1
Nu 4:1-49.
简体中文
英文原文
Nu 4:1-49.
OF THE LEVITES' SERVICE.
2
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简体中文
2, 3. 哥辖子孙，从三十岁直到五十岁——这年龄被特别定为（参
Nu 8:24）
身体精力充沛的成熟期，足以胜任在旷野中所派的繁重职务，也具备协助管理圣事的脑力活动。这也是施洗约翰和基督各自开始其职事的年龄。
直到五十岁——实际服役的期限为二十年，期满之后便免除职务上的体力劳作，但仍要在帐幕中伺候
(Nu 8:26)。
凡被数的人在营里办事的——如此称呼，是因其人数众多、各等级间所维持的秩序与纪律，以及他们作为帐幕守卫的特殊职责。然而该希伯来文词也含有职位或职分之意；故此段亦可译作“凡进入祭司职分的”
(Nu 4:23)。
英文原文
2, 3. sons of Kohath, from thirty years old and upward--This age was specifically fixed (see on
Nu 8:24)
as the full maturity of bodily energy to perform the laborious duties assigned them in the wilderness, as well as of mental activity to assist in the management of the sacred services. And it was the period of life at which John the Baptist and Christ entered on their respective ministries.
even unto fifty--The term prescribed for active duty was a period of twenty years, at the end of which they were exempted from the physical labors of the office, though still expected to attend in the tabernacle
(Nu 8:26).
all that enter into the host--so called from their number, the order and discipline maintained through their ranks, and their special duty as guards of the tabernacle. The Hebrew word, however, signifies also a station or office; and hence the passage may be rendered, "All that enter into the sacerdotal office"
(Nu 4:23).
4
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简体中文
4-15. 哥辖子孙所办的事乃是这样等——他们最先被提到，因他们与亚伦关系密切；在他们受托照管帐幕的珍贵物件这一点上，以色列行程中派给他们的特别职务部门与此相符。但这些物件须先由普通祭司遮盖——这些普通祭司和大祭司一样，在如此必要的场合可进入圣所。这是对一般通则的例外，因通常规定除大祭司外任何人不得进入。但当云彩从帐幕收上去时，普通祭司可以进入圣所，因为收拾圣器具的特权专属于他们；直到圣物如此预备好可供搬运之后，哥辖人才被允许近前。
英文原文
4-15. This shall be the service of the sons of Kohath, &c.--They are mentioned first, from their close connection with Aaron; and the special department of duty assigned to them during the journeyings of Israel accorded with the charge they had received of the precious contents of the tabernacle. But these were to be previously covered by the common priests, who, as well as the high priest, were admitted on such necessary occasions into the holy place. This was an exception to the general rule, which prohibited the entrance of any but the high priest. But when the cloud removed from the tabernacle, the sanctuary might be entered by the common priests, as to them was reserved the exclusive privilege of packing the sacred utensils; and it was not till the holy things were thus ready for carriage, that the Kohathites were allowed to approach.
5
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简体中文
5. 掩蔽的幔子——即内幔，将圣所与至圣所隔开。 （参
Ex 36:35）。
英文原文
5. covering veil--the inner veil, which separated the holy from the most holy place. (See on
Ex 36:35).
6
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简体中文
6. 海狗皮遮盖——（参
Ex 25:5）。
然而此处所指的遮盖并非帐幕的遮盖，而是专为保护约柜而特制的一层。
穿上杠——这些金杠如今被取了出来。（参
Ex 25:15，
与
1Ki 8:8 对照）。
译作“穿”的希伯来文词也含有“安排”之意，此处大概是指将杠穿过为承接它们而在遮盖上所开的孔洞，以保护杠免受搬运者触及，也免受天气影响。值得注意的是，这些遮盖并非帆布或粗陋的油布，而是兼具美观与庄重的一种。
英文原文
6. covering of badgers' skins--(See on
Ex 25:5).
The covering, however, referred to was not that of the tabernacle, but one made for the special purpose of protecting the ark.
put in the staves--These golden staves were now taken out. (See on
Ex 25:15,
compared with
1Ki 8:8).
