1
Ps 78:1-72.
简体中文
英文原文
Ps 78:1-72.
This Psalm appears to have been occasioned by the removal of the sanctuary from Shiloh in the tribe of Ephraim to Zion in the tribe of Judah, and the coincident transfer of pre-eminence in Israel from the former to the latter tribe, as clearly evinced by David's settlement as the head of the Church and nation. Though this was the execution of God's purpose, the writer here shows that it also proceeded from the divine judgment on Ephraim, under whose leadership the people had manifested the same sinful and rebellious character which had distinguished their ancestors in Egypt.
1. my people . . . my law--the language of a religious teacher
(Ps 78:2; La 3:14; Ro 2:16, 27;
compare
Ps 49:4).
The history which follows was a "dark saying," or riddle, if left unexplained, and its right apprehension required wisdom and attention.
3
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3-8. 这历史曾传下
（Ex 12:14; De 6:20）， 为着神的荣耀，也使他的律法原则为后裔所知、所守。这重要的情思以否定形式重申于
（Ps 78:7, 8）。
英文原文
3-8. This history had been handed down
(Ex 12:14; De 6:20)
for God's honor, and that the principles of His law might be known and observed by posterity. This important sentiment is reiterated in
(Ps 78:7, 8)
negative form.
5
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5. 法度——
（Ps 19:7）。
英文原文
5. testimony--
(Ps 19:7).
8
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8. 顽梗悖逆——
(De 21:18)。
心……不坚定——于神的事奉
(2Ch 12:14)。
英文原文
8. stubborn and rebellious--
(De 21:18).
set not their heart--on God's service
(2Ch 12:14).
9
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9-11. 原属约瑟的长子名分
(1Ch 5:1, 2)
由雅各归给以法莲
(Ge 48:1)。
由此所表明的支派至高地位，可由其地位（在往迦南的行军中紧邻约柜
Nu 2:18-24）、由在示罗（在其境内）首次为约柜选定永久安置之处、以及所赐广大的省分为业，都得到确认。在罗波安治下的分裂之后，这种显赫地位仍有痕迹——后来的作者用以法莲代指以色列（比较
Ho 5:3-14; 11:3-12)。
以法莲虽是强盛、装备精良的支派，并从早期便争竞骄傲（比较
Jos 17:14; Jud 8:1-3; 2Sa 19:41)， 在本处却显示它与其说是带头勇敢，不如说是带头怯懦；它招致神的不悦，因为对神的应许缺乏信心——虽然从前常常应验——作为领袖未能履行约中的条款，没有赶出迦南人
(Ex 23:24; De 31:16; 2Ki 17:15)。
英文原文
9-11. The privileges of the first-born which belonged to Joseph
(1Ch 5:1, 2)
were assigned to Ephraim by Jacob
(Ge 48:1).
The supremacy of the tribe thus intimated was recognized by its position (in the marching of the nation to Canaan) next to the ark
(Nu 2:18-24),
by the selection of the first permanent locality for the ark within its borders at Shiloh, and by the extensive and fertile province given for its possession. Traces of this prominence remained after the schism under Rehoboam, in the use, by later writers, of Ephraim for Israel (compare
Ho 5:3-14; 11:3-12).
Though a strong, well-armed tribe, and, from an early period, emulous and haughty (compare
Jos 17:14; Jud 8:1-3; 2Sa 19:41),
it appears, in this place, that it had rather led the rest in cowardice than courage; and had incurred God's displeasure, because, diffident of His promise, though often heretofore fulfilled, it had failed as a leader to carry out the terms of the covenant, by not driving out the heathen
(Ex 23:24; De 31:16; 2Ki 17:15).
12
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12-14. 现在记录神的作为和百姓的罪。作者从出埃及记到从加低斯退却为止的历史；然后将他们的罪与他们信靠的理由相对照——借着详述神在埃及的作为；最后概述其后直到大卫时代的历史。
琐安——代表埃及，因为它是其古都
(Nu 13:22; Isa 19:11)。
英文原文
12-14. A record of God's dealings and the sins of the people is now made. The writer gives the history from the exode to the retreat from Kadesh; then contrasts their sins with their reasons for confidence, shown by a detail of God's dealings in Egypt, and presents a summary of the subsequent history to David's time.
Zoan--for Egypt, as its ancient capital
(Nu 13:22; Isa 19:11).
15
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15, 16. 有两个相似的神迹
(Ex 17:6; Nu 20:11)。
深渊——和——江河——表示丰盛。
英文原文
15, 16. There were two similar miracles
(Ex 17:6; Nu 20:11).
great depths--and--rivers--denote abundance.
17
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17-20. 还多——按字面作「加添于罪」，而非被引导悔改
(Ro 2:4)。
英文原文
17-20. yet more--literally, "added to sin," instead of being led to repentance
(Ro 2:4).
18
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18. 在心里——
(Mt 15:19)。
为他们的贪欲——按字面作「灵魂」，或作「欲望」。
惹动——和——试探——借他们荒谬的疑惑说明，
英文原文
18. in their heart--
(Mt 15:19).
for their lust--literally, "soul," or, "desire."
provoking--and--tempted--illustrated by their absurd doubts,
19
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19, 20. 在他所承认的大能面前。
英文原文
19, 20. in the face of His admitted power.
