49:3-24];
and that the ensigns or banners were distinguished by their colors--the colors of each tribe being the same as that of the precious stone representing that tribe in the breastplate of the high priest
[Ex 28:17-21].
far off about the tabernacle of the congregation shall they pitch--that is, "over against," at a reverential distance. The place of every tribe is successively and specifically described because each had a certain part assigned both in the order of march and the disposition of the encampment.
3
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繁體中文
3. 在東邊，向日出之處，按着軍隊安營的是猶大營的旗纛——猶大被置於一個由三個支派在其旗下匯聚的營的首位，據說其旗號合併了大祭司胸牌上各支派的顏色，卻以猶大之名稱之。他們被派駐東面，並在行軍時領頭——而路線大多朝東。
拿順——或作拿順
(Mt 1:4; Lu 3:32, 33)。
必作首領——看來那奉派督理數點的十二人，同時也被立為各支派的首領——這尊榮大概來自前文所提及的情形：他們世襲各族之長或「君」的職分。
Original em inglês
3. on the east side toward the rising of the sun shall they of the standard of the camp of Judah pitch throughout their armies--Judah, placed at the head of a camp composed of three tribes rallying under its standard, was said to have combined the united colors in the high priest's breastplate, but called by the name of Judah. They were appointed to occupy the east side and to take the lead in the march, which, for the most part, was in an easterly direction.
Nahshon--or Naasson
(Mt 1:4; Lu 3:32, 33).
shall be captain--It appears that the twelve men who were called to superintend the census were also appointed to be the captains of their respective tribes--a dignity which they owed probably to the circumstances, formerly noticed, of their holding the hereditary office of head or "prince."
5
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繁體中文
5. 在他旁邊安營的——即在他一側安營的。
Original em inglês
5. those that pitch next unto him--that is, on the one side.
7
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7. 又有西布倫支派——在另一側。猶大支派人數最多，以薩迦和西布倫也相當眾多；這三支派合在一起，便組成一支強大而威嚴的前鋒。
Original em inglês
7. Then the tribe of Zebulun--on the other side. While Judah's tribe was the most numerous, those of Issachar and Zebulun were also very numerous; so that the association of those three tribes formed a strong and imposing van.
10
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10-31. 在南邊，按着軍隊是流便營的旗纛——聖經對流便及其隨行支派在南、以法蓮及其同伴在西、但及其盟支派在北、以及猶大在東的位置描述，給人一個方形或四邊形的印象——若按每名兵丁在陣中佔一方肘來算，據計算其所佔面積達十二平方英里有餘。但在計算所佔空間時，不僅要算此處所給人數的兵丁，還要算上家眷、帳棚和輜重。帳幕——他們神聖君王的聖帳——以及環繞其周圍的利未人營盤（參
Nu 3:38）， 構成中央，正如一切遊牧民族紮營時首領的帳幕居中一樣。行軍時也恪守此序，只作必要的調整。猶大率先前行，其後大概是以薩迦和西布倫〔Nu 10:14-16〕。 流便、西緬和迦得構成第二大隊〔Nu 10:18-20〕。 其後是中央隊，由扛抬帳幕的利未人組成〔Nu 10:21〕。 然後第三後隊由以法蓮、瑪拿西和便雅憫組成〔Nu 10:22-24〕， 而最末的位置歸於但、亞設和拿弗他利〔Nu 10:25-27〕。 如此，人數最多的猶大作前鋒；次強的但殿後；而流便和以法蓮及其各自相連的支派人數最少、力量最弱，便居於中央。（參
Nu 10:13）。
Original em inglês
10-31. On the south side the standard of the camp of Reuben--The description given of the position of Reuben and his attendant tribes on the south, of Ephraim and his associates on the west, of Dan and his confederates on the north, with that of Judah on the east, suggests the idea of a square or quadrangle, which, allowing one square cubit to each soldier while remaining close in the ranks, has been computed to extend over an area of somewhat more than twelve square miles. But into our calculations of the occupied space must be taken not only the fighting men, whose numbers are here given, but also the families, tents, and baggage. The tabernacle or sacred tent of their Divine King, with the camp of the Levites around it (see on
Nu 3:38),
formed the center, as does the chief's in the encampment of all nomad people. In marching, this order was adhered to, with some necessary variations. Judah led the way, followed, it is most probable, by Issachar and Zebulun
[Nu 10:14-16].
Reuben, Simeon, and Gad formed the second great division
[Nu 10:18-20].
They were followed by the central company, composed of the Levites, bearing the tabernacle
[Nu 10:21].
Then the third and posterior squadron consisted of Ephraim, Manasseh, and Benjamin
[Nu 10:22-24],
while the hindmost place was assigned to Dan, Asher, and Naphtali
[Nu 10:25-27].
Thus Judah's, which was the most numerous, formed the van: and Dan's, which was the next in force, brought up the rear; while Reuben's and Ephraim's, with the tribes associated with them respectively, being the smallest and weakest, were placed in the center. (See on
Nu 10:13).
Nu 2:1-34.
各支派安營的次序。