1
De 31:1-8.
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英文原文
De 31:1-8.
MOSES ENCOURAGES THE PEOPLE AND JOSHUA.
1. Moses went and spake--It is probable that this rehearsal of the law extended over several successive days; and it might be the last and most important day on which the return of Moses to the place of assembly is specially noticed. In drawing his discourse towards a conclusion, he adverted to his advanced age; and although neither his physical nor intellectual powers had suffered any decay
(De 34:7),
yet he knew, by a special revelation, that the time had arrived when he was about to be withdrawn from the superintendence and government of Israel.
2
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2-8. 耶和華也曾說——應作"因為耶和華曾說"，你不得過這約旦河。摩西在向百姓莊嚴告別時，勸勉他們不要因仇敵的威嚇恫嚇而膽怯；要從他們立約之神的持續同在中得著勉勵；並要確信，那曾使他們擊敗約旦河東首批來犯之敵的神聖大能，在他們即將著手、要得"祂向他們列祖起誓應許賜給他們之地"的冒險事業中，同樣會有效地幫助他們。
英文原文
2-8. also the Lord hath said--should be "for the Lord hath said" thou shalt not go over this Jordan. While taking a solemn leave of the people, Moses exhorted them not to be intimidated by the menacing opposition of enemies; to take encouragement from the continued presence of their covenanted God; and to rest assured that the same divine power, which had enabled them to discomfit their first assailants on the east of Jordan, would aid them not less effectually in the adventurous enterprise which they were about to undertake, and by which they would obtain possession of "the land which He had sworn unto their fathers to give them."
9
De 31:9-13.
繁體中文
申 31:9-13.
他將律法交給祭司，每逢第七年宣讀給百姓聽。
9-13. 摩西將這律法寫出來，交給祭司——這樣寫下的律法，或是整卷《申命記》，或是其中第二十七至三十章的重要部分。凡公私契約，慣例都要製作兩份——一份存於國家檔案或某安全之處以備查考；另一份則留在立約當事人手中
(耶 32:12-14)。
此次重立神與以色列之約，也循同樣的方式。律法的兩份書面副本被預備好，其中一份交給以色列的公開代表，即祭司和長老。
祭司……就是抬耶和華約櫃的——在一切尋常的行程中，抬約櫃及其器具是利未人應盡的本分
(民 4:15)；
但在莊嚴或非常的場合，這職分則由祭司擔任
(書 3:3-8; 6:6; 代上 15:11, 12)。
以色列的眾長老——他們是祭司的助手，並負責監管律法的保存、複習和遵行。
英文原文
De 31:9-13.
HE DELIVERS THE LAW TO THE PRIESTS, TO READ IT EVERY SEVENTH YEAR TO THE PEOPLE.
9-13. And Moses wrote this law, and delivered it unto the priests--The law thus committed to writing was either the whole book of Deuteronomy, or the important part of it contained between the twenty-seventh and thirtieth chapters. It was usual in cases of public or private contract for two copies of the engagement to be made--one to be deposited in the national archives or some secure place for reference, should occasion require. The other was to remain in the hands of the contracting parties
(Jer 32:12-14).
The same course was followed on this renewal of the covenant between God and Israel. Two written copies of the law were prepared, the one of which was delivered to the public representatives of Israel; namely, the priests and the elders.
the priests, . . . who bare the ark of the covenant--In all ordinary journeys, it was the common duty of the Levites to carry the ark and its furniture
(Nu 4:15);
but, on solemn or extraordinary occasions, that office was discharged by the priests
(Jos 3:3-8; 6:6; 1Ch 15:11, 12).
all the elders of Israel--They were assistants to the priests and overseers to take care of the preservation, rehearsal, and observance of the law.
10
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10, 11. 每逢七年末一年……你要將這律法念給他們聽——在安息年回來、住棚節期間，律法要公開宣讀。摩西這一吩咐是未來前瞻性的安排；因為守安息年要到征服並和平佔據迦南之後才開始。這條例有多項重要作用。因為百姓雖然每逢安息日、每日在家中都有機會受教於律法，但在聖所庭院的聚會中定期公開複習——十二歲的婦孺也照常出席大節期——可在時間和地點的神聯想中，產生對屬神真理的良好而敬虔的印象。此外，這也構成一項公開的保證，使聖書得以保存、完整、忠實地傳給後世。
英文原文
10, 11. At the end of every seven years, . . . thou shalt read this law--At the return of the sabbatic year and during the feast of tabernacles, the law was to be publicly read. This order of Moses was a future and prospective arrangement; for the observance of the sabbatic year did not commence till the conquest and peaceful occupation of Canaan. The ordinance served several important purposes. For, while the people had opportunities of being instructed in the law every Sabbath and daily in their own homes, this public periodical rehearsal at meetings in the courts of the sanctuary, where women and children of twelve years were present (as they usually were at the great festivals), was calculated to produce good and pious impressions of divine truth amid the sacred associations of the time and place. Besides, it formed a public guarantee for the preservation, integrity, and faithful transmission of the Sacred Book to successive ages.
