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Exodus Capítulo 36
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Original em inglês
In this chapter, I. The work of the tabernacle is begun, Ex 36:1-4. II. A stop is put to the people's contributions, Ex 36:5-7. III. A particular account is given of the making of the tabernacle itself; the fine curtains of it, Ex 36:8-13. The coarse ones, Ex 36:14-19. The boards, Ex 36:20-30. The bars, Ex 36:31-34. The partition veil, Ex 36:35,36. And the hanging for the door, Ex 36:37,38, etc.
1-7
Appointment of Bezaleel and Aholiab (1491 BC)
繁體中文
比撒列和亞何利亞伯的任命（主前1491年）
¹ 比撒列和亞何利亞伯，並一切心裏有智慧、蒙耶和華賜智慧聰明、知道做聖所各樣使用之工的，都要照耶和華所吩咐的做工。
² 凡耶和華賜他心裏有智慧，而且受感前來做工的，摩西把他們和比撒列並亞何利亞伯一同召來。
³ 這些人就從摩西收了以色列人為做聖所所奉獻的禮物。每早晨百姓還將甘心獻的禮物拿來。
⁴ 凡做聖所各樣工的智慧人，各人都離開他們所做的工，
⁵ 對摩西說：「百姓為耶和華吩咐所做之工，拿來的富富有餘。」
⁶ 摩西傳命，他們就在全營中宣告說：「無論男女，不必再為聖所拿甚麼禮物來。」這樣才攔住百姓不再拿禮物來。
⁷ 因為他們所有的材料夠做一切的工，而且有餘。
I. 工匠們毫不遲延地開始了工作。他們就開始做工（出三十六1）。神既裝備他們做這工，他們就着手去做。注意，我們所領受的才能不可藏起來，當使用出來；不是包在巾裏，而是用來交易。我們一切的恩賜豈不是為要行善嗎？他們在摩西召他們時就開始了（出三十六2）。連那些神已裝備並感動他們去做會幕事奉的人，也必須等候正規的呼召——或為非常的，如先知和使徒；或為尋常的，如牧師和教師。請留意摩西所召的是誰：那些神在他們心裏放上智慧——超過他們天然能力的——以及心受感動來認真做工的人。注意，那些蒙神恩典在一定程度上預備好做這工、又樂意投入的人，當被召來建造福音的會幕。能力和意願（加上決心）乃是呼召傳道人時當看重的兩件事。神賜給他們的不僅是知識，還有智慧嗎？（因為那贏得靈魂的人必須有智慧，他們的心也受感動來做工，不是只為尊榮；是去做，不是只去談），就讓他們帶着全心全意要堅持到底的決心來做這工。百姓所奉獻的材料由摩西交給了工匠（出三十六3）。他們不能憑空創造會幕——即從無中造出，也不能沒有可加工的材料而做工；因此百姓帶來材料，摩西就交在他們手中。寶貴的靈魂乃是福音會幕的材料；他們被建造成為靈宮（彼前二5）。為此他們當將自己當作甘心祭獻給主為他事奉（羅十五16），然後被交託給他的傳道人——如同建造者——藉著造就和聖潔上的長進被塑造加工，直到他們全體如會幕的帷子一樣，在信仰上同歸於一，成為聖殿（弗二21-22，四12-13）。
II. 奉獻被制止。百姓繼續每早晨帶甘心祭來（出三十六3）。注意，我們當總是把早晨的時光用來向神獻上禮物——就是禱告和讚美的屬靈祭物，以及完全降服於神的憂傷痛悔之心。這是每天的本分所要求的。神的憐憫每早晨都是新的，我們對他的本分也當如此。也許有些人起初退縮不肯奉獻，但鄰舍的踴躍激動他們、使他們慚愧。一些人的熱心激發了許多人。有些人樂意跟從，卻不願帶頭做善工。帶頭是最好的，但遲做總比不做好。又或者有些人起初獻了，因回味此事而心中喜樂，就再獻；他們絕不吝惜所獻的，反而加倍奉獻。這樣，在施捨上，當分給七人，也分給八人；既已多獻，更當多給。如今請留意：1. 工匠們的誠實。他們分派好工作、看見材料夠用、百姓仍踴躍奉獻時，就全體到摩西那裏告訴他，不需要更多的奉獻了（出三十六4-5）。他們若求自己的利益，此時正是藉百姓的禮物發財的好機會；因為他們可以完成自己的工作，把餘下的據為己有，作為職位的額外津貼。但他們是正直的人，不屑於做這種佔百姓便宜、以獻給耶和華之物自肥的卑鄙之事。欺騙公眾的人是最大的騙子。若殺多人比殺一人更嚴重，同理，欺詐群體、搶奪教會或國家，比扒竊一個人的口袋要嚴重得多。但這些工匠不僅樂意為所收的一切交帳，也不願收超過所需的，免得陷入將之據為己有的試探或嫌疑。這等人知道自己何時足夠了。2. 百姓的慷慨。他們雖然看見所獻的已極豐富，卻繼續獻，直到因宣告而被制止（出三十六6-7）。這是罕見的事！多數人需要鞭策來激發慈善；很少有人需要韁繩來約束，而這些人需要。摩西若圖自肥，本可任憑他們繼續奉獻；工程完成後可將剩餘據為己有：但他也是以公眾利益為先，過於自己的私利，在這方面為一切身居公職的人立了好榜樣。經上說（出三十六5、6）：百姓被制止不再拿禮物來；他們視不能為會幕多做為一種約束——那些百姓的熱心就是如此，他們按著力量，而且也過了力量奉獻，再三地求收捐的人收下這恩典（林後八3-4）。這是初代之愛的果子；在這末世，愛心已經太冷淡，不能指望它有這樣的表現了。
Original em inglês
Appointment of Bezaleel and Aholiab (1491 BC)
¹ Then wrought Bezaleel and Aholiab, and every wise hearted man, in whom the LORD put wisdom and understanding to know how to work all manner of work for the service of the sanctuary, according to all that the LORD had commanded.
² And Moses called Bezaleel and Aholiab, and every wise hearted man, in whose heart the LORD had put wisdom, even every one whose heart stirred him up to come unto the work to do it:
