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Ex 40:1-38.
简体中文
英文原文
Ex 40:1-38.
THE TABERNACLE REARED AND ANOINTED.
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简体中文
2. 正月初一日——仔细考察出埃及之后所记各项事件
(出 12:2; 13:4; 19:1; 20:18; 34:28,
等等),据推算,会幕的工程是在那次迁徙后不到六个月之内开始的;因此,另外六个月便是用于建造。如此长久的时间用于预备一座可移动的帐幕的材料,若非我们知道会幕的庞大尺寸,以及其各件器物所需的繁多而精巧的工艺,实在难以理解。
会幕——整座建筑。
帐幕——覆盖其上的罩子
(出 40:19)。
英文原文
2. On the first day of the first month--From a careful consideration of the incidents recorded to have happened after the exodus
(Ex 12:2; 13:4; 19:1; 20:18; 34:28,
&c.), it has been computed that the work of the tabernacle was commenced within six months after that emigration; and consequently, that other six months had been occupied in building it. So long a period spent in preparing the materials of a movable pavilion, it would be difficult to understand, were it not for what we are told of the vast dimensions of the tabernacle, as well as the immense variety of curious and elaborate workmanship which its different articles of furniture required.
the tabernacle--the entire edifice.
the tent--the covering that surmounted it
(Ex 40:19).
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简体中文
15. 你怎样膏他们的父亲,也照样膏他们——所用的是圣膏油,但仪式似乎并非完全相同;因为虽然膏油洒在亚伦和他儿子们的衣服上
(出 29:21; 利 8:30),
却不是倒在后者的头上。这一区别保留给大祭司
(出 29:7; 利 8:12; 诗 133:2)。
英文原文
15. anoint them, as thou didst anoint their fathers--The sacred oil was used, but it does not appear that the ceremony was performed exactly in the same manner; for although the anointing oil was sprinkled over the garments both of Aaron and his sons
(Ex 29:21; Le 8:30),
it was not poured over the heads of the latter. This distinction was reserved for the high priest
(Ex 29:7; Le 8:12; Ps 133:2).
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简体中文
16. 摩西这样行,都是照耶和华所吩咐他的——在他这方面,在陈设器具上遵从「样式」所显的严谨忠心,与工人在建造工程时所显的一样。
英文原文
16. Thus did Moses: according to all that the Lord commanded him--On his part, the same scrupulous fidelity was shown in conforming to the "pattern" in the disposition of the furniture, as had been displayed by the workmen in the erection of the edifice.
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简体中文
33. 这样摩西就完了工——虽然此处没有明记,但根据一切类似场合所发生的事,有理由相信在落成之日,百姓被召出营帐——都列队而成庞大的会众,却井然有序,安详地排列在新近竖立的会幕四周。
英文原文
33. So Moses finished the work--Though it is not expressly recorded in this passage, yet, from what took place on all similar occasions, there is reason to believe that on the inauguration day the people were summoned from their tents--were all drawn up as a vast assemblage, yet in calm and orderly arrangement, around the newly erected tabernacle.
34
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简体中文
34. 云彩——字面作「『那』云彩」,即那作为神同在之众所周知记号的奥秘之云。这云在山顶上离他们甚远之处停留之后,似乎开始移动;若他们中间许多人对结局暗暗疑虑,当那象征之云被看见缓慢而庄严地向下方平原降下、遮盖会幕时,那发软的心将如何振奋,当时的兴趣将如何大大加增,喜乐的浪潮将如何在每个人胸中澎湃。会幕整个地、完全地被一片密不透风的云所遮蔽,并非没有深远而富教益的含义;它保护这神圣建筑免受阿拉伯气候的酷热;它是神同在的记号;它也是摩西时代的象征——那时代虽是属天的启示,却仍有许多事隐藏在幽暗之中;因为它与福音中那表明神圣性格和荣耀更清晰、更完全启示的明亮云彩相比,乃是一片乌云
(太 17:5)。
耶和华的荣光就充满了帐幕——即光和火,一种受造的光辉,是神特有的象征
(约壹 1:5)。
这光是否本在云中,在此场合它从云中发出,并非如闪电般迅捷如同电光一闪,而是以庄严的光辉,经过外廊进入至圣所的内部
(王上 8:10; 约 1:14)。
其神迹性质可见于这事实:它虽「充满了帐幕」,却没有一幅幔子或一件器具被烤焦丝毫。
英文原文
34. a cloud--literally, "The cloud," the mystic cloud which was the well-known symbol of the Divine Presence. After remaining at a great distance from them on the summit of the mount, it appeared to be in motion; and if many among them had a secret misgiving about the issue, how the fainting heart would revive, the interest of the moment intensely increase, and the tide of joy swell in every bosom, when that symbolic cloud was seen slowly and majestically descending towards the plain below and covering the tabernacle. The entire and universal concealment of the tabernacle within the folds of an impervious cloud was not without a deep and instructive meaning; it was a protection to the sacred edifice from the burning heats of the Arabian climate; it was a token of the Divine Presence; and it was also an emblem of the Mosaic dispensation, which, though it was a revelation from heaven, yet left many things hid in obscurity; for it was a dark cloud compared with the bright cloud, which betokened the clearer and fuller discoveries of the divine character and glory in the gospel
(Mt 17:5).