14
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14, 15. 耶和華對摩西說……你將約書亞召來，你們二人站在會幕中——約書亞已被摩西公開指定為統帥
[民 27:22, 23]；
而神樂意以祂同在和悅納的可見記號來確認這項任命。由於只有祭司才可進入聖所，這一意義重大的雲柱顯現很可能是當兩位領袖站在會幕門口時發生的。
英文原文
14, 15. the Lord said unto Moses, . . .call Joshua, and present yourselves in the tabernacle of the congregation--Joshua had been publicly designated to the office of commander by Moses
[Nu 27:22, 23];
and God was pleased to confirm his appointment by the visible symbols of His presence and approval. As none but the priests were privileged to enter the sanctuary, it is probable that this significant manifestation of the cloudy pillar was made while the leaders stood at the door of the tabernacle.
16
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16-22. 耶和華又對摩西說……這百姓起來——在這次非凡的會面中，摩西清楚地被告知以色列的背信、他們因與迦南拜偶像的居民交往而對真宗教的敗壞
(摩 5:26)，
以及因這些全國性的叛離而來的懲罰。
英文原文
16-22. the Lord said unto Moses, . . . this people will rise up--In this remarkable interview, Moses was distinctly apprised of the infidelity of Israel, their corruptions of the true religion through intercourse with the idolatrous inhabitants of Canaan
(Am 5:26),
and their chastisements in consequence of those national defections.
17
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17. 那時我的怒氣必發作……我必向他們掩面——這是宣告神必收回祂的恩寵和護衛——而舍吉拿正是這恩寵和護衛的象徵和憑據。它從未在第二聖殿中顯現；它的不顯現是"臨到他們的一切災禍"的先兆——"因為他們的神不在他們中間"。
英文原文
17. Then my anger shall be kindled, . . . and I will hide my face from them--an announcement of the withdrawal of the divine favor and protection of which the Shekinah was the symbol and pledge. It never appeared in the second temple; and its non-appearance was a prelude of "all the evils that came upon them, because their God was not among them."
19
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19. 現在你要寫一篇歌——國民之歌深植於記憶之中，在激發一個民族最深情感方面具有強大的影響力。基於人性的這一原則，摩西受命——無疑是在神的默示之下——作一首歌，由以色列人自己學習，並代代相傳教給兒女，概括前述各篇講論的要旨，其格調適合在民間激起對神恩待其國家的強烈意識。
英文原文
19. Now therefore write ye this song--National songs take deep hold of the memories and have a powerful influence in stirring the deepest feelings of a people. In accordance with this principle in human nature, a song was ordered to be composed by Moses, doubtless under divine inspiration, which was to be learnt by the Israelites themselves and to be taught to their children in every age, embodying the substance of the preceding addresses, and of a strain well suited to inspire the popular mind with a strong sense of God's favor to their nation.
26
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26. 將這律法書放在耶和華你們神的約櫃旁——律法的第二份副本
(參 申 31:9)
被放在約櫃旁的一個小匣中，以示更大的安全和敬意，因為約櫃之內除了石版以外別無他物
(王上 8:9)。
另有人認為它是放在約櫃之內，因為據保羅的見證
(來 9:4)，
約櫃中曾一度另有他物，而這就是約西亞年間所尋獲的那份
(王下 22:8)。
英文原文
26. Take this book of the law, and put it in the side of the ark--The second copy of the law (see on
De 31:9)
was deposited for greater security and reverence in a little chest beside the ark of the covenant, for there was nothing contained within it but the tables of stone
(1Ki 8:9).
Others think it was put within the ark, it being certain, from the testimony of Paul
(Heb 9:4),
that there were once other things inside the ark, and that this was the copy found in the time of Josiah
(2Ki 22:8).
申 31:1-8.
摩西勉勵百姓和約書亞。
1. 摩西去告訴——這律法的復述大概延續了數日；而摩西回到集會之處可能是特別提到最後、也是最重要的一日。在講論接近尾聲時，他提到自己年事已高；雖然他的體力和智力都未見衰敗
(申 34:7)，
他卻借特別的啟示知道，他被撤離對以色列的看顧和治理的時候已經到了。