³ And they received of Moses all the offering, which the children of Israel had brought for the work of the service of the sanctuary, to make it withal. And they brought yet unto him free offerings every morning.
⁴ And all the wise men, that wrought all the work of the sanctuary, came every man from his work which they made;
⁵ And they spake unto Moses, saying, The people bring much more than enough for the service of the work, which the LORD commanded to make.
⁶ And Moses gave commandment, and they caused it to be proclaimed throughout the camp, saying, Let neither man nor woman make any more work for the offering of the sanctuary. So the people were restrained from bringing.
⁷ For the stuff they had was sufficient for all the work to make it, and too much.
I. The workmen set in without delay. Then they wrought, Ex 36:1. When God had qualified them for the work, then they applied themselves to it. Note, The talents we are entrusted with must not be laid up, but laid out; not hid in a napkin, but traded with. What have we all our gifts for, but to do good with them? They began when Moses called them, Ex 36:2. Even those whom God has qualified for, and inclined to, the service of the tabernacle, yet must wait for a regular call to it, either extraordinary, as that of prophets and apostles, or ordinary, as that of pastors and teachers. And observe who they were that Moses called: Those in whose heart God had put wisdom for this purpose, beyond their natural capacity, and whose heart stirred them up to come to the work in good earnest. Note, Those are to be called to the building of the gospel tabernacle whom God has by his grace made in some measure fit for the work and free to engage in it. Ability and willingness (with resolution) are the two things to be regarded in the call of ministers. Has God given them not only knowledge, but wisdom? (for those that would win souls must be wise, and have their hearts stirred up to come to the work, and not to the honour only; to do it, and not to talk of it only), let them come to it with full purpose of heart to go through with it. The materials which the people had contributed were delivered by Moses to the workmen, Ex 36:3. They could not create a tabernacle, that is, make it out of nothing, nor work, unless they had something to work upon; the people therefore brought the materials and Moses put them into their hands. Precious souls are the materials of the gospel tabernacle; they are built up a spiritual house, 1Pe 2:5. To this end they are to offer themselves a free-will offering to the Lord, for his service (Ro 15:16), and they are then committed to the care of his ministers, as builders, to be framed and wrought upon by their edification and increase in holiness, till they all come, like the curtains of the tabernacle, in the unity of the faith, to be a holy temple, Eph 2:21,22,4:12,13.
