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De 5:1-29.
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英文原文
De 5:1-29.
A COMMEMORATION OF THE COVENANT IN HOREB.
1. Hear, O Israel, the statutes and judgments--Whether this rehearsal of the law was made in a solemn assembly, or as some think at a general meeting of the elders as representatives of the people, is of little moment; it was addressed either directly or indirectly to the Hebrew people as principles of their peculiar constitution as a nation; and hence, as has been well observed, "the Jewish law has no obligation upon Christians, unless so much of it as given or commanded by Jesus Christ; for whatever in this law is conformable to the laws of nature, obliges us, not as given by Moses, but by virtue of an antecedent law common to all rational beings" [BISHOP WILSON].
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3. 耶和華不是與我們列祖立這約，乃是與我們——意思是："不僅與我們的列祖"立約，"也與"我們"立約——若視其為恩典之約。也可理解為根本"不是與我們的列祖"立約——若所指為西奈之約的特定設立；律法沒有像賜給我們那樣賜給他們，這約也沒有以同樣公開的方式、同樣的莊嚴保證來批准。最後，這意思也可能是"不是與我們的列祖"——他們因悖逆而死在曠野，神沒有把只應許給忠信之人的賞賜賜給他們；而是"與我們"——嚴格說來，唯獨我們要進入應許之地、享受這約的福分。
英文原文
3. The Lord made not this covenant with our fathers, but with us--The meaning is, "not with our fathers" only, "but with us" also, assuming it to be "a covenant" of grace. It may mean "not with our fathers" at all, if the reference is to the peculiar establishment of the covenant of Sinai; a law was not given to them as to us, nor was the covenant ratified in the same public manner and by the same solemn sanctions. Or, finally, the meaning may be "not with our fathers" who died in the wilderness, in consequence of their rebellion, and to whom God did not give the rewards promised only to the faithful; but "with us," who alone, strictly speaking, shall enjoy the benefits of this covenant by entering on the possession of the promised land.
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4. 耶和華在山上，從火中面對面與你說話——並非以有形可見的身體樣式，對此毫無痕跡
(申 4:12, 15)，
而是自由地、親切地，且其方式使 人對祂的同在毫無疑慮。
英文原文
4. The Lord talked with you face to face in the mount--not in a visible and corporeal form, of which there was no trace
(De 4:12, 15),
but freely, familiarly, and in such a manner that no doubt could be entertained of His presence.
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5. 那時我站在耶和華和你們中間——作你天上君王的使者和翻譯，將相距遙遠的兩方——即神與百姓——帶至相近
(加 3:19)。
摩西在此身分上是基督的預表；基督是神與人之間唯一的中保
(提前 2:5)，
是更美之約的中保
(來 8:6; 9:15; 12:24)。
將耶和華的話傳給你們——不是十誡——因為十誡是由神聖的發言者親自直接宣告的——而是本書後文所重申的律例和典章。
英文原文
5. I stood between the Lord and you at that time--as the messenger and interpreter of thy heavenly King, bringing near two objects formerly removed from each other at a vast distance, namely, God and the people
(Ga 3:19).
In this character Moses was a type of Christ, who is the only mediator between God and men
(1Ti 2:5),
the Mediator of a better covenant
(Heb 8:6; 9:15; 12:24).
to show you the word of the Lord--not the ten commandments--for they were proclaimed directly by the Divine Speaker Himself, but the statutes and judgments which are repeated in the subsequent portion of this book.
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6-20. 我是耶和華你的神——"耶和華"一詞表達權威或統治之意；神既憑天然的權利、又憑聖約的關係，有權對祂的百姓以色列施行至高的主權，便有絕對的權利為他們制定治理的律法。
[參 出 20:2。]
以下所記的誡命，除少數字句略有更動外，與先前所記的相同
(出 20:1-17)，
其中若干條明顯地回應那次頒布的內容。
英文原文
6-20. I am the Lord thy God--The word "Lord" is expressive of authority or dominion; and God, who by natural claim as well as by covenant relation was entitled to exercise supremacy over His people Israel, had a sovereign right to establish laws for their government. [See on
Ex 20:2.]
The commandments which follow are, with a few slight verbal alterations, the same as formerly recorded
(Ex 20:1-17),
and in some of them there is a distinct reference to that promulgation.
