Comentário do capítulo
Zephaniah Capítulo 2
1
Zep 2:1-15.
简体中文
Original em inglês
Zep 2:1-15.
EXHORTATION TO REPENT BEFORE THE CHALDEAN INVADERS COME. DOOM OF JUDAH'S FOES, THE PHILISTINES, MOAB, AMMON, WITH THEIR IDOLS, AND ETHIOPIA AND ASSYRIA.
1. Gather yourselves--to a religious assembly, to avert the judgment by prayers
(Joe 2:16)
[GROTIUS]. Or, so as not to be dissipated "as chaff"
(Zep 2:2).
The Hebrew is akin to a root meaning "chaff." Self-confidence and corrupt desires are the dissipation from which they are exhorted to gather themselves [CALVIN]. The foe otherwise, like the wind, will scatter you "as the chaff." Repentance is the gathering of themselves meant.
nation not desired--(Compare
2Ch 21:20),
that is, not desirable; unworthy of the grace or favor of God; and yet God so magnifies that grace as to be still solicitous for their safety, though they had destroyed themselves and forfeited all claims on His grace [CALVIN]. The Margin from Chaldee Version has, "not desirous," namely of returning to God. MAURER and GESENIUS translate, "Not waxing pale," that is, dead to shame. English Version is best.
2
Sem título
简体中文
2. 在命令发出之前——即在我所宣布、针对你们的神之命令（番 1:1-18）应验 之前。胎儿隐于母腹，待其时而出见光；同样，神虽一时隐藏他的报应，却必在适当的时节将其 发出来。
那日如糠秕过去之前——即在悔改之 日子 过去 之前，以及随那日子你们这些不敬虔之人如 糠秕 般消灭之前（伯 21:18；诗 1:4）。马乌勒（Maurer）以括号理解：“那日（即时日）如糠秕（即极快地）过去”。加尔文（Calvin）则译作：“在命令发出”（所预言的报应）之前，（然后）糠秕（犹大人）必在一日之内，即转瞬之间过去——他们本以为被倾覆还要很久。英文译本 最佳；后一子句解释前一子句，故第二个“之前”虽未表达，却已暗含。
Original em inglês
2. Before the decree bring forth--that is, Before God's decree against you announced by me
(Zep 1:1-18)
have its fulfilment. As the embryo lies hid in the womb, and then emerges to light in its own due time, so though God for a time hides His vengeance, yet He brings it forth at the proper season.
before the day pass as the chaff--that is, before the day for repentance pass, and with it you, the ungodly, pass away as the chaff
(Job 21:18; Ps 1:4).
MAURER puts it parenthetically, "the day (that is, time) passes as the chaff (that is, most quickly)." CALVIN, "before the decree bring forth" (the predicted vengeance), (then) the chaff (the Jews) shall pass in a day, that is, in a moment, though they thought that it would be long before they could be overthrown. English Version is best; the latter clause being explanatory of the former, and so the before being understood, not expressed.
3
Sem título
简体中文
3. 如同在番 2:1（参 注释，见番 1:12）中他警告百姓中顽梗者要自卑，如今他劝勉“谦卑人”继续行其正道，好使他们得以逃避普遍的灾祸（诗 76:9）。谦卑人 在神的管教之下顺服神的旨意，而不敬虔之人却因此更加刚硬。
寻求耶和华——与那些“不寻求耶和华”的人相对（番 1:6）。谦卑人 不可随从众人之所行，而当立刻寻求神。
他的公义——即律法。“寻求耶和华”的正途是“行公义”，而非仅仅热衷于外表的仪文。
寻求谦卑——不要乖谬地向神的作为发怨言，而当忍耐顺服，安静等候拯救。
或者可以隐藏——（赛 26:20；摩 5:6）。这措辞并不暗示敬虔之人得救的疑惑，而是表达其艰难——既叫不敬虔之人看见自己灭亡的必然，也叫忠信之人更加珍视在自己情形中神的恩典（彼前 4:17-19）[加尔文（Calvin）]。参赛王下 25:12。
Original em inglês
3. As in
Zep 2:1
(compare Note, see on
Zep 1:12)
he had warned the hardened among the people to humble themselves, so now he admonishes "the meek" to proceed in their right course, that so they may escape the general calamity
(Ps 76:9).