the glory of the Lord filled the tabernacle--that is, light and fire, a created splendor, which was the peculiar symbol of God
(1Jo 1:5).
Whether this light was inherent in the cloud or not, it emanated from it on this occasion, and making its entry, not with the speed of a lightning flash as if it were merely an electric spark, but in majestic splendor, it passed through the outer porch into the interior of the most holy place
(1Ki 8:10; Joh 1:14).
Its miraculous character is shown by the fact, that, though "it filled the tabernacle," not a curtain or any article of furniture was so much as singed.
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简体中文
35. 摩西不能进会幕——这情形何等表明,人在现今的状态中,无力仰望神格那毫无遮蔽的完全!摩西不能忍受那毫无遮蔽的光辉,最崇高的先知也不能
(赛 6:5)。
然而因着本性的软弱,摩西和神差遣给古代教会最杰出的使者所不能忍受的,我们如今都能借着信心做到;仰望耶稣,祂以柔和的光辉返照父荣耀的灿烂;祂作为我们的先锋,已经进入幔子以内,并邀请我们坦然无惧地来到施恩宝座前。当摩西因势不可挡的敬畏而不得不远远站立、不能进入会幕时,基督却进了那非人手所造的圣所;不,祂自己就是那真会幕,充满了神的荣耀,常有舍金纳所预表的恩典和真理。我们有何等充足的理由为耶稣基督感谢神,祂自己虽是父荣耀的光辉,却以如此温和、吸引人的方式彰显那荣耀,以致吸引我们以信心和爱心坦然就近神的同在!
英文原文
35. Moses was not able to enter into the tent of the congregation--How does this circumstance show the incapacity of man, in his present state, to look upon the unveiled perfections of the Godhead! Moses could not endure the unclouded effulgence, nor the sublimest of the prophets
(Isa 6:5).
But what neither Moses nor the most eminent of God's messengers to the ancient church through the weakness of nature could endure, we can all now do by an exercise of faith; looking unto Jesus, who reflected with chastened radiance the brightness of the Father's glory; and who, having as the Forerunner for us, entered within the veil, has invited us to come boldly to the mercy seat. While Moses was compelled, through the influence of overwhelming awe, to stand aloof and could not enter the tabernacle, Christ entered into the holy place not made with hands; nay, He is Himself the true tabernacle, filled with the glory of God, ever with the grace and truth which the Shekinah typified. What great reason we have to thank God for Jesus Christ, who, while He Himself was the brightness of the Father's glory, yet exhibited that glory in so mild and attractive a manner, as to allure us to draw near with confidence and love into the Divine Presence!
