1
De 14:1, 2.
简体中文
英文原文
De 14:1, 2.
GOD'S PEOPLE MUST NOT DISFIGURE THEMSELVES IN MOURNING.
1. ye shall not cut yourselves . . . for the dead--It was a common practice of idolaters, both on ceremonious occasions of their worship
(1Ki 18:28),
and at funerals (compare
Jer 16:6; 41:5),
to make ghastly incisions on their faces and other parts of their persons with their finger nails or sharp instruments. The making a large bare space between the eyebrows was another heathen custom in honor of the dead (see on
Le 19:27, 28;
Le 21:5).
Such indecorous and degrading usages, being extravagant and unnatural expressions of hopeless sorrow
(1Th 4:13),
were to be carefully avoided by the Israelites, as derogatory to the character, and inconsistent with the position, of those who were the people of God
[De 14:2].
3
De 14:3-21.
简体中文
申 14:3-21.
可吃之物，与不可吃之物。
3. 凡可憎的物都不可吃——即任何被定为不洁而禁吃的（参
利 11:1）。
英文原文
De 14:3-21.
WHAT MAY BE EATEN, AND WHAT NOT.
3. Thou shalt not eat any abominable thing--that is, anything forbidden as unclean (see on
Le 11:1).
4
De 14:4-8.
简体中文
申 14:4-8.
论走兽。
英文原文
De 14:4-8.
OF BEASTS.
5
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简体中文
5. 鹿——（参
申 12:15）。
麅子——希伯来文（Jachmur）这样译，并不指麅子，因麅子在西亚并不存在；它是一种羚羊（Oryx leucoryx），阿拉伯人称之为jazmar。它通体白色，末端黑色，腿部鲜红。所罗门餐桌上有此物。
野山羊——akko一词与通常用来指野山羊的词不同
(撒上 24:2; 诗 104:18; 箴 5:19)，
它被认为是一种鹿山羊，身体如鹿，头、角和须如山羊。东方确有这样的动物，称为Lerwee〔SHAW著Travels〕。
麀鹿（pygarg）——一种白臀羚羊（Oryx addax），双角旋曲长约二英尺，肩高约三英尺七英寸。在以色列人曾经常出没的地带很常见〔SHAW〕。
野牛——据认为是努比亚大羚羊（Nubian Oryx），与上文提到的Oryx leucoryx不同，通体黑色，且体格更大、骨架更修长，双角更长更弯。阿拉伯人称之为Bekkar-El-Wash。
羚羊（chamois）——七十士译本作 cameleopard（骆驼豹）；但另有一些学者正确地判断它必是希伯来人更熟悉的动物，认为是Kebsch（Ovis tragelaphus），比普通绵羊略大，毛非羊毛而是淡红色的毛发——一种叙利亚的绵山羊。
英文原文
5. The hart--(see on
De 12:15).
fallow deer--The Hebrew word (Jachmur) so rendered, does not represent the fallow deer, which is unknown in Western Asia, but an antelope (Oryx leucoryx), called by the Arabs, jazmar. It is of a white color, black at the extremities, and a bright red on the thighs. It was used at Solomon's table.
wild goat--The word akko is different from that commonly used for a wild goat
(1Sa 24:2; Ps 104:18; Pr 5:19),
and it is supposed to be a goat-deer, having the body of a stag, but the head, horns, and beard of a goat. An animal of this sort is found in the East, and called Lerwee [SHAW, Travels].
pygarg--a species of antelope (Oryx addax) with white buttocks, wreathed horns two feet in length, and standing about three feet seven inches high at the shoulders. It is common in the tracks which the Israelites had frequented [SHAW].
wild ox--supposed to be the Nubian Oryx, which differs from the Oryx leucoryx (formerly mentioned) by its black color; and it is, moreover, of larger stature and more slender frame, with longer and more curved horns. It is called Bekkar-El-Wash by the Arabs.
chamois--rendered by the Septuagint Cameleopard; but, by others who rightly judge it must have been an animal more familiar to the Hebrews, it is thought to be the Kebsch (Ovis tragelaphus), rather larger than a common sheep, covered not with wool, but with reddish hair--a Syrian sheep-goat.
11
De 14:11-20.
简体中文
申 14:11-20.
论飞鸟。
11-20. 凡洁净的鸟都可以吃——（参
利 11:21）。
英文原文
De 14:11-20.
OF BIRDS.
11-20. Of all clean birds ye shall eat--(See on
Le 11:21).
13
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简体中文
13. 鹞——据认为与所译秃鹰的词所指相同（参
利 11:14)。
英文原文
13. glede--thought to be the same as that rendered vulture ( see on
Le 11:14).