The meek bow themselves under God's chastisements to God's will, whereas the ungodly become only the more hardened by them.
Seek ye the Lord--in contrast to those that "sought not the Lord"
(Zep 1:6).
The meek are not to regard what the multitudes do, but seek God at once.
his judgment--that is, law. The true way of "seeking the Lord" is to "work judgment," not merely to be zealous about outward ordinances.
seek meekness--not perversely murmuring against God's dealings, but patiently submitting to them, and composedly waiting for deliverance.
it may be ye shall be hid--
(Isa 26:20; Am 5:6).
This phrase does not imply doubt of the deliverance of the godly, but expresses the difficulty of it, as well that the ungodly may see the certainty of their doom, as also that the faithful may value the more the grace of God in their case
(1Pe 4:17-19)
[CALVIN]. Compare
2Ki 25:12.
4
Sem título
简体中文
4. 因为——他以邻邦即将遭受的刑罚为据，作为不敬虔者应当悔改（番 2:1）、敬虔者应当持守的理由——如此他们便可在普遍的灾祸中逃脱。
迦萨必被撇弃——希伯来文 中有谐音双关：Gaza Gazubah；迦萨必被撇弃，正如其名所示。下一子句的 希伯来文 亦然：Ekron teeakeer。
正午——因炎热，东方人通常午睡，军事行动也暂停（撒下 4:5）。因此 正午 的攻击意味着突袭、出其不意（耶 6:4、5；15:8）。
以革伦——此处提及非利士 四 座城，而其首要城市通常为 五 座。迦特未提，因当时在犹大治下。大卫曾征服之（代上 18:1）。约兰年间非利士人几乎夺回（代下 21:16），但乌西雅（代下 26:6）与希西家（王下 18:8）既已征服他们，迦特便归于犹大。摩 1:6；亚 9:5、6；耶 25:20 同样只提及非利士 四 城。
Original em inglês
4. For--He makes the punishment awaiting the neighboring states an argument why the ungodly should repent
(Zep 2:1)
and the godly persevere, namely, that so they may escape from the general calamity.
Gaza shall be forsaken--In the Hebrew there is a play of similar sounds, Gaza Gazubah; Gaza shall be forsaken, as its name implies. So the Hebrew of the next clause, Ekron teeakeer.
at the noonday--when on account of the heat Orientals usually sleep, and military operations are suspended
(2Sa 4:5).
Hence an attack at noon implies one sudden and unexpected
(Jer 6:4, 5; 15:8).
Ekron--Four cities of the Philistines are mentioned, whereas five was the normal number of their leading cities. Gath is omitted, being at this time under the Jews' dominion. David had subjugated it
(1Ch 18:1).
Under Joram the Philistines almost regained it
(2Ch 21:16),
but Uzziah
(2Ch 26:6)
and Hezekiah
(2Ki 18:8)
having conquered them, it remained under the Jews.
Am 1:6; Zec 9:5, 6; Jer 25:20,
similarly mention only four cities of the Philistines.
5
Sem título
简体中文
5. 沿海之地的居民——即居于迦南西南沿岸狭长地带的非利士人。字面作海之“绳”或“界线”（参赛耶 47:7；结 25:16）。
基利提人——即克里特人，因非利士人源自克里特而以此名称之（申 2:23；耶 47:4；摩 9:7）。
非利士 意为“移民”。
迦南……非利士人之地——他们占据 迦南 的西南部（书 13:2、3）；这名称暗示他们必与那地早期的居民同遭毁灭的命运。
Original em inglês
5. inhabitants of the seacoast--the Philistines dwelling on the strip of seacoast southwest of Canaan. Literally, the "cord" or "line" of sea (compare
Jer 47:7; Eze 25:16).
the Cherethites--the Cretans, a name applied to the Philistines as sprung from Crete
(De 2:23; Jer 47:4; Am 9:7).
Philistine means "an emigrant."