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12. 當照耶和華你神所吩咐的，守安息日為聖日——即要記念它是早先設立、永遠有效的神聖制度。
[參 出 20:8]。
英文原文
12. Keep the sabbath day to sanctify it, as the Lord thy God hath commanded thee--that is, keep it in mind as a sacred institution of former enactment and perpetual obligation. [See on
Ex 20:8].
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14. 使你的僕婢可以和你一樣安息——這是與
出 20:8-11
所賜的另一個守安息日的理由，在那裡說這日是創造的記念。但增列另一個守日的動機，並不意味著與前者有任何必然的矛盾；據推測，既然這節期作為記念的用意為人所熟知，那麼在這次律法重申之時，特別提及另一個理由，是為了保障僕人安息的特權——在一些希伯來家庭中，這特權曾被剝奪。從這個觀點來看，對埃及為奴之時
(申 5:15)
——那時他們自己既不得守安息日為休息之日，也不得守為公眾敬拜之日——的引述，就格外合時而有意義，足以直擊他們的生活和內心。
英文原文
14. that thy man-servant and thy maid-servant may rest as well as thou--This is a different reason for the observance of the Sabbath from what is assigned in
Ex 20:8-11,
where that day is stated to be an appointed memorial of the creation. But the addition of another motive for the observance does not imply any necessary contrariety to the other; and it has been thought probable that, the commemorative design of the institution being well known, the other reason was specially mentioned on this repetition of the law, to secure the privilege of sabbatic rest to servants, of which, in some Hebrew families, they had been deprived. In this view, the allusion to the period of Egyptian bondage
(De 5:15),
when they themselves were not permitted to observe the Sabbath either as a day of rest or of public devotion, was peculiarly seasonable and significant, well fitted to come home to their business and bosoms.
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16. 使你得福——這句在《出埃及記》中沒有，但被收入
弗 6:3。
英文原文
16. that it may go well with thee--This clause is not in Exodus, but admitted into
Eph 6:3.
21
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21. 不可貪戀你鄰舍的妻……房屋、田地——此處對字句作了更改
(參 出 20:17)，
但更改極其輕微（"妻"置於第一句，"房屋"置於第二句），本不值一提；只是這次序的調換證明，這兩樣對象是包含在同一條誡命之內的——這與某些著名批評家的見解相反。
英文原文
21. Neither shalt thou desire thy neighbour's wife, . . . house, his field--An alteration is here made in the words (see
Ex 20:17),
but it is so slight ("wife" being put in the first clause and "house" in the second) that it would not have been worth while noticing it, except that the interchange proves, contrary to the opinion of some eminent critics, that these two objects are included in one and the same commandment.
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22. 此外並沒有加添別的——
(出 20:1)。
這十條誡命的優越性，表現在神親自直接宣佈它們；其他的律法和制度則是借著摩西為媒介傳達給百姓。
英文原文
22. he added no more--
(Ex 20:1).
The pre-eminence of these ten commandments was shown in God's announcing them directly: other laws and institutions were communicated to the people through the instrumentality of Moses.
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23-28. 那時……你們就近我——
(參 出 20:19)。
英文原文
23-28. And . . . ye came near unto me--(See on
Ex 20:19).
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29. 惟願他們存這樣的心敬畏我——神能賜下這樣的心，且已應許只要人祈求就必賜下
(耶 32:40)。
但神在此所表達的、對以色列人敬虔和堅定順服的願望，與其說是針對他們個人，不如說是針對他們作為一個國家——其宗教品格和進步必對全世界產生重大影響。
英文原文
29. Oh, that there were such an heart in them, that they would fear me--God can bestow such a heart, and has promised to give it, wherever it is asked
(Jer 32:40).
But the wish which is here expressed on the part of God for the piety and steadfast obedience of the Israelites did not relate to them as individuals, so much as a nation, whose religious character and progress would have a mighty influence on the world at large.
申 5:1-29.
記念何烈山的聖約。
1. 以色列人哪，你們要聽我今日所說的律例典章——這律法的復述是在莊嚴的集會中進行，還是如某些人所想，在長老作為百姓代表的全體會議中進行，無關緊要；它是直接或間接地向希伯來百姓說的，作為他們作為一個國家的特殊憲法的原則；因此正如有人恰當地觀察到："猶太律法對基督徒沒有約束力，除非是耶穌基督所賜或所吩咐的那部分；因為這律法中符合自然律的部分約束我們，不是作為摩西所賜的，而是憑著一條先於一切、為所有理性受造之物所共有的律法"〔BISHOP WILSON〕。