1
Jud 9:1-6.
简体中文
英文原文
Jud 9:1-6.
ABIMELECH IS MADE KING BY THE SHECHEMITES.
1. Abimelech the son of Jerubbaal went to Shechem--The idolatry which had been stealthily creeping into Israel during the latter years of Gideon was now openly professed; Shechem was wholly inhabited by its adherents; at least, idolaters had the ascendency. Abimelech, one of Gideon's numerous sons, was connected with that place. Ambitious of sovereign power, and having plied successfully the arts of a demagogue with his maternal relatives and friends, he acquired both the influence and money by which he raised himself to a throne.
communed . . . with all the family of the house of his mother's father--Here is a striking instance of the evils of polygamy--one son has connections and interests totally alien to those of his brothers.
2
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简体中文
2. 你们看怎样好，是让耶路巴力众子……还是让一个人管辖你们——这是别有用心的诬控，巧妙设计来挑起嫉妒与恐慌。基甸曾满怀厌恶地拒绝了让自己或家中任何人作王的提议，也没有任何证据表明他的其他儿子觊觎这尊位。
英文原文
2. Whether is better for you, either that all the sons of Jerubbaal, . . . or that one reign over you--a false insinuation, artfully contrived to stir up jealousy and alarm. Gideon had rejected, with abhorrence, the proposal to make himself or any of his family king, and there is no evidence that any of his other sons coveted the title.
4
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简体中文
4. 巴力比利土之庙——可能指庙，也可能指敬拜这偶像的地方；「巴力比利土」即「立约之神」，城邦之间的联盟便是奉其名而立的。
亚比米勒用银子雇了些匪徒跟随他——指游手好闲、无赖之徒，社会的渣滓，他们一无所失，却可从革命的成功中得着许多。
英文原文
4. the house of Baal-berith--either the temple, or the place where this idol was worshipped; Baal-berith, "god of the covenant," by invocation of whom the league of cities was formed.
Abimelech hired vain and light persons, which followed him--idle, worthless vagabonds, the scum of society, who had nothing to lose, but much to gain from the success of a revolutionary movement.
5
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5. 往……俄弗拉去，杀了他的弟兄——即在一块磐石上。这里首次提及东方专制国家以骇人的频率一再发生的残暴罪行——已故君王的一个儿子篡夺王位，并急忙屠尽一切天然或合法的竞争者来巩固自己的王权。亚比米勒在一块磐石上杀了他的弟兄，要么是将他们从一块磐石上摔下，要么是把他们献在一座石坛上，以报其父拆毁巴力坛之仇。后一种说法更有可能，因示剑人
（士9:24）
也参与其事。
七十人——用的是整数，但显然还差两人才能凑足此数。
英文原文
5. went unto . . . Ophrah, and slew his brethren i. e., upon one stone--This is the first mention of a barbarous atrocity which has, with appalling frequency, been perpetrated in the despotic countries of the East--that of one son of the deceased monarch usurping the throne and hastening to confirm himself in the possession by the massacre of all the natural or legitimate competitors. Abimelech slew his brethren on one stone, either by dashing them from one rock, or sacrificing them on one stone altar, in revenge for the demolition of Baal's altar by their father. This latter view is the more probable, from the Shechemites
(Jud 9:24)
aiding in it.
threescore and ten persons--A round number is used, but it is evident that two are wanting to complete that number.
6
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简体中文
6. 示剑众人……和米罗全家——「米罗」即土堆或壁垒之意，所以这话的意思是：那房屋或庙中的一切人，也就是巴力的祭司。
在平原的柱子旁边立亚比米勒为王——更准确说是「在靠近一个高堆的橡树旁」——这样加冕的仪式便能让群众清楚看见。
英文原文
6. all the men of Shechem . . ., and all the house of Millo--that is, a mound or rampart, so that the meaning is, all the men in the house or temple; namely, the priests of Baal.
made Abimelech king, by the plain of the pillar--rather, "by the oak near a raised mound"--so that the ceremony of coronation might be conspicuous to a crowd.
7
Jud 9:7-21.
简体中文
Jud 9:7-21.
约坦用比喻责备他们。
7. 他……站在基利心山顶上喊叫——他所选的地方如同房顶一样，是示剑的公共场所；他所讲的比喻
[士9:8-15]
取材于众树之间的争竞，正与谷中各样的树木相映成趣。东方人极爱比喻，常用以传达那些无法直言的责备。基利心山顶在城后并不算太高，反而更接近平原。他只要稍用一点嗓音，城里的人便能轻易听见；因为山坡正好俯临山谷，人站在山腰或山顶，对山脚下的听众说话毫无困难。近代史也曾记载：山上的兵丁向城里的人呼喊，企图煽动他们造反。东方气候中空气的弹性，使声音的传播异常迅速清晰〔哈克特〕。
英文原文
Jud 9:7-21.
JOTHAM BY A PARABLE REPROACHES THEM.
7. he . . . stood in the top of mount Gerizim and lifted up his voice--The spot he chose was, like the housetops, the public place of Shechem; and the parable
[Jud 9:8-15]
drawn from the rivalry of the various trees was appropriate to the diversified foliage of the valley below. Eastern people are exceedingly fond of parables and use them for conveying reproofs, which they could not give in any other way. The top of Gerizim is not so high in the rear of the town, as it is nearer to the plain. With a little exertion of voice, he could easily have been heard by the people of the city; for the hill so overhangs the valley, that a person from the side or summit would have no difficulty in speaking to listeners at the base. Modern history records a case, in which soldiers on the hill shouted to the people in the city and endeavored to instigate them to an insurrection. There is something about the elastic atmosphere of an Eastern clime which causes it to transmit sound with wonderful celerity and distinctness [HACKETT].