21
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21. 火——「怒气」的效
(Nu 11:1)。
英文原文
21. fire--the effect of the "anger"
(Nu 11:1).
22
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22. （比较
Heb 8:8, 9)。
英文原文
22. (Compare
Heb 8:8, 9).
23
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23-29. （比较
Ex 16:11-15; Nu 11:4-9)。
英文原文
23-29. (Compare
Ex 16:11-15; Nu 11:4-9).
25
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25. 天使的粮食——按字面作「大能者的饼」（比较
Ps 105:40)； 如此称呼，因它从天而降。
粮食——按字面作「途中的食物」。
英文原文
25. angels' food--literally, "bread of the mighty" (compare
Ps 105:40);
so called, as it came from heaven.
meat--literally, "victuals," as for a journey.
29
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29. 他们……所欲的——他们所渴想的。
英文原文
29. their . . . desire--what they longed for.
30
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30, 31. 没有割断……贪欲——或作「欲望」——即仍在放纵。
英文原文
30, 31. not estranged . . . lust--or, "desire"--that is, were indulging it.
31
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31. 杀了……肥胖的——或作「在肥胖的人中」；他们中的一些——
所选的——年轻力壮的
(Isa 40:31)， 故无人能抗拒。
英文原文
31. slew . . . fattest--or, "among the fattest"; some of them--
chosen--the young and strong
(Isa 40:31),
and so none could resist.
33
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33-39. 虽然在受刑之后有局部的改革，神也出于怜悯暂时收回他的手，但他们总体的行为是悖逆的，因此他惹动怒气，借旷野中长久无效的飘流来浪费毁灭他们。
英文原文
33-39. Though there were partial reformations after chastisement, and God, in pity, withdrew His hand for a time, yet their general conduct was rebellious, and He was thus provoked to waste and destroy them, by long and fruitless wandering in the desert.
36
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36. 嘴唇……说谎——一种虚假的顺服
(Ps 18:44)。
英文原文
36. lied . . . tongues--a feigned obedience
(Ps 18:44).
37
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37. 心……不坚定——或作「坚固」（比较
Ps 78:8; Ps 51:10)。
英文原文
37. heart . . . not right--or, "firm" (compare
Ps 78:8; Ps 51:10).
39
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39. 一阵风……归回——按字面作「一口气」，稀薄的空气（比较
Ps 103:16; Jas 4:14)。
英文原文
39. a wind . . . again--literally, "a breath," thin air (compare
Ps 103:16; Jas 4:14).
40
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40, 41. 有十次试探
(Nu 14:22)。
英文原文
40, 41. There were ten temptations
(Nu 14:22).
41
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41. 惹动——如
Ps 78:19, 20。
虽然有人偏好译作「伤」或「惹」。从加低斯的退却
(De 1:19-23)
所指，无论——
退去——是转身回头，还是指重复犯罪。
英文原文
41. limited--as in
Ps 78:19, 20.
Though some prefer "grieved" or "provoked." The retreat from Kadesh
(De 1:19-23)
is meant, whether--
turned--be for turning back, or to denote repetition of offense.
43
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43. 行——即陈明或显出。
英文原文
43. wrought--set or held forth.
45
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45. 犬蝇或蚊。
英文原文
45. The dog-fly or the mosquito.
46
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46. 蝻子——希伯来名，源自其贪婪，以及——
蝗虫——源自其众多。
英文原文
46. caterpillar--the Hebrew name, from its voracity, and that of--
locust--from its multitude.
47
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47, 48. 此处所提风暴进一步的效果（比较
Ex 9:23-34)—— 与摩西的记载相符。
英文原文
47, 48. The additional effects of the storm here mentioned (compare
Ex 9:23-34)
are consistent with Moses' account.
48
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48. 交给……牲畜——按字面作「关锁」（比较
Ps 31:8)。
英文原文
48. gave . . . cattle--literally, "shut up" (compare
Ps 31:8).
49
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49. 恶使者——或作「灾祸的使者」——也许有多位被差用，并有别的灾祸降下。
英文原文
49. evil angels--or, "angels of evil"--many were perhaps employed, and other evils inflicted.
50
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50, 51. 开路——挪去障碍，给它完全的余地。
英文原文
50, 51. made a way--removed obstacles, gave it full scope.
51
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51. 他们力量之首——按字面作「初熟的果子」，或「头生的」
(Ge 49:3; De 21:17)。
含——他的一个儿子把名字给了埃及（希伯来Mizraim）。
英文原文
51. chief of their strength--literally, "first-fruits," or, "first-born"
(Ge 49:3; De 21:17).
Ham--one of whose sons gave name (Mizraim, Hebrew) to Egypt.
52
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52-54. 引导……出来——或作借定期的旅程带他们出来（比较
Ex 15:1)。
英文原文
52-54. made his . . . forth--or, brought them by periodical journeys (compare
Ex 15:1).
