1
2Ch 30:1-12.
简体中文
英文原文
2Ch 30:1-12.
HEZEKIAH PROCLAIMS A PASSOVER.
1-5. Hezekiah sent to all . . . Judah . . . to come to . . . Jerusalem, to keep the passover--This great religious festival had not been regularly observed by the Hebrews in their national capacity for a long time because of the division of the kingdom and the many disorders that had followed that unhappy event. Hezekiah longed extremely to see its observance revived; and the expression of his wishes having received a hearty response from the princes and chief men of his own kingdom, the preparatory steps were taken for a renewed celebration of the national solemnity.
letters also to Ephraim and Manasseh--The names of these leading tribes are used for the whole kingdom of Israel. It was judged impossible, however, that the temple, the priests, and people could be all duly sanctified at the usual time appointed for the anniversary, namely, the fourteenth day of the first month (Nisan). Therefore it was resolved, instead of postponing the feast till another year, to observe it on the fourteenth day of the second month; a liberty which, being in certain circumstances
(Nu 9:6-13)
granted to individuals, might, it was believed, be allowed to all the people. Hezekiah's proclamation was, of course, authoritative in his own kingdom, but it could not have been made and circulated in all the towns and villages of the neighboring kingdom without the concurrence, or at least the permission, of the Israelitish sovereign. Hoshea, the reigning king, is described as, though evil in some respects, yet more favorably disposed to religious liberty than any of his predecessors since the separation of the kingdom. This is thought to be the meaning of the mitigating clause in his character
(2Ki 17:2).
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简体中文
6. 驿卒——即跑步的信差或王室使者，选自王的亲卫军
(2Ch 23:1, 2)。
每人骑良马，要跑完一定的里程。一人跑完一段，便由另一人接替，再跑相等的一段路程；如此，政府的信差既向各方派出，谕旨便迅速传遍全国。希西家的谕旨之后，又附有他亲口的口头劝勉，虔诚地敦促归向神借摩西传给他们列祖的纯正信仰与制度之责任和益处。
你们……脱离亚述王手的逃民——这话暗示亚述入侵者已对以色列发动过几次远征——普勒
(2Ki 15:19)
曾入侵，但当时并无百姓被掳走；后来提革拉毗列色入侵时，似乎约旦河东各支派
(1Ch 5:26)，
以及后来以色列北部
(2Ki 15:20)
都有人被掳到外邦。撒缦以色的入侵不可能在此所指，因为那事直到希西家作王第六年才发生
(2Ki 17:6; 18:9-12)。
英文原文
6. the posts--that is, runners, or royal messengers, who were taken from the king's bodyguard
(2Ch 23:1, 2).
Each, well mounted, had a certain number of miles to traverse. Having performed his course, he was relieved by another, who had to scour an equal extent of ground; so that, as the government messengers were despatched in all directions, public edicts were speedily diffused throughout the country. The proclamation of Hezekiah was followed by a verbal address from himself, piously urging the duty, and setting forth the advantages, of a return to the pure faith and institutions which God had delivered to their ancestors through Moses.
the remnant of you, that are escaped out of the hand of the kings of Assyria--This implies that several expeditions against Israel had already been made by Assyrian invaders--by Pul
(2Ki 15:19),
but none of the people were then removed; at a later period by Tiglath-pileser, when it appears that numbers among the tribes east of Jordan
(1Ch 5:26),
and afterwards in the northern parts of Israel
(2Ki 15:20),
were carried into foreign exile. The invasion of Shalmaneser cannot be alluded to, as it did not take place till the sixth year of Hezekiah's reign
(2Ki 17:6; 18:9-12).
10
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简体中文
10-12. 驿卒从这城跑到那城——这圣节既已停办了这么久，如今试图恢复，在某些地方引起讥笑和反对，也就不足为奇。于是在以法莲、玛拿西、西布伦各支派中，希西家的使者遭遇了公然的侮辱和苛待。然而这些地区中，以及十支派国普遍而言，仍有许多人应邀而来；而在犹大国中，则是一致怀着高度期望和虔诚喜乐之情。当时前往耶路撒冷的人群极多，这一场合此后被视为历来所守最盛大的逾越节之一。
英文原文
10-12. the posts passed from city to city--It is not surprising that after so long a discontinuance of the sacred festival, this attempt to revive it should, in some quarters, have excited ridicule and opposition. Accordingly, among the tribes of Ephraim, Manasseh, and Zebulun, Hezekiah's messengers met with open insults and ill usage. Many, however, in these very districts, as well as throughout the kingdom of the ten tribes, generally complied with the invitation; while, in the kingdom of Judah, there was one unanimous feeling of high expectation and pious delight. The concourse that repaired to Jerusalem on the occasion was very great, and the occasion was ever after regarded as one of the greatest passovers that had ever been celebrated.
13
2Ch 30:13-27.
简体中文
2Ch 30:13-27.
会众拆毁偶像的祭坛
英文原文
2Ch 30:13-27.
THE ASSEMBLY DESTROYS THE ALTARS OF IDOLATRY.