II. The contributions restrained. The people continued to bring free offerings every morning, Ex 36:3. Note, We should always make it our morning's work to bring our offerings unto the Lord; even the spiritual offerings of prayer and praise, and a broken heart surrendered entirely to God. This is that which the duty of every day requires. God's compassions are new every morning, and so must our duty to him be. Probably there were some that were backward at first to bring their offering, but their neighbours' forwardness stirred them up and shamed them. The zeal of some provoked many. There are those who will be content to follow who yet do not care for leading in a good work. It is best to be forward, but better late than never. Or perhaps some who had offered at first, having pleasure in reflecting upon it, offered more; so far were they from grudging what they had contributed, that they doubled their contribution. Thus, in charity, give a portion to seven, and also to eight; having given much, give more. Now observe, 1. The honesty of the workmen. When they had cut out their work, and found how their stuff held out, and that the people were still forward to bring in more, they went in a body to Moses to tell him that there needed no more contributions, Ex 36:4,5. Had they sought their own things, they had now a fair opportunity of enriching themselves by the people's gifts; for they might have made up their work, and converted the overplus to their own use, as perquisites of their place. But they were men of integrity, that scorned to do so mean a thing as to sponge upon the people, and enrich themselves with that which was offered to the Lord. Those are the greatest cheats that cheat the public. If to murder many is worse than to murder one, by the same rule to defraud communities, and to rob the church or state, is a much greater crime than to pick the pocket of a single person. But these workmen were not only ready to account for all they received, but were not willing to receive more than they had occasion for, lest they should come either into the temptation or under the suspicion of taking it to themselves. These were men that knew when they had enough. 2. The liberality of the people. Though they saw what an abundance was contributed, yet they continued to offer, till they were forbidden by proclamation, Ex 36:6,7. A rare instance! Most need a spur to quicken their charity; few need a bridle to check it, yet these did. Had Moses aimed to enrich himself, he might have suffered them still to bring in their offerings; and when the work was finished might have taken the remainder to himself: but he also preferred the public before his own private interest, and was therein a good example to all in public trusts. It is said (Ex 36:5), The people were restrained from bringing; they looked upon it as a restraint upon them not to be allowed to do more for the tabernacle; such was the zeal of those people, who gave to their power, yea, and beyond their power, praying the collectors with much entreaty to receive the gift, 2Co 8:3,4. These were the fruits of a first love; in these last-days charity has grown too cold for us to expect such things from it.
8-38
Construction of the Tabernacle (1491 BC)
繁體中文
建造會幕（主前1491年）
⁸ 他們中間，凡心裏有智慧做工的，用十幅幔子做帳幕。這幔子是比撒列用撚的細麻和藍色、紫色、朱紅色線製造的，並用巧匠的手工繡上基路伯。
⁹ 每幅幔子長二十八肘，寬四肘，都是一樣的尺寸。
¹⁰ 他把五幅幔子連成一幅，又把五幅幔子連成一幅；
¹¹ 在這相連幔子的末幅邊緣上做藍色的鈕扣；在那相連幔子的末幅邊緣上也照樣做；
¹² 在這幅幔子末幅做五十個鈕扣，在那幅幔子末幅邊緣也做五十個鈕扣；這些鈕扣都是相對的。
¹³ 又做五十個金鉤，使幔子相連，這才成了一個帳幕。