54
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54. 他圣所的边界——或作「圣边界」——即那区域——
这山——（锡安）作为民政和宗教的中心，是代表，用于全地，后来用于教会
(Isa 25:6, 7)。
买——或作「以他右手或能力取得」
(Ps 60:5)。
英文原文
54. border of his sanctuary--or, "holy border"--i. e., region of which--
this mountain--(Zion) was, as the seat of civil and religious government, the representative, used for the whole land, as afterwards for the Church
(Isa 25:6, 7).
purchased--or, "procured by His right hand" or power
(Ps 60:5).
55
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55. 准绳——或作如此量出的分。
分给他们——即外邦人，代指他们的地业，照样帐棚——即外邦人的（比较
De 6:11)。
英文原文
55. by line--or, the portion thus measured.
divided them--that is, the heathen, put for their possessions, so tents--that is, of the heathen (compare
De 6:11).
56
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56, 57. 诡诈的弓——回头，因而不能射出箭
(2Sa 1:22; Ho 7:16)。
他们退后了。
英文原文
56, 57. a deceitful bow--which turns back, and so fails to project the arrow
(2Sa 1:22; Ho 7:16).
They relapsed.
58
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58. 偶像崇拜是因宽容外邦人而起的（比较
Ps 78:9-11)。
英文原文
58. Idolatry resulted from sparing the heathen (compare
Ps 78:9-11).
59
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59, 60. 听见——察觉
(Ge 11:7)。
极其憎恶——但不全然。
英文原文
59, 60. heard--perceived
(Ge 11:7).
abhorred--but not utterly.
60
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60. 帐幕……安置——字面意为"使之居住"，设立
（书18:1）。
英文原文
60. tent . . . placed--literally, "caused to dwell," set up
(Jos 18:1).
61
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61. 他的能力——指约柜，作为其能力的象征
（诗96:6）。
英文原文
61. his strength--the ark, as symbolical of it
(Ps 96:6).
62
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62. 交予——或作"关闭"。
他的百姓——
（诗78:48； 撒上4:10-17）。
英文原文
62. gave--or, "shut up."
his people--
(Ps 78:48; 1Sa 4:10-17).
63
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63. 火——或是屠杀的比喻
（撒上4:10），
或是外邦人实际的焚烧。
婚嫁——字面意为"被称赞的"，即作为新妇。
英文原文
63. fire--either figure of the slaughter
(1Sa 4:10),
or a literal burning by the heathen.
given to marriage--literally, "praised"--that is, as brides.
64
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64. （参
撒上4:17）；
无疑还有其他人。
没有举哀——或因悲痛过度而麻木，或因被仇敌所阻拦。
英文原文
64. (Compare
1Sa 4:17);
and there were, doubtless, others.
made no lamentation--either because stupefied by grief, or hindered by the enemy.
65
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65. （参
诗22:16； 赛42:13）。
英文原文
65. (Compare
Ps 22:16; Isa 42:13).
66
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66. 他击打……之上——或作"击打他仇敌的背"。非利士人被大卫击败之后，再未能恢复其原有地位。
英文原文
66. And he smote . . . part--or, "struck His enemies' back." The Philistines never regained their position after their defeats by David.
67
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67、68. 约瑟的帐幕——或作"家"，或作"支派"，与之并行的——
以法莲支派——（参
启7:8）。
其卓越地位，正如扫罗的一样，只是暂蒙许可。犹大才是神所选立的
（创49:10）。
英文原文
67, 68. tabernacle of Joseph--or, "home," or, "tribe," to which--
tribe of Ephraim--is parallel (compare
Re 7:8).
Its pre-eminence was, like Saul's, only permitted. Judah had been the choice
(Ge 49:10).
69
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69. 被高举如——
高天——或作"诸山"，而长存如——大地。
英文原文
69. Exalted as--
high palaces--or, "mountains," and abiding as--the earth.
70
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70-72. 神的主权在此拣选上得以彰显。其中的对比极为鲜明——卑微与高举——而其间的呼应也十分美好。
英文原文
70-72. God's sovereignty was illustrated in this choice. The contrast is striking--humility and exaltation--and the correspondence is beautiful.
71
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71. 跟随……母羊等——字面意为"哺乳的母羊"（参
赛40:11）。
关于牧养的用语，可参
诗79:13。
英文原文
71. following . . . ewes, &c.--literally, "ewes giving suck" (compare
Isa 40:11).
On the pastoral terms, compare
Ps 79:13.
Ps 78:1-72.
本诗的写作背景，似乎是由于圣所从以法莲支派的示罗迁至犹大支派的锡安，与此同时以色列的卓越地位也从前者转移到后者——正如大卫就任教会与国家之首所清楚表明的。尽管这是神旨意的成就，但作者在此表明，这也是神对以法莲的审判——在该支派的带领下，百姓显出了与他们在埃及的列祖一样的犯罪、悖逆的品性。
1. 我的民……我的律法（my people . . . my law）——这是宗教教师的用语（Ps 78:2；La 3:14；Ro 2:16, 27；参
Ps 49:4）。
以下的历史若不加解说，便是一个“深奥的谜语”；要正确领会，需要智慧与留心。