Canaan . . . land of the Philistines--They occupied the southwest of Canaan
(Jos 13:2, 3);
a name which hints that they are doomed to the same destruction as the early occupants of the land.
6
Sem título
简体中文
6. 牧人的住处和羊圈的草棚——当译作“带蓄水池（即在土中所 挖 的水窖）的牧人住处”。该地将不再有稠密的人口与耕作，而要成为游牧牧人羊群的牧场。“所挖的蓄水池”之 希伯来文 Ceroth 似为谐音双关，暗指基利提人之名（番 2:5）：他们的地必如其民族之名所示，成为 蓄水池 之地。马乌勒（Maurer）译作“牧人羊群的 筵席”，即一片广阔的牧场。
Original em inglês
6. dwellings and cottages for shepherds--rather, "dwellings with cisterns" (that is, water-tanks dug in the earth) for shepherds. Instead of a thick population and tillage, the region shall become a pasturage for nomad shepherds' flocks. The Hebrew for "dug cisterns," Ceroth, seems a play on sounds, alluding to their name Cherethites
(Zep 2:5):
Their land shall become what their national name implies, a land of cisterns. MAURER translates, "Feasts for shepherds' (flocks)," that is, one wide pasturage.
7
Sem título
简体中文
7. 犹大所剩下的人——即在将临之灾后余留、并要从被掳中归回的犹大人。
在其上牧放——即在那沿海地带的牧场上牧放（番 2:6）。
眷顾——以怜悯眷顾（出 4:31）。
Original em inglês
7. remnant of . . . Judah--those of the Jews who shall be left after the coming calamity, and who shall return from exile.
feed thereupon--namely, in the pastures of that seacoast region
(Zep 2:6).
visit--in mercy
(Ex 4:31).
8
Sem título
简体中文
8. 我已听见——对犹大适时的安慰：当摩押与亚扪肆无忌惮地攻击犹大却似乎不受罚之时，神说：“这一切我都听见了，尽管我因未立即降罚，在人看来似乎未加注意。”
自高自大——行事骄傲，侵犯犹大疆土（耶 48:29；49:1；参番 2:10；诗 35:26；俄 12）。
Original em inglês
8. I have heard--A seasonable consolation to Judah when wantonly assailed by Moab and Ammon with impunity: God saith, "I have heard it all, though I might seem to men not to have observed it because I did not immediately inflict punishment."
magnified themselves--acted haughtily, invading the territory of Judah
(Jer 48:29; 49:1;
compare
Zep 2:10; Ps 35:26; Ob 12).
9
Sem título
简体中文
9. 荨麻滋生之处——或译荨麻 漫生 之地，即被其覆盖之处。
盐坑——见于死海之南。春季水溢，蒸发后留下盐。盐地荒芜（士 9:45；诗 107:34 旁注）。
必得他们为业——即得他们的地为业；这是报应他们之占据犹大之地。
Original em inglês
9. the breeding of nettles--or, the overspreading of nettles, that is, a place overrun with them.
salt pits--found at the south of the Dead Sea. The water overflows in the spring, and salt is left by the evaporation. Salt land is barren
(Jud 9:45; Ps 107:34,
Margin).
possess them--that is, their land; in retribution for their having occupied Judah's land.
10
Sem título
简体中文
10.（参番 2:8）。
他们的骄傲——与 谦卑人 相对（番 2:3）。
Original em inglês
10. (Compare
Zep 2:8).
their pride--in antithesis to the meek
(Zep 2:3).
11
Sem título
简体中文
11. 饥荒——即夺去偶像素来的名望使其低落，如野兽因断粮而饥饿；又借毁灭受偶像庇护的诸国而如此行（诗 96:4；赛 46:1）。
地上各神的——其存在 仅在地下，不像真神在天。
各人从自己的地方——即各人 在自己的 外邦 家乡，由犹太人教导真宗教：敬拜神之处不独在耶路撒冷，而是各处（诗 68:29、30；玛 1:11；约 4:21；林前 1:2；提前 2:8）。这并不是如赛 2:2；弥 4:1、2；亚 8:22；14:16 所言，他们要从各 地 来到 耶路撒冷敬拜 [马乌勒（Maurer）]。
一切海岛……列国——即一切沿海之地，尤其西方——如今正应验于外邦人归向弥赛亚之事。
Original em inglês
11. famish--bring low by taking from the idols their former fame; as beasts are famished by their food being withheld. Also by destroying the kingdoms under the tutelage of idols
(Ps 96:4; Isa 46:1).
