1
De 17:1.
繁體中文
英文原文
De 17:1.
THINGS SACRIFICED MUST BE SOUND.
1. Thou shalt not sacrifice . . . any bullock, or sheep, wherein is blemish--Under the name of bullock were comprehended bulls, cows, and calves; under that of sheep, rams, lambs, kids, he- and she-goats. An ox, from mutilation, was inadmissible. The qualifications required in animals destined for sacrifice are described
(Ex 12:5; Le 1:3).
2
De 17:2-7.
繁體中文
申 17:2-7.
拜偶像者必被治死。
2-7. 在你們中間……若有人……行了惡——揀選以色列的宏旨是保存對獨一真神的認識和敬拜；因此任何形式的偶像崇拜，無論是敬拜天體還是更粗鄙的形式，都被稱為"違背祂的約"。沒有任何等級或性別可以減輕此罪。每一個被報告的案件，甚至是犯下如此可憎之罪的風聞，都要受司法審查；若由有資格的證人證明，犯罪者要被帶到城外用石頭打死，證人要先向他投第一塊石頭。這項特別安排的目的，部分是借著證人在行刑中所擔任的顯著角色來阻止證人草率控告，部分是為公開保證罪行已得到應得的懲罰。
英文原文
De 17:2-7.
IDOLATERS MUST BE SLAIN.
2-7. If there be found among you . . . man or woman, that hath wrought wickedness--The grand object contemplated in choosing Israel was to preserve the knowledge and worship of the one true God; and hence idolatry of any kind, whether of the heavenly bodies or in some grosser form, is called "a transgression of His covenant." No rank or sex could palliate this crime. Every reported case, even a flying rumor of the perpetration of so heinous an offense, was to be judicially examined; and if proved by the testimony of competent witnesses, the offender was to be taken without the gates and stoned to death, the witnesses casting the first stone at him. The object of this special arrangement was partly to deter the witnesses from making a rash accusation by the prominent part they had to act as executioners, and partly to give a public assurance that the crime had met its due punishment.
8
De 17:8-13.
繁體中文
申 17:8-13.
祭司與審判官當斷定爭訟。
8-13. 你城中若起了爭訟的事……難斷的案件——在一切民事或刑事案件上，凡有疑難不能判斷的，當地的官長就要將案件上訴到公會的法庭——那是最高議會，由部分民事、部分宗教人員組成。"祭司利未人"應作"祭司——利未人"；即利未族的祭司，包括大祭司在內，他們是立法議會的成員；他們既構成一體，故稱"那審判官"。他們開庭的地點在聖所附近，因為在重大緊急時大祭司需要借烏陵和土明求問神
(民 27:21)。
他們的判決沒有上訴之途；若有人頑梗悖逆、不肯遵從他們的判語，其行為既與維持秩序和善治相悖，就要被視為並處以死罪。
英文原文
De 17:8-13.
THE PRIESTS AND JUDGES TO DETERMINE CONTROVERSIES.
8-13. If there arise a matter too hard for thee in judgment--In all civil or criminal cases, where there was any doubt or difficulty in giving a decision, the local magistrates were to submit them by reference to the tribunal of the Sanhedrim--the supreme council, which was composed partly of civil and partly of ecclesiastical persons. "The priests and Levites," should rather be "the priests--the Levites"; that is, the Levitical priests, including the high priest, who were members of the legislative assembly; and who, as forming one body, are called "the judge." Their sittings were held in the neighborhood of the sanctuary because in great emergencies the high priest had to consult God by Urim
(Nu 27:21).
From their judgment there was no appeal; and if a person were so perverse and refractory as to refuse obedience to their sentences, his conduct, as inconsistent with the maintenance of order and good government, was then to be regarded and punished as a capital crime.
14
De 17:14-20.
繁體中文
申 17:14-20.
王的選立與職責。
14. 你……若說，我要立一個王治理我——在以下的經文中，摩西預言性地宣佈了以色列國家歷史後期將要發生的一次變革。其中並沒有認可或推薦的意味；相反，當群眾的呼聲借著立王而對神政體制造成那項憲政性的改變時，神以最明確的話語表達了不悅
(撒上 8:7)。
後來終於獲准，神為自己保留了提名家族和個人的權利
(撒上 9:15; 10:24; 16:12; 代上 28:4)。
總之，摩西預見到他那無知而易變的同胞——對自己作為獨特子民的優勢毫無感覺——必很快想要改變體制、與列國一樣，便在某種程度上為這樣的緊急情況作了準備，並定下了以色列的王所必須遵行的原則。他必須具備某些不可或缺的條件。他必須是以色列人、同族同教，以保持既立敬拜的純潔，並作基督——那屬靈的君王、他們弟兄中的一位——的預表。
英文原文
De 17:14-20.
THE ELECTION AND DUTY OF A KING.
14. When thou . . . shalt say, I will set a king over me--In the following passage Moses prophetically announces a revolution which should occur at a later period in the national history of Israel. No sanction or recommendation was indicated; on the contrary, when the popular clamor had effected that constitutional change on the theocracy by the appointment of a king, the divine disapproval was expressed in the most unequivocal terms
(1Sa 8:7).