15
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简体中文
15. 鱼鹰——更可能是海鸥。〔参
利 11:16〕。
英文原文
15. the cuckow--more probably the sea-gull. [See on
Le 11:16].
16
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简体中文
16. 天鹅——更当译作鹅〔MICHAELIS〕。〔参
利 11:18〕。
英文原文
16. the swan--rather, the goose [MICHAELIS]. [See on
Le 11:18].
17
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简体中文
17. 兀鹰——希伯来文Rachemah显然与阿拉伯人用以称呼西亚和埃及常见秃鹫（Neophron percnopterus）的Rachamah同。〔参
利 11:18〕。
鸬鹚——更当译作潜鸟（plungeon）；一种海鸟。〔参
利 11:17〕。
英文原文
17. gier eagle--The Hebrew word Rachemah is manifestly identical with Rachamah, the name which the Arabs give to the common vulture of Western Asia and Egypt (Neophron percnopterus). [See on
Le 11:18].
cormorant--rather, the plungeon; a seafowl. [See on
Le 11:17].
18
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简体中文
18. 戴胜——upupa 或 hoop：一种美丽的鸟，但习性极不洁净。〔参
利 11:19〕。
英文原文
18. the lapwing--the upupa or hoop: a beautiful bird, but of the most unclean habits. [See on
Le 11:19].
21
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简体中文
21. 凡自死的，你们都不可吃——（参
利 17:15；
利 22:8)。
要给你城里的寄居者吃——不是归化者，因为他和以色列人一样，都受这条律法约束；而是指异教的旅客或侨居者。
不可用山羊羔母的奶煮山羊羔——这是这条禁令第三次重复
[出 23:19; 34:26]。
它是针对一种年度异教仪式的（参
出 23:19；
出 34:26)。
英文原文
21. Ye shall not eat of any thing that dieth of itself--(See on
Le 17:15;
Le 22:8).
thou shalt give it unto the stranger that is in thy gates--not a proselyte, for he, as well as an Israelite, was subject to this law; but a heathen traveller or sojourner.
Thou shalt not seethe a kid in his mother's milk--This is the third place in which the prohibition is repeated
[Ex 23:19; 34:26].
It was pointed against an annual pagan ceremony (see on
Ex 23:19;
Ex 34:26).
22
[De 14:22-29.
简体中文
[申 14:22-29.
什一之律]。
22-27. 你要把你撒种所产的，就是田地每年所出的，十分取一分——将每年一切出产的十分之一分别为圣归神，那时是一项宗教义务。当带到圣所献上；若因距离遥远不能以实物带到，则按此条例可折成银钱。
英文原文
[De 14:22-29.
LAW OF THE TITHE].
22-27. Thou shalt truly tithe all the increase of thy seed--The dedication of a tenth part of the year's produce in everything was then a religious duty. It was to be brought as an offering to the sanctuary; and, where distance prevented its being taken in kind, it was by this statute convertible into money.
28
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简体中文
28, 29. 每逢三年的末一年……利未人……来等——利未人因不像其他支派那样有产业，以色列人不可忘记他们，当诚实地从出产中献上什一捐
[民 18:24]。
除了全地出产的十分之一以外，他们还有四十八座城及其周围的郊野
[民 35:7]，
即"最好的地"，以及献祭中一定的份额作为他们当得的份。因此，他们若不是富裕，也有相当舒适而独立的供养之资。
英文原文
28, 29. At the end of three years . . . the Levite . . . shall come, &c.--The Levites having no inheritance like the other tribes, the Israelites were not to forget them, but honestly to tithe their increase
[Nu 18:24].
Besides the tenth of all the land produce, they had forty-eight cities, with the surrounding grounds
[Nu 35:7],
"the best of the land," and a certain proportion of the sacrifices as their allotted perquisites. They had, therefore, if not an affluent, yet a comfortable and independent, fund for their support.
De 14:1, 2.
神的子民不可在丧礼中自割身体。
1. 不可为死人用刀划身——这是拜偶像之人在敬拜的庄严场合
(1Ki 18:28)
和丧礼中（参
Jer 16:6; 41:5）
常见的做法，他们用指甲或利器在脸面和身体其他部位划出可怕的伤痕。在两眉之间剃出一大片空白，也是异教徒为死者致哀的另一习俗（详见
Le 19:27, 28；
Le 21:5）。
这些不端庄、使人堕落的习俗，是绝望忧伤中过分而不自然的表达
(1Th 4:13)，
以色列人当小心避免，因为它们有损神的子民之品格，也与神的子民之身份不相称
[De 14:2]。