1
1Ch 19:1-5.
简体中文
英文原文
1Ch 19:1-5.
DAVID'S MESSENGERS, SENT TO COMFORT HANUN, ARE DISGRACEFULLY TREATED.
1. after this--This phrase seems to indicate that the incident now to be related took place immediately, or soon after the wars described in the preceding chapter. But the chronological order is loosely observed, and the only just inference that can be drawn from the use of this phrase is, that some farther account is to be given of the wars against the Syrians.
Nahash the king of the children of Ammon died--There had subsisted a very friendly relation between David and him, begun during the exile of the former, and cemented, doubtless, by their common hostility to Saul.
3
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简体中文
3. 他的仆人岂不是到你这里来窥探吗?——即窥探你的首府拉巴
(2Sa 10:3)。
英文原文
3. are not his servants come unto thee for to search?--that is, thy capital, Rabbah
(2Sa 10:3).
4
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简体中文
4, 5. 剃了他们——并非完全剃光,只是剃了半边脸。如此对胡须的轻辱,以及将衣服自腰以下割断以致下体暴露,对犹太人——与所有东方人一样——来说,是所能遭受的最大侮辱。无怪乎这些人羞于公开露面——王建议他们留在边境隐居,直到耻辱的痕迹消失——然后才可合宜地回到宫廷。
英文原文
4, 5. shaved them--not completely, but only the half of their face. This disrespect to the beard, and indecent exposure of their persons by their clothes being cut off from the girdle downwards, was the grossest indignity to which Jews, in common with all Orientals, could be subjected. No wonder that the men were ashamed to appear in public--that the king recommended them to remain in seclusion on the border till the mark of their disgrace had disappeared--and then they might, with propriety, return to the court.
6
1Ch 19:6-15.
简体中文
1Ch 19:6-15.
约押与亚比筛战胜亚扪人
6. 亚扪人见自己在大卫眼前惹了憎恶——以色列全地激起了一致的愤慨,各阶层都支持王决心为这一对希伯来民族的无端侮辱复仇。
哈嫩……拿了一千他连得银子——相当于342,100英镑,用以雇募外国佣兵。
从米所波大米……叙利亚玛迦,以及……琐巴雇战车和马兵——米所波大米的军队在此次战役中并未赶到
(1Ch 19:16)。
叙利亚玛迦位于约但河东以色列人地业的北边,靠近基列。
琐巴——(参
1Ch 18:3)。
英文原文
1Ch 19:6-15.
JOAB AND ABISHAI OVERCOME THE AMMONITES.
6. when the children of Ammon saw that they had made themselves odious to David--One universal feeling of indignation was roused throughout Israel, and all classes supported the king in his determination to avenge this unprovoked insult on the Hebrew nation.
Hanun . . . sent a thousand talents of silver--a sum equal to £342,100, to procure the services of foreign mercenaries.
chariots and horsemen out of Mesopotamia . . . Syria-maachah, and . . . Zobah--The Mesopotamian troops did not arrive during this campaign
(1Ch 19:16).
Syria-maachah lay on the north of the possessions of the trans-jordanic Israelites, near Gilead.
Zobah--(see on
1Ch 18:3).
7
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简体中文
7. 于是他们雇了三万二千辆战车——希伯来文作「骑手」或「骑兵」,惯于在马上或战车中作战,偶尔也下马步战。若接受此为正确译法,本节所记雇募援兵的数目与
2Sa 10:6
的陈述完全吻合:二万(来自叙利亚),一万二千(来自陀伯),共三万二千,另加随玛迦王的一千人。
英文原文
7. So they hired thirty and two thousand chariots--Hebrew, "riders," or "cavalry," accustomed to fight either on horseback or in chariots, and occasionally on foot. Accepting this as the true rendering, the number of hired auxiliaries mentioned in this passage agrees exactly with the statement in
2Sa 10:6:
twenty thousand (from Syria), twelve thousand (from Tob), equal to thirty-two thousand, and one thousand with the king of Maachah.
8
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简体中文
8. 大卫……差遣约押和勇猛的全军——以色列全军,包括各大军阶,都投入了这场战争。
英文原文
8. David . . . sent Joab, and all the host of the mighty men--All the forces of Israel, including the great military orders, were engaged in this war.
9
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简体中文
9-15. 亚扪人……在城门前摆阵——即在米底巴——亚嫩河边界城邑——的城外。
来的诸王在田野单独列阵——以色列军既前有亚扪人、后有叙利亚援兵夹击,约押决定攻击后者(人数更多、更为可怕的一方),同时差遣他兄弟亚比筛率领适当兵力攻击亚搫人。约押在交战前的训话,显出一位希伯来统帅所应有的信心与敬虔。佣兵既被击败,亚搫人的勇气便丧失殆尽;于是他们溃逃,据守在坚固的城墙之内。
英文原文
9-15. children of Ammon . . . put the battle in array before the gate of the city--that is, outside the walls of Medeba, a frontier town on the Arnon.
the kings that were come were by themselves in the field--The Israelitish army being thus beset by the Ammonites in front, and by the Syrian auxiliaries behind, Joab resolved to attack the latter (the more numerous and formidable host), while he directed his brother Abishai, with a suitable detachment, to attack the Ammonites. Joab's address before the engagement displays the faith and piety that became a commander of the Hebrew people. The mercenaries being defeated, the courage of the Ammonites failed; so that, taking flight, they entrenched themselves within the fortified walls.
16
1Ch 19:16-19.
简体中文
1Ch 19:16-19.
朔法被大卫所杀
16. 叙利亚人见自己在以色列人面前败了——(参
2Sa 10:15-19)。
英文原文
1Ch 19:16-19.
SHOPHACH SLAIN BY DAVID.
16. And when the Syrians saw that they were put to the worse before Israel--(See on
2Sa 10:15-19).
18
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简体中文
18. 大卫杀了亚兰人七千人——(参
2Sa 10:18,
该处作七百辆战车)。要么其中一卷的经文有误[KEIL, DAVIDSON],要么两处记载须合并,结果为——七千马兵、七千辆战车、四万步兵[KENNICOTT, HOUBIGANT, CALMET]。
英文原文
18. David slew of the Syrians seven thousand men--(Compare
2Sa 10:18,
which has seven hundred chariots). Either the text in one of the books is corrupt [KEIL, DAVIDSON], or the accounts must be combined, giving this result--seven thousand horsemen, seven thousand chariots, and forty thousand footmen [KENNICOTT, HOUBIGANT, CALMET].
1Ch 19:1-5.
大卫差遣使者去安慰哈嫩,却遭凌辱
1. 此后——这一短语似乎表明,接下来所要叙述的事件,发生在前章所述战争之后不久。但此处对年代次序的遵循并不严格,从这一短语的用法所能得出的唯一合理推论是:尚要就对抗叙利亚人的战事作进一步的记述。
亚扪人的王拿辖死了——大卫与他之间一直存有十分友好的关系,始于前者流亡之时,无疑因两人同对扫罗怀有敌意而更加巩固。