36
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36. 云彩从帐幕收上去——在东方多沙、无路的旷野中行军时,自古以来就使用火炬,白日发出烟云,夜间发出火光。大流士和亚历山大的军队在行军中都是这样引导的[FABER]。阿拉伯商旅今日仍遵此俗;这些火炬所需的材料,也和其他行路的必要预备一同储备。活的燃料放在长竿末端的高脚盘里升起来,在远处就能看见,白日以烟、夜间以光,作为前进的信号,比号声更好——号声在庞大营盘的边缘无法听见[LABORDE]。这习俗与摩西所记的神迹彼此互为说明。这习俗使我们想到,那神迹是必要的,也是配得神行的;另一方面,云柱的神迹既白日提供荫凉、夜间提供光照,具有双重益处,也暗示希伯来人对这习俗并不陌生,且这云柱供应了他们与其他旅行者在那荒凉地区所共有的一切需要[FABER, HESS, GRANDPIERRE]。但它独特的外观、始终如一的特性,以及有规律的移动,使它有别于一切寻常的大气现象。它对以色列人是无价的恩赐,被那百姓各阶层公认为神同在的记号,引导他们的行程,调度他们的安营(参
诗 29:1-11; 105:1-45)。
英文原文
36. when the cloud was taken up from over the tabernacle--In journeying through the sandy, trackless deserts of the East, the use of torches, exhibiting a cloud of smoke by day and of fire by night, has been resorted to from time immemorial. The armies of Darius and Alexander were conducted on their marches in this manner [FABER]. The Arab caravans in the present day observe the same custom; and materials for these torches are stored up among other necessary preparations for a journey. Live fuel, hoisted in chafing dishes at the end of long poles, and being seen at a great distance, serves, by the smoke in the daytime and the light at night, as a better signal for march than the sound of a trumpet, which is not heard at the extremities of a large camp [LABORDE]. This usage, and the miracle related by Moses, mutually illustrate each other. The usage leads us to think that the miracle was necessary, and worthy of God to perform; and, on the other hand, the miracle of the cloudy pillar, affording double benefit of shade by day and light at night, implies not only that the usage was not unknown to the Hebrews, but supplied all the wants which they felt in common with other travellers through those dreary regions [FABER, HESS, GRANDPIERRE]. But its peculiar appearance, unvarying character, and regular movements, distinguished it from all the common atmospheric phenomena. It was an invaluable boon to the Israelites, and being recognized by all classes among that people as the symbol of the Divine Presence, it guided their journeys and regulated their encampments (compare
Ps 29:1-11; 105:1-45).
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38. 耶和华的云彩是在帐幕之上——从前这云或在此处、或在彼处显现,如今只见于会幕之上;因此,从那圣所立起、耶和华的荣光充满那神圣建筑之时起,以色列人必须仰望神所拣选、要将自己的名留在那里的地方,才能享受这位属天向导的引导
(民 9:15-23)。
照样,教会从一开始就有神的启示作为引导——远在神的话语以书面形式存在之前;但自从那神圣正典设立以来,启示就以它为会幕,而且只能在其中寻见。这启示无论我们在何处、往何方,都与我们相随,正如云彩引导以色列人的路一样。它总是随手可得,我们出门行走时,可以放在口袋里;也可以铭刻在我们记忆和内心的版上;它是如此真实、忠心而完备的向导,以致我们在世上无论蒙召经过何种本分或试炼之境,它都提供清晰、稳妥、无误的指引
(西 3:16)。
罗伯特·贾米森(Jamieson)、A. R. 福塞特(Fausset)、大卫·布朗(David Brown)
《圣经全注释与解说》(1871)
英文原文
38. the cloud of the Lord was upon the tabernacle, &c.--While it had hitherto appeared sometimes in one place, sometimes in another, it was now found on the tabernacle only; so that from the moment that sanctuary was erected, and the glory of the Lord had filled the sacred edifice, the Israelites had to look to the place which God had chosen to put His name there, in order that they might enjoy the benefit of a heavenly Guide
(Nu 9:15-23).
In like manner, the church had divine revelation for its guide from the first--long before the WORD of God existed in a written form; but ever since the setting up of that sacred canon, it rests on that as its tabernacle and there only is it to be found. It accompanies us wherever we are or go, just as the cloud led the way of the Israelites. It is always accessible and can be carried in our pockets when we walk abroad; it may be engraved on the inner tablets of our memories and our hearts; and so true, faithful, and complete a guide is it, that there is not a scene of duty or of trial through which we may be called to pass in the world, but it furnishes a clear, a safe, and unerring direction
(Col 3:16).
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Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
Send Addenda, Corrigenda, and Sententiae to the editor
出埃及记 40:1-38.
立起 会幕并 膏抹。