1
Ge 28:1-19.
简体中文
英文原文
Ge 28:1-19.
JACOB'S DEPARTURE.
1. Isaac called Jacob and blessed him--He entered fully into Rebekah's feelings, and the burden of his parting counsel to his son was to avoid a marriage alliance with any but the Mesopotamian branch of the family. At the same time he gave him a solemn blessing--pronounced before unwittingly, now designedly, and with a cordial spirit. It is more explicitly and fully given, and Jacob was thus acknowledged "the heir of the promise."
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6-9. 以扫见以撒已经给雅各祝福，等——他渴望讨父母欢心，并尽可能使那遗嘱作废，可惜为时已晚才变聪明（见
Mt 25:10)，
指望在一件事上顺从父母，以弥补他从前的种种过失。但他只是弄巧成拙；他虽未娶“迦南的女子为妻”，却娶了神所弃绝的家族。这表明他部分地改革了，却并未悔改，因他没有显示任何放弃对兄弟报复之意的证据，也没有显出那会使他父亲得安慰的敬虔之灵——他正如米迦一样（见
Jud 17:13)。
英文原文
6-9. when Esau saw that Isaac had blessed Jacob, &c.--Desirous to humor his parents and, if possible, get the last will revoked, he became wise when too late (see
Mt 25:10),
and hoped by gratifying his parents in one thing to atone for all his former delinquencies. But he only made bad worse, and though he did not marry a "wife of the daughters of Canaan," he married into a family which God had rejected. It showed a partial reformation, but no repentance, for he gave no proofs of abating his vindictive purposes against his brother, nor cherishing that pious spirit that would have gratified his father--he was like Micah (see
Jud 17:13).
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10. 雅各出了，等——他离父家是一次可耻的逃亡；因怕被他报复的兄弟追赶或埋伏，他没有走大路，而是走偏僻少人走的路径，这加增了路程的长度和危险。
英文原文
10. Jacob went out, &c.--His departure from his father's house was an ignominious flight; and for fear of being pursued or waylaid by his vindictive brother, he did not take the common road, but went by lonely and unfrequented paths, which increased the length and dangers of the journey.
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11. 到了一个地方——他经过强行军到了伯特利，距别是巴约四十八里，不得不在野外过夜。
拾起一块石头，等——“土壤的性质，正是雅各所卧之石地的现存注释”〔CLARKE的《游记》〕。
英文原文
11. he lighted upon a certain place--By a forced march he had reached Beth-el, about forty-eight miles from Beer-sheba, and had to spend the night in the open field.
he took of the stones, etc.--"The nature of the soil is an existing comment on the record of the stony territory where Jacob lay" [CLARKE'S Travels].
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简体中文
12. 他作梦……见一个梯子——有些作者认为所指的并非字面上的梯子；因为难以想象有什么比梯子更奇特更不自然的形象——其底在地上，其顶及天，却没有东西可以承托其上端。他们以为他头所枕的那小堆石头，是显现于他想象中之物的微缩模型；那后者是一座巨大的山堆，其侧面在岩石中凹入，使其形如攻城的梯子。这原词的这种用法在早期希伯来人中无疑很普遍；如约瑟夫描写托勒密（亚柯）城时，说它被一座山所限，因山的侧面突出而称为“梯子”；而通往城中的阶梯，原文称为梯子
(Ne 3:15)，
虽然不过是岩石侧面凿出的一串台阶。但无论雅各心眼所见的是普通梯子，还是如所述的山堆，这异象的目的都在于给这孤寂的逃亡者安慰、鼓励和信心，无论在他目前的处境中，还是关于他将来的前途。他白日的思想必是痛苦的——他自己要控诉自己把放逐和困乏招到自己身上——更甚的，是虽然他已得父亲的宽恕，却大有理由怕神可能已经离弃了他。独处给人反省的时机；如今神开始使雅各受一套宗教的教导和训练。为消除他的惧怕、平息他心中的翻腾，没有什么比那巨大梯子的异象更合适——那梯子从他延及天上，众天使在其上不断地升上降下，从神自己那里出来，作他们仁爱的差使
(Joh 1:51)。
英文原文
12. he dreamed . . . and behold a ladder--Some writers are of opinion that it was not a literal ladder that is meant, as it is impossible to conceive any imagery stranger and more unnatural than that of a ladder, whose base was on earth, while its top reached heaven, without having any thing on which to rest its upper extremity. They suppose that the little heap of stones, on which his head reclined for a pillow, being the miniature model of the object that appeared to his imagination, the latter was a gigantic mountain pile, whose sides, indented in the rock, gave it the appearance of a scaling ladder. There can be no doubt that this use of the original term was common among the early Hebrews; as JOSEPHUS, describing the town of Ptolemais (Acre), says it was bounded by a mountain, which, from its projecting sides, was called "the ladder," and the stairs that led down to the city are, in the original, termed a ladder
(Ne 3:15)
though they were only a flight of steps cut in the side of the rock. But whether the image presented to the mental eye of Jacob were a common ladder, or such a mountain pile as has been described, the design of this vision was to afford comfort, encouragement, and confidence to the lonely fugitive, both in his present circumstances and as to his future prospects. His thoughts during the day must have been painful--he would be his own self-accuser that he had brought exile and privation upon himself--and above all, that though he had obtained the forgiveness of his father, he had much reason to fear lest God might have forsaken him. Solitude affords time for reflection; and it was now that God began to bring Jacob under a course of religious instruction and training. To dispel his fears and allay the inward tumult of his mind, nothing was better fitted than the vision of the gigantic ladder, which reached from himself to heaven, and on which the angels were continually ascending and descending from God Himself on their benevolent errands
(Joh 1:51).