Permission at length was granted, God reserving to Himself the nomination of the family and the person who should be elevated to the regal dignity
(1Sa 9:15; 10:24; 16:12; 1Ch 28:4).
In short, Moses foreseeing that his ignorant and fickle countrymen, insensible to their advantages as a peculiar people, would soon wish to change their constitution and be like other nations, provides to a certain extent for such an emergency and lays down the principles on which a king in Israel must act. He was to possess certain indispensable requisites. He was to be an Israelite, of the same race and religion, to preserve the purity of the established worship, as well as be a type of Christ, a spiritual king, one of their brethren.
15
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繁體中文
15. 你不可立不屬你弟兄的外邦人治理你——即他們不可憑自由自願的選擇如此行。但在祂護理的報應中，神確實容許了外邦君王篡奪統治權
(耶 38:17; 太 22:17)。
英文原文
15. thou mayest not set a stranger over thee, which is not thy brother--that is, by their free and voluntary choice. But God, in the retributions of His providence, did allow foreign princes to usurp the dominion
(Jer 38:17; Mt 22:17).
16
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繁體中文
16. 王不可為自己加添馬匹——使用這些牲畜並非絕對禁止，也沒有理由斷定它們不可用作國家儀仗的一部分。但馬匹的增多必帶來許多惡果：與外邦、尤其是埃及的交往增加；引進一種與本國性質不相宜的牲畜；東方式軍事專制的建立；平時驕奢浮華的排場；戰時對埃及的依賴，以及隨之而來的對神信任的減退。
(撒下 8:4; 王上 10:26; 代下 1:16; 9:28; 賽 31:3)。
英文原文
16. he shall not multiply horses to himself--The use of these animals was not absolutely prohibited, nor is there any reason to conclude that they might not be employed as part of the state equipage. But the multiplication of horses would inevitably lead to many evils, to increased intercourse with foreign nations, especially with Egypt, to the importation of an animal to which the character of the country was not suited, to the establishment of an Oriental military despotism, to proud and pompous parade in peace, to a dependence upon Egypt in time of war, and a consequent withdrawal of trust and confidence in God.
(2Sa 8:4; 1Ki 10:26; 2Ch 1:16; 9:28; Isa 31:3).
17
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繁體中文
17. 他也不可為自己多立妃嬪，免得他的心偏邪——在這一點上記下一條明確的禁令有最充分的理由，因為鄰國盛行多妻制，其君王擁有龐大的後宮；再者，以色列的君王對百姓享有絕對的獨立，除神的律法外別無約束其情慾的憑藉。違背這條件所帶來的惡果，在所羅門和其他君王的歷史中得到了印證——他們踐踏了這條限制性的律法，既敗壞了自己，也敗壞了國家。
也不可為自己多積金銀——即禁止君王為私人目的積攢錢財。
英文原文
17. Neither shall he multiply wives to himself, that his heart turn not away--There were the strongest reasons for recording an express prohibition on this point, founded on the practice of neighboring countries in which polygamy prevailed, and whose kings had numerous harems; besides, the monarch of Israel was to be absolutely independent of the people and had nothing but the divine law to restrain his passions. The mischievous effects resulting from the breach of this condition were exemplified in the history of Solomon and other princes, who, by trampling on the restrictive law, corrupted themselves as well as the nation.
neither shall he greatly multiply . . . silver and gold--that is, the kings were forbidden to accumulate money for private purposes.
18
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繁體中文
18-20. 他登了國位，就要將這律法書為自己抄錄一本——古時聖經的原卷存放在聖所，由祭司嚴加保管
(參 申 31:26;
王下 22:8)。
每一位君王在登基時，都要獲賜一份真確而忠實的副本，他要常放在身邊，每日誦讀，使他的品格和心思得以鑄成其聖潔的模範，好在信心和敬虔、謙卑和愛慕公義的靈中履行君王的職責。
英文原文
18-20. he shall write him a copy of this law in a book--The original scroll of the ancient Scriptures was deposited in the sanctuary under the strict custody of the priests (see on
De 31:26;
2Ki 22:8).
Each monarch, on his accession, was to be furnished with a true and faithful copy, which he was to keep constantly beside him, and daily peruse it, that his character and sentiments being cast into its sanctifying mould, he might discharge his royal functions in the spirit of faith and piety, of humility and a love or righteousness.
20
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繁體中文
20. 使他在國位上年長日久，他和他的子孺——由此可知，以色列的王冠是世襲的，除非因個人犯罪而被褫奪。
英文原文
20. that he may prolong his days in his kingdom, he and his children--From this it appears that the crown in Israel was to be hereditary, unless forfeited by personal crime.
申 17:1.
獻為祭之物必須無瑕疵。
1. 凡有殘疾……的牛羊，你不可獻為祭——"牛"一名包括公牛、母牛和牛犢；"羊"包括公綿羊、羔羊、山羊、公母山羊。閹割的牛不得獻上。獻祭牲所要求的資格，在
出 12:5; 利 1:3
中有描述。