他們首先着手做的是房屋的框架，這必須在陳設其中的器具之前做好。這房屋不是用木頭或石頭造的，而是用精巧刺繡並相連起來的帷子。這用以預表教會在今世的狀態——神在人間之國的宮殿。1. 它雖在地上，根基卻不在地裏，如同房屋的根基那樣；不，基督的國不屬這世界，也不建立在其上。2. 它卑微而易變，且處於爭戰狀態；牧人住在帳棚裏，而神是以色列的牧者；兵丁住在帳棚裏，而耶和華是戰士，他的教會行經仇敵之地，必須一路爭戰。地上的君王用香柏木圍護自己（耶二十二15），但神的約櫃只安放在帷子之中。3. 然而在聖潔中有美；帷子是繡花的，教會也照樣被聖靈的恩賜和恩典所裝飾——那繡花的美衣（詩四十五14）。4. 信徒的各個群體聯合為一，正如這裏，全都成為一個帳幕；因為只有一主、一信、一洗。
¹⁴ 他用山羊毛織十一幅幔子，作為帳幕以上的罩棚。
¹⁵ 每幅幔子長三十肘，寬四肘；十一幅幔子都是一樣的尺寸。
¹⁶ 他把五幅幔子連成一幅，又把六幅幔子連成一幅；
¹⁷ 在這相連的幔子末幅邊緣做五十個鈕扣，在那相連幔子的末幅邊緣也做五十個鈕扣；
¹⁸ 又做五十個銅鉤，使罩棚相連，成為一個。
¹⁹ 並用染紅的公羊皮做罩棚的蓋，再用海狗皮做一層蓋。
²⁰ 他用皂莢木做帳幕的豎板。
²¹ 每塊板長十肘，寬一肘半；
²² 每塊板有兩榫相對；帳幕一切的板都是這樣做。
²³ 帳幕的南面，向南，做板二十塊。
²⁴ 在這二十塊板底下又做四十個帶卯的銀座；有兩卯接這板上的兩榫，又有兩卯接那板上的兩榫。
²⁵ 帳幕的那一面，就是北面，也做板二十塊，
²⁶ 和帶卯的銀座四十個；這板底下有兩卯，那板底下也有兩卯。
²⁷ 帳幕的後面，就是西面，做板六塊。
²⁸ 帳幕後面的拐角做板兩塊。
²⁹ 板的下半截是雙的，上半截完全連在一起，直到第一個環子；兩個拐角都是這樣。
³⁰ 共有八塊板和十六個帶卯的銀座，每塊板底下有兩個銀座。
³¹ 他用皂莢木做橫木；為帳幕這面的板做五根，
³² 為帳幕那面的板做五根橫木，又為帳幕後面的板做五根橫木，
³³ 使板腰間的中橫木從這一頭通到那一頭。
³⁴ 用金子將板包裹，又做板上的金環套橫木；也用金子包裹橫木。
此處：1. 教會所受的遮蔽和特別的保護，由鋪在會幕上面的山羊毛幔子以及蓋在其上的公羊皮和海狗皮罩蓋來象徵（出三十六14-19）。神為他的百姓預備了日頭炎熱的蔭影、狂風暴雨的避難處（賽四6）。他們被裝備以抵擋各樣天氣；日頭月亮也不能傷害他們；他們也蒙保護免受神怒氣的風暴——那將沖去謊言之避難所的冰雹（賽二十八17）。住在神殿中的人必發現，任憑暴風多麼猛烈、雨滴多麼連綿，也不漏入其中。2. 教會的力量和穩固——雖然不過是帳幕——由支撐帷子的板和橫木來象徵（出三十六20-34）。板藉著穿過其中的橫木相連接而合在一起；因為教會的聯合、以及作為其支柱和支持者之間由衷的同心，大大有助於教會的力量和堅立。
³⁵ 他用藍色、紫色、朱紅色線，和撚的細麻織幔子，以巧匠的手工繡上基路伯。
³⁶ 為幔子做四根皂莢木的柱子，用金包裹，柱子上有金鉤；又為柱子鑄了四個帶卯的銀座。
³⁷ 拿藍色、紫色、朱紅色線，和撚的細麻，用繡花的手工做帳幕的門簾；
³⁸ 又為簾子做五根柱子，柱子上有鉤子。柱頂和柱子上的杆子用金子包裹；柱子有五個帶卯的銅座。
建造房屋時，門和隔間有許多工要做。會幕中這些與其餘的建築相稱；有帷子作門，有幔子作隔間。1. 有一幅幔子作為聖所和至聖所之間的隔間（出三十六35-36）。這象徵那時代的幽暗和隔閡，與新約相比——新約更清楚地向我們顯示神的榮耀，並邀請我們就近；也象徵我們現今狀態的幽暗和隔閡，與天堂相比——在那裏我們將永遠與主同在、得見他的真體。2. 有一幅幔子作為會幕的門（出三十六37-38）。百姓在這門前聚集，雖被禁止進入；因為我們在現今的狀態中，當盡力靠近神。
Original em inglês
Construction of the Tabernacle (1491 BC)
⁸ And every wise hearted man among them that wrought the work of the tabernacle made ten curtains of fine twined linen, and blue, and purple, and scarlet: with cherubims of cunning work made he them.
⁹ The length of one curtain was twenty and eight cubits, and the breadth of one curtain four cubits: the curtains were all of one size.
¹⁰ And he coupled the five curtains one unto another: and the other five curtains he coupled one unto another.
¹¹ And he made loops of blue on the edge of one curtain from the selvedge in the coupling: likewise he made in the uttermost side of another curtain, in the coupling of the second.
¹² Fifty loops made he in one curtain, and fifty loops made he in the edge of the curtain which was in the coupling of the second: the loops held one curtain to another.
¹³ And he made fifty taches of gold, and coupled the curtains one unto another with the taches: so it became one tabernacle.
The first work they set about was the framing of the house, which must be done before the furniture of it was prepared. This house was not made of timber or stone, but of curtains curiously embroidered and coupled together. This served to typify the state of the church in this world, the palace of God's kingdom among men. 1. Though it is upon the earth, yet its foundation is not in the earth, as that of a house is; no, Christ's kingdom is not of this world, nor founded in it. 2. It is mean and mutable, and in a militant state; shepherds dwelt in tents, and God is the Shepherd of Israel; soldiers dwelt in tents, and the Lord is a man of war, and his church marches through an enemy's country, and must fight its way. The kings of the earth enclose themselves in cedar (Jer 22:15), but the ark of God was lodged in curtains only. 3. Yet there is a beauty in holiness; the curtains were embroidered, so is the church adorned with the gifts and graces of the Spirit, that raiment of needle-work, Ps 45:14. 4. The several societies of believers are united in one, and, as here, all become one tabernacle; for there is one Lord, one faith, and one baptism.