gods of the earth--who have their existence only on earth, not in heaven as the true God.
every one from his place--each in his own Gentile home, taught by the Jews in the true religion: not in Jerusalem alone shall men worship God, but everywhere
(Ps 68:29, 30; Mal 1:11; Joh 4:21; 1Co 1:2; 1Ti 2:8).
It does not mean, as in
Isa 2:2; Mic 4:1, 2; Zec 8:22; 14:16
that they shall come from their several places to Jerusalem to worship [MAURER].
all . . . isles of . . . heathen--that is, all the maritime regions, especially the west, now being fulfilled in the gathering in of the Gentiles to Messiah.
12
Sem título
简体中文
12. 当尼布甲尼撒（神的 刀，赛 10:5）征服埃及时应验，古实与埃及结盟，关系密切（耶 46:2-9；结 30:5-9）。
你们——字面作“他们”。第三人称表示疏远：在神的法庭前以第二人称受判，但论及他们与神隔绝时则用第三人称，视如外人。
Original em inglês
12. Fulfilled when Nebuchadnezzar (God's sword,
Isa 10:5)
conquered Egypt, with which Ethiopia was closely connected as its ally
(Jer 46:2-9; Eze 30:5-9).
Ye--literally, "They." The third person expresses estrangement; while doomed before God's tribunal in the second person, they are spoken of in the third as aliens from God.
13
Sem título
简体中文
13. 此处他骤然转向北方。尼尼微于公元前 625 年被 Cyaxares（基亚克萨雷斯）与那波帕拉萨尔所灭。斯基泰大群人侵入米底，继而侵入亚洲西南部（许多人认为西番雅所描述的犹大入侵者即此军，而非迦勒底人），一时中断了基亚克萨雷斯的行动；但他终告成功。更早之前，亚巴尼斯（Arbaces）与比勒西斯（Belesis）于公元前 877 年倾覆了撒缦以色（即普勒？）治下的亚述帝国。
Original em inglês
13. Here he passes suddenly to the north. Nineveh was destroyed by Cyaxares and Nabopolassar, 625 B.C. The Scythian hordes, by an inroad into Media and thence in the southwest of Asia (thought by many to be the forces described by Zephaniah, as the invaders of Judea, rather than the Chaldeans), for a while interrupted Cyaxares' operations; but he finally succeeded. Arbaces and Belesis previously subverted the Assyrian empire under Sardanapalus (that is, Pul?), 877 B.C.
14
Sem título
简体中文
14. 羊群——即绵羊群，与平行句中的“野兽”相应。昔日人烟稠密之处，将成为广阔的羊牧场与野兽栖息之所（参赛番 2:6）。马乌勒（Maurer）为配合平行结构而（不必要地）译作“猛兽的 羊群”。
走兽……各国——即地上的走兽（创 1:24）。并非如罗森缪勒（Rosenmüller）所说“组成国之各种野兽”，即群居的野兽（箴 30:25、26）。
鸬鹚——当译作“鹈鹕”（参赛诗 102:6；赛 34:11 旁注）。
麻鹬——（赛 14:23）。马乌勒（Maurer）译作“刺猬”；亨德森（Henderson）译作“豪猪”。
上楹——当译作“她柱子的 柱顶”，即她庙宇与宫殿中的柱顶 [马乌勒（Maurer）]。或作“屋顶上石榴状之球饰之上”[格罗提乌斯（Grotius）]。
他们的声音必在窗户间鸣唱——居于荒野之鸟“在窗户间的声音”暗示宫殿上部尽是荒凉，与“门槛处的荒凉”（即下部）相应。
他必露出香柏木的遮蔽——即屋顶被掀去，门窗被打破，墙上香柏木护壁板与天花板上的梁木尽裸露于风雨之中。这一切都是为了安慰犹大人，使他们能忍耐承受灾祸，因为他们知道神必为他们报仇。
Original em inglês
14. flocks--of sheep; answering to "beasts" in the parallel clause. Wide pastures for sheep and haunts for wild beasts shall be where once there was a teeming population (compare
Zep 2:6).