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13. 耶和华站在梯子以上，说——为使雅各不至对异象的含义茫然，他听见了神的声音；那宣告神的名，连同圣约的更新，并个人保护的保证，立时在他心中产生最肃穆又最振奋的效果。
英文原文
13. The Lord stood above it, and said--That Jacob might be at no loss to know the purport of the vision, he heard the divine voice; and the announcement of His name, together with a renewal of the covenant, and an assurance of personal protection, produced at once the most solemnizing and inspiriting effect on his mind.
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16. 雅各睡醒——他的言语和行为，都是被肃穆的敬畏、火热的敬虔和活泼的感恩之灵所贯穿之人的言语行为
(Jer 31:36)。
英文原文
16. Jacob awaked out of his sleep--His language and his conduct were alike that of a man whose mind was pervaded by sentiments of solemn awe, of fervent piety, and lively gratitude
(Jer 31:36).
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简体中文
18, 19. 雅各立起一块石头，等——单立这石也许是为了将来作记念，标明该处；这种习俗在东方至今仍普遍，为记念宗教的许愿或承诺。但浇油在其上是分别为圣。因此他给它起一个新名，伯特利，意为“神的殿”
(Ho 12:4)；
当人想到在炎热国家里坐在或靠在石头上作露天居所的常见习俗——这地方的石头“是赤裸岩石的大片，其中有些像德鲁伊纪念碑的石棚一样立着”〔STANLEY〕——便不觉得把石头称为殿是牵强或不自然的事。
英文原文
18, 19. Jacob set up a stone, etc.--The mere setting up of the stone might have been as a future memorial to mark the spot; and this practice is still common in the East, in memory of a religious vow or engagement. But the pouring oil upon it was a consecration. Accordingly he gave it a new name, Beth-el, "the house of God"
(Ho 12:4);
and it will not appear a thing forced or unnatural to call a stone a house, when one considers the common practice in warm countries of sitting in the open air by or on a stone, as are those of this place, "broad sheets of bare rock, some of them standing like the cromlechs of Druidical monuments" [STANLEY].
20
Ge 28:20-22.
简体中文
Ge 28:20-22.
雅各的许愿。
20. 雅各许了一个愿——他的话不应被理解为暗示疑惑，更不是陈述他将自己献给神的条件或条款。若将"若"改为"既然"，这话便显然是雅各信心恰当的表达——证明他确实已抓住了应许。常常默想雅各在伯特利的经历，何等令人得益。
英文原文
Ge 28:20-22.
JACOB'S VOW.
20. Jacob vowed a vow--His words are not to be considered as implying a doubt, far less as stating the condition or terms on which he would dedicate himself to God. Let "if" be changed into "since," and the language will appear a proper expression of Jacob's faith--an evidence of his having truly embraced the promise. How edifying often to meditate on Jacob at Beth-el.
Ge 28:1-19.
雅各的离别。
1. 以撒叫了雅各来，给他祝福——他完全体会利百加的感受，他对儿子离别嘱托的主旨，是要避免与家族中米所波大米这一支以外的人联姻。同时他给他一个庄严的祝福——以前是无意中发出的，如今则是有意且出于真诚之心而发。这祝福说得更明确、更完备，雅各由此被承认是“应许的承继者”。