13
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13. 葡萄酒，能使神和人喜乐——当然不是以同样的方式。当献祭蒙悦纳时，可说神因之「喜乐」，正如油也称为荣耀神之物
（士9:9）。
英文原文
13. wine, which cheereth God and man--not certainly in the same manner. God might be said to be "cheered" by it, when the sacrifices were accepted, as He is said also to be honored by oil
(Jud 9:9).
21
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简体中文
21. 约坦……逃到比珥——即今日的以勒比雷村，在俯临耶路撒冷北面视野的山脊上。
英文原文
21. Joatham . . . went to Beer--the modern village El-Bireh, on the ridge which bounds the northern prospect of Jerusalem.
22
Jud 9:22-49.
简体中文
Jud 9:22-49。
迦勒的阴谋。
22. 亚比米勒治理以色列三年——他的治权起初大概不外乎示剑一城；但他借着暗中渐进的蚕食，将邻近一些城也置于自己权下。在以色列中无人能「作王」，除非是叛逆的篡夺；因此亚比米勒的统治，在原文是用一个表示「专制」的词，而不是描述士师那种温和、为神所授权的治理。
英文原文
Jud 9:22-49.
GAAL'S CONSPIRACY.
22. When Abimelech had reigned three years--His reign did not, probably at first, extend beyond Shechem; but by stealthy and progressive encroachments he subjected some of the neighboring towns to his sway. None could "reign" in Israel, except by rebellious usurpation; and hence the reign of Abimelech is expressed in the original by a word signifying "despotism," not that which describes the mild and divinely authorized rule of the judge.
23
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简体中文
23. 神使恶灵降在亚比米勒和示剑人中间——在神的护理中，嫉妒、猜疑、暗中不满与压抑的叛意，在他那些对他暴政失望厌恶的臣民中间显露出来；神任凭这些纷乱，为要惩罚这位弑亲篡位、拜偶像之君所犯的种种罪行。
英文原文
23. Then God sent an evil spirit between Abimelech and the men of Shechem--In the course of providence, jealousy, distrust, secret disaffection, and smothered rebellion appeared among his subjects disappointed and disgusted with his tyranny; and God permitted those disorders to punish the complicated crimes of the royal fratricide and idolatrous usurper.
26
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26. 迦勒……和他的弟兄们来……示剑人都信靠他——终于，以这人为首的原迦南人叛变在示剑爆发了。
英文原文
26. Gaal . . . came with his brethren . . ., and the men of Shechem put their confidence in him--An insurrection of the original Canaanites, headed by this man, at last broke out in Shechem.
28
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28-45. 惟愿这民归我管理——他似乎是个好吹嘘、厚颜、怯懦的人，完全不配在革命的危局中作领袖。结果是：他被诱入埋伏，被击败；示剑城被毁，撒上了盐。百姓逃入堡垒，堡垒被焚，其中所有的人都灭亡了。
英文原文
28-45. would to God this people were under my hand--He seems to have been a boastful, impudent, and cowardly person, totally unfit to be a leader in a revolutionary crisis. The consequence was that he allowed himself to be drawn into an ambush, was defeated, the city of Shechem destroyed and strewn with salt. The people took refuge in the stronghold, which was set on fire, and all in it perished.
50
Jud 9:50-57.
简体中文
Jud 9:50-57。
亚比米勒被杀。
50. 亚比米勒到提备斯，向提备斯安营——即今日的图巴斯——离示剑不远。
英文原文
Jud 9:50-57.
ABIMELECH SLAIN.
50. Then went Abimelech to Thebez, and encamped against Thebez--now Tubas--not far from Shechem.
51
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简体中文
51-53. 众男女……都上了楼顶——迦南人的堡垒一般是山上的据点或城堡，其中常有一座坚固的高塔，作为最后的避难所。亚述的浮雕提供了与这里所描述情景极其生动而精确的对照，简直令人以为是同一历史事件的描绘。被围的城——城中的坚固塔楼——挤在城垛上的男女——用火焚烧城门——甚至守军中一人手中落下的大块石头砸在攻城者头上——这一切都栩栩如生地呈现出来，正如这受默示的真理叙事中所描述的一样〔高斯〕。
英文原文
51-53. all the men and women, . . . gat them up to the top of the tower--The Canaanite forts were generally mountain fastnesses or keeps, and they often had a strong tower which served as a last refuge. The Assyrian bas-reliefs afford counterparts of the scene here described so vivid and exact, that we might almost suppose them to be representations of the same historic events. The besieged city--the strong tower within--the men and women crowding its battlements--the fire applied to the doors, and even the huge fragments of stone dropping from the hands of one of the garrison on the heads of the assailants, are all well represented to the life--just as they are here described in the narrative of inspired truth [GOSS].
Jud 9:1-6.
亚比米勒被示剑人拥立为王。
1. 耶路巴力之子亚比米勒往示剑去——基甸晚年时一直暗中潜入以色列的偶像崇拜，如今已公然宣告；示剑的居民全都是偶像之徒，至少拜偶像者占了上风。基甸众多儿子之一的亚比米勒与那地方有渊源。他觊觎王权，便在母系亲属朋友中成功运用煽动伎俩，得到了使他登上宝座的影响力和金钱。
与……他外祖父全家商议——这里是一个多妻之害的典型例子：一个儿子的关系和利益与他的弟兄们截然不同、互不相干。