¹⁴ And he made curtains of goats' hair for the tent over the tabernacle: eleven curtains he made them.
¹⁵ The length of one curtain was thirty cubits, and four cubits was the breadth of one curtain: the eleven curtains were of one size.
¹⁶ And he coupled five curtains by themselves, and six curtains by themselves.
¹⁷ And he made fifty loops upon the uttermost edge of the curtain in the coupling, and fifty loops made he upon the edge of the curtain which coupleth the second.
¹⁸ And he made fifty taches of brass to couple the tent together, that it might be one.
¹⁹ And he made a covering for the tent of rams' skins dyed red, and a covering of badgers' skins above that.
²⁰ And he made boards for the tabernacle of shittim wood, standing up.
²¹ The length of a board was ten cubits, and the breadth of a board one cubit and a half.
²² One board had two tenons, equally distant one from another: thus did he make for all the boards of the tabernacle.
²³ And he made boards for the tabernacle; twenty boards for the south side southward:
²⁴ And forty sockets of silver he made under the twenty boards; two sockets under one board for his two tenons, and two sockets under another board for his two tenons.
²⁵ And for the other side of the tabernacle, which is toward the north corner, he made twenty boards,
²⁶ And their forty sockets of silver; two sockets under one board, and two sockets under another board.
²⁷ And for the sides of the tabernacle westward he made six boards.
²⁸ And two boards made he for the corners of the tabernacle in the two sides.
²⁹ And they were coupled beneath, and coupled together at the head thereof, to one ring: thus he did to both of them in both the corners.
³⁰ And there were eight boards; and their sockets were sixteen sockets of silver, under every board two sockets.
³¹ And he made bars of shittim wood; five for the boards of the one side of the tabernacle,
³² And five bars for the boards of the other side of the tabernacle, and five bars for the boards of the tabernacle for the sides westward.
³³ And he made the middle bar to shoot through the boards from the one end to the other.
³⁴ And he overlaid the boards with gold, and made their rings of gold to be places for the bars, and overlaid the bars with gold.
Here, 1. The shelter and special protection that the church is under are signified by the curtains of hair-cloth, which were spread over the tabernacle, and the covering of rams' skins and badgers' skins over them, Ex 36:14-19. God has provided for his people a shadow from the heat, and a covert from storm and rain, Isa 4:6. They are armed against all weathers; the sun and the moon shall not smite them: and they are protected from the storms of divine wrath, that hail which will sweep away the refuge of lies, Isa 28:17. Those that dwell in God's house shall find, be the tempest ever so violent, or the dropping ever so continual, it does not rain in. 2. The strength and stability of the church, though it is but a tabernacle, are signified by the boards and bars with which the curtains were borne up, Ex 36:20-34. The boards were coupled together and joined by the bars which shot through them; for the union of the church, and the hearty agreement of those that are its stays and supporters, contribute abundantly to its strength and establishment.
³⁵ And he made a vail of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen: with cherubims made he it of cunning work.
³⁶ And he made thereunto four pillars of shittim wood, and overlaid them with gold: their hooks were of gold; and he cast for them four sockets of silver.
³⁷ And he made an hanging for the tabernacle door of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen, of needlework;
³⁸ And the five pillars of it with their hooks: and he overlaid their chapiters and their fillets with gold: but their five sockets were of brass.
In the building of a house there is a great deal of work about the doors and partitions. In the tabernacle these were answerable to the rest of the fabric; there were curtains for doors, and veils for partitions. 1. There was a veil made for a partition between the holy place, and the most holy, Ex 36:35,36. This signified the darkness and distance of that dispensation, compared with the New Testament, which shows us the glory of God more clearly and invites us to draw near to it; and the darkness and distance of our present state, in comparison with heaven, where we shall be ever with the Lord and see him as he is. 2. There was a veil made for the door of the tabernacle, Ex 36:37,38. At this door the people assembled, though forbidden to enter; for, while we are in this present state, we must get as near to God as we can.
本章記述：一、會幕的工程開始，出 36:1-4。二、百姓的奉獻被制止，出 36:5-7。三、特別記述會幕本身的製造：細麻的幔子，出 36:8-13。粗麻的幔子，出 36:14-19。豎板，出 36:20-30。橫木，出 36:31-34。隔開的幔子，出 36:35,36。以及門簾，出 36:37,38 等。