MAURER, needlessly for the parallelism, makes it "flocks of savage animals."
beasts of the nations--that is, beasts of the earth
(Ge 1:24).
Not as ROSENMULLER, "all kinds of beasts that form a nation," that is, gregarious beasts
(Pr 30:25, 26).
cormorant--rather, the "pelican" (so
Ps 102:6; Isa 34:11,
Margin).
bittern--
(Isa 14:23).
MAURER translates, "the hedgehog"; HENDERSON, "the porcupine."
upper lintels--rather, "the capitals of her columns," namely, in her temples and palaces [MAURER]. Or, "on the pomegranate-like knops at the tops of the houses" [GROTIUS].
their voice shall sing in the windows--The desert-frequenting birds' "voice in the windows" implies desolation reigning in the upper parts of the palaces, answering to "desolation . . . in the thresholds," that is, in the lower.
he shall uncover the cedar work--laying the cedar wainscoting on the walls, and beams of the ceiling, bare to wind and rain, the roof being torn off, and the windows and doors broken through. All this is designed as a consolation to the Jews that they may bear their calamities patiently, knowing that God will avenge them.
15
Sem título
简体中文
15. 那时看来再没有比以下更不可能的事：如此庞大帝国的京都——周围六十哩、城墙高一百呎、厚至可容三辆战车并行、有一千五百座城楼的城市——竟会彻底毁灭，甚至其遗址也难以寻获。然而正如先知所预言，事实确然如此。
除我以外再无别神——这一仿佛无与伦比而自满的独特短语，显然取自赛 47:8。后期的先知，当预言之灵濒临止息之际，更倚靠前辈先知的预言。
嗤笑——因如此巨大而突然的荒凉而惊讶（王上 9:8）；也含讥诮之意（伯 27:23；哀 2:15；结 27:36）。
Original em inglês
15. Nothing then seemed more improbable than that the capital of so vast an empire, a city sixty miles in compass, with walls one hundred feet high, and so thick that three chariots could go abreast on them, and with fifteen hundred towers, should be so totally destroyed that its site is with difficulty discovered. Yet so it is, as the prophet foretold.
there is none beside me--This peculiar phrase, expressing self-gratulation as if peerless, is plainly adopted from
Isa 47:8.
The later prophets, when the spirit of prophecy was on the verge of departing, leaned more on the predictions of their predecessors.
hiss--in astonishment at a desolation so great and sudden
(1Ki 9:8);
also in derision
(Job 27:23; La 2:15; Eze 27:36).
番 2:1-15。
在迦勒底入侵者来到之前呼吁悔改。犹大仇敌——非利士、摩押、亚扪及其偶像，以及埃塞俄比亚和亚述——的厄运。
1. 聚集——指 聚集为宗教聚会，借祷告转回审判（珥 2:16）[格罗提乌斯（Grotius）]。或指不要像“糠秕”那样被吹散（番 2:2）。希伯来文 与一意为“糠秕”的词根相关。自恃与败坏的私欲就是他们被劝勉要从其中 聚集自己 的那种涣散 [加尔文（Calvin）]。否则仇敌如风一般要将你们如“糠秕”吹散。悔改才是此处所言之 聚集自己。
不蒙愿的国——（参代下 21:20），即不可爱的、不配得神的恩典或恩宠；然而神竟如此高举其恩典，以致虽然他们已毁灭自己，丧失了对他的恩典一切权利，他仍顾念他们的安危 [加尔文（Calvin）]。旁注 依据 迦勒底译本 译作“不羡慕的”，即不愿归向神。马乌勒（Maurer）和格塞尼乌斯（Gesenius）译作“不变苍白的”，即对羞耻麻木。英文译本 最佳。