The Hebrew word rendered "put in," signifies also "dispose," and probably refers here to their insertion through the openings in the coverings made for receiving them, to preserve them from the touch of the carriers as well as from the influence of the weather. It is worthy of notice that the coverings did not consist of canvas or coarse tarpaulin, but of a kind which united beauty with decency.
7
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7. 常设的陈设饼——虽然百姓在旷野以吗哪为食，圣所的饼却始终用谷物制作，这谷物大概是从旷野中零星的青翠小块地上少量种植而得。
英文原文
7. continual showbread--Though the people were in the wilderness fed upon manna, the sacred loaves were constantly made of corn, which was probably raised in small quantities from the verdant patches of the desert.
10
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简体中文
10. 一根杠——或作抬架，由两根杆子以两根横木固定而成，由两人肩扛，如同轿子一般。
英文原文
10. a bar--or bier, formed of two poles fastened by two cross pieces and borne by two men, after the fashion of a sedan chair.
12
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12. 事奉用的一切器具——即祭司的职任礼服
(Ex 31:10)。
英文原文
12. instruments of ministry--the official dress of the priests
(Ex 31:10).
13
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简体中文
13. 要收起坛上的灰等——从坛上收灰的必要性，清楚地暗示旷野中也有献祭之事（参
Ex 18:12; 24:4），
尽管那悖逆的世代似乎常常疏忽这当尽之责
(Am 5:25)。
经文未提到圣火；但因按神的命令，圣火当持续不灭，它必定被转移到遮盖之下的某种盘子或火盆中，由指定的搬运者扛抬。
英文原文
13. shall take away the ashes from the altar, &c.--The necessity of removing ashes from the altar plainly implies that sacrifices were offered in the wilderness (compare
Ex 18:12; 24:4),
though that rebellious race seems frequently to have neglected the duty
(Am 5:25).
No mention is made of the sacred fire; but as, by divine command, it was to be kept constantly burning, it must have been transferred to some pan or brazier under the covering, and borne by the appointed carriers.
15
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15. 哥辖的子孙要来抬，只是他们不可摸圣物，免得死亡——搬运的方式是放在利未人的肩上（参
Nu 7:9），
虽然日后也用了有轮的车
(2Sa 6:3; 1Ch 15:12)。
可以触摸遮盖物，却不可触摸被遮盖之物，违者处死——这刑罚不止一次地执行过
(1Sa 6:19; 2Sa 6:6, 7)。
这严厉的宣告，旨在使那些在职务上接触圣物的人心中存有深切而恒常的敬畏之情。
英文原文
15. the sons of Kohath shall come to bear it, but they shall not touch any holy thing, lest they die--The mode of transport was upon the shoulders of the Levites (see on
Nu 7:9),
although afterwards wheeled vehicles were employed
(2Sa 6:3; 1Ch 15:12).
And it was allowed to touch the covering, but not the things covered, on the penalty of death, which was inflicted more than once
(1Sa 6:19; 2Sa 6:6, 7).
This stern denunciation was designed to inspire a sentiment of deep and habitual reverence in the minds of those who were officially engaged about holy things.
16
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16. 以利亚撒的职任……灯油、香料等——他被委以特别职责，监督那负责搬运圣器具的一队人；此外，每日事奉所需用的材料也交由他亲自照管，他必须易于取用
(Ex 29:38)。
英文原文
16. to the office of Eleazar . . . pertaineth the oil for the light, and the sweet incense, &c.--He was charged with the special duty of superintending the squadron who were employed in the carrying of the sacred furniture; besides, to his personal care were committed the materials requisite for the daily service, and which it was necessary he should have easily at his command
(Ex 29:38).