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简体中文
14. 他们起来，把耶路撒冷的祭坛都拆去——作为正确遵守即将到来的盛典的必要预备，便决定移除亚哈斯在城中
(2Ch 28:24)
所立的祭坛；因为希伯来人既是神的子民，便有责任根除偶像崇拜的一切痕迹；百姓自动承担这项重要的预备工作，正是圣灵运行在他们心中的美意凭据和保证。
英文原文
14. they arose and took away the altars that were in Jerusalem--As a necessary preparation for the right observance of the approaching solemnity, the removal of the altars, which Ahaz had erected in the city, was resolved upon
(2Ch 28:24);
for, as the people of God, the Hebrews were bound to extirpate all traces of idolatry; and it was a happy sign and pledge of the influence of the Spirit pervading the minds of the people when they voluntarily undertook this important preliminary work.
15
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简体中文
15. 祭司和利未人自觉惭愧——这话虽将利未人一并提及，主要却是指祭司；他们当中那些在自洁之事上迟延或疏忽的人
(2Ch 29:34)，
因百姓更大的热诚和踊跃而自觉羞愧，受激励而尽其职。
英文原文
15. the priests and the Levites were ashamed--Though the Levites are associated in this statement, the priests were principally referred to; those of them who had been dilatory or negligent in sanctifying themselves
(2Ch 29:34)
were put to the blush and stimulated to their duty by the greater alacrity and zeal of the people.
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16-18. 祭司从利未人手里接过血来洒——这与献圣殿祭物时所定的规矩和惯例有所偏离。其原因乃是：许多在场的人并未自洁，利未人便为一切不洁之人宰杀逾越节的祭牲（参看
2Ch 35:5
的注释）。在别的时候，由各家家主亲自宰杀羊羔，祭司从他们手中接过血，献在坛上。大批以色列人，特别是某些支派的
(2Ch 30:18)，
处于这种未自洁的状态，却仍然吃了逾越节——这是一种特别的做法，与律法
(Nu 9:6)
相违；但这一例外是因希西家的祷告
(2Ch 30:18-20)
而蒙允准的。
英文原文
16-18. the priests sprinkled the blood, which they received of the hand of the Levites--This was a deviation from the established rules and practices in presenting the offerings of the temple. The reason was, that many present on the occasion having not sanctified themselves, the Levites slaughtered the paschal victims (see on
2Ch 35:5)
for everyone that was unclean. At other times the heads of families killed the lambs themselves, the priests receiving the blood from their hands and presenting it on the altar. Multitudes of the Israelites, especially from certain tribes
(2Ch 30:18),
were in this unsanctified state, and yet they ate the passover--an exceptional feature and one opposed to the law
(Nu 9:6);
but this exception was allowed in answer to Hezekiah's prayer
(2Ch 30:18-20).
20
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简体中文
20. 耶和华……医治了百姓——我们设想整件事的经过如下：因他们的过犯，他们有理由惧怕疾病，甚至死亡
(Le 15:31)。
希西家为这即将染病、因此可视为已经病了的国民祷告 [贝特奥（BERTHEAU）]。
英文原文
20. the Lord . . . healed the people--We imagine the whole affair to have been the following: In consequence of their transgressions they had cause to fear disease and even death
(Le 15:31).
Hezekiah prayed for the nation, which was on the point of being diseased, and might therefore be regarded as sick already [BERTHEAU].
21
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21-24. 以色列人……守节——律法所定守节的期限是七日
[Ex 12:15; 13:6； Le 23:6]；
但因节期已荒废许久，他们便将庆祝的时期加倍，以不减的满足和喜乐守了十四日。额外献祭筵席所需的物资，由王和众首领的慷慨所供给。
英文原文
21-24. the children of Israel . . . kept the feast--The time appointed by the law for the continuance of the feast was seven days
[Ex 12:15; 13:6; Le 23:6];
but in consequence of its having been allowed to fall so long into desuetude, they doubled the period of celebration and kept it fourteen days with unabated satisfaction and joy. Materials for the additional sacrificial meals were supplied by the munificence of the king and the princes.
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24. 有许多祭司自洁——这样就有足够的人手应付额外的事奉。
英文原文
24. and a great number of priests sanctified themselves--so that there would be a sufficient number of hands for the additional services.
2Ch 30:1-12.
希西家宣告守逾越节
1-5. 希西家差遣人……通告全……犹大……到……耶路撒冷来守逾越节——自从王国分裂以及那不幸事件之后接踵而来的种种混乱，希伯来人已很久没有以全民的身分按例守这重大宗教节期了。希西家极盼见其恢复举行；他的意愿既在本国的首领和要人中得到了热诚的响应，便采取预备步骤，重新举行这一全国的盛典。
也写信给以法莲和玛拿西——这两个首要支派的名字在此用以代表以色列全国。然而，要使圣殿、祭司和百姓都在通常所定的周年节期——即正月（尼散月）十四日——一齐按礼自洁，被认为是不可能的。于是决定不将节期推迟到下一年，而在二月十四日守节；这自由在某些情形下
(Nu 9:6-13)
既已许可个人享用，便相信也可通融给全民。希西家的谕旨在他本国中当然是权威性的，但要传布到邻国的各城各村，非得有以色列王的同意，至少是允准不可。在位的王何细亚，虽在某些方面行恶，但据说自王国分裂以来，他比任何一位前任都更倾向于宗教上的宽容。这被认为就是论他品格那段从轻之语
(2Ki 17:2)
的含义。