17
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17-20. 你们不可将哥辖人的宗族从利未人中剪除等——这是对摩西和亚伦的庄严告诫，要他们当心，免得因自己的疏忽使混乱和不当之举混入其中；并要极其谨慎地将这重要事奉的各部分分派给适当的人，免得哥辖人因之而失去履行其崇高而尊荣之职的资格。若监督的祭司未给予恰当的指示，或容许对圣物有任何不敬的随意接触，便要承担致其死亡的罪责。
英文原文
17-20. Cut ye not off the tribe of the families of the Kohathites from among the Levites, &c.--a solemn admonition to Moses and Aaron to beware, lest, by any negligence on their part, disorder and improprieties should creep in, and to take the greatest care that all the parts of this important service be apportioned to the proper parties, lest the Kohathites should be disqualified for their high and honorable duties. The guilt of their death would be incurred by the superintending priest, if he failed to give proper directions or allowed any irreverent familiarity with sacred things.
24
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*24-28. 革顺子孙各族的工作就是这样，*等等——他们被指派搬运"会幕的幔子"——即帐棚的山羊皮盖布——那十幅精美的幔子和入口处的绣花帷子，以及其红色海狗皮罩子等等。
英文原文
24-28. This is the service of the families of the Gershonites, &c.--They were appointed to carry "the curtains of the tabernacle"--that is, the goats' hair covering of the tent--the ten curious curtains and embroidered hangings at the entrance, with their red morocco covering, &c.
28
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*28. 他们所当看守的，要在亚伦儿子以他哈的手下，*等等——利未人办理会幕日常事务，通常都受祭司的正式指挥。但在行程中，接续父亲的以利亚撒特别负责看管哥辖人
[民 4:16]，
而他的兄弟以他哈则监管革顺人和米拉利人
[民 4:33]。
英文原文
28. their charge shall be under the hand of Ithamar the son of Aaron, &c.--The Levites were generally subject to the official command of the priests in doing the ordinary work of the tabernacle. But during the journeyings Eleazar, who was next in succession to his father, took the special charge of the Kohathites
[Nu 4:16],
while his brother Ithamar had the superintendence of the Gershonites and Merarites
[Nu 4:33].
29
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29-33. 至于米拉利的子孙——他们搬运较粗笨沉重的器具；然而这些器具如此重要且必需，以至于都要逐一登记——不仅因为它们数目繁多、种类各异，也因为它们较为平凡细小，可能因不小心、疏忽或怠忽而遗失。这是一个有益的教训，表明神不轻忽任何与事奉祂有关的事，即便在最微小、最琐碎的事上，祂也要求忠心顺服的本分。
英文原文
29-33. As for the sons of Merari--They carried the coarser and heavier appurtenances, which, however, were so important and necessary, that an inventory was kept of them--not only on account of their number and variety, but of their comparative commonness and smallness, which might have led to their being lost or missing through carelessness, inadvertency, or neglect. It was a useful lesson, showing that God disregards nothing pertaining to His service, and that even in the least and most trivial matters, He requires the duty of faithful obedience.
34
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*34-49. 摩西、亚伦与会众的族长数点哥辖子孙，*等等——这次数点与前一章所记的原则不同
[民 3:15]。
那次只数一个月以外的男子，而这次扩展到利未支派三组中一切能办事的人。比较他们彼此的人数，可见神护理的智慧：哥辖人和革顺人所抬的物件少而轻，所以只有约三分之一的人能任职；米拉利人所抬的物件多而重，却有半数以上的人能作这工[普尔]。本支派人数之少，远逊于其他支派，其原由可参看（民 3:39 的注释）。
英文原文
34-49. Moses and Aaron and the chief of the congregation numbered the sons of the Kohathites, &c.--This enumeration was made on a different principle from that which is recorded in the preceding chapter
[Nu 3:15].
That was confined to the males from a month old and upward, while this was extended to all capable of service in the three classes of the Levitical tribe. In considering their relative numbers, the wisdom of Divine Providence appears in arranging that, whereas in the Kohathites and Gershonites, whose burdens were few and easier, there were but about a third part of them which were fit for service; the Merarites, whose burdens were more and heavier, had above one half of them fit for this work [POOLE]. The small population of this tribe, so inferior to that of the other tribes, is attempted to be explained (see on
Nu 3:39).
Nu 4:1-49.
论利未人的 职事。