Matthew Henry's Complete Commentary
Matthew Henry · 1714
Matthew Henry 사후(1714) 공개 도메인. 디지털판 CC0-1.0.
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Jamieson-Fausset-Brown Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible
Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset, David Brown · 1871
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871). CCEL expanded electronic edition states it is in the public domain.
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Barnes' Notes on the Bible
Albert Barnes · 1834
Albert Barnes' Notes on Revelation Of St. John The Divine (New Testament, English original, public domain). Sourced from the Christian Classics Ethereal Library (CCEL). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/barnes.
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Adam Clarke's Commentary and Critical Notes on the Bible
Adam Clarke · 1831
Public domain English commentary by Adam Clarke, normalized from Wikisource book pages for scripture.how. Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/clarke.
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John Gill's Exposition of the Bible
John Gill · 1763
John Gill(1697-1771), Exposition of the Old and New Testament(1746-1763). Public domain. Retrieval mirror: biblehub.com/commentaries/gill.
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Calvin's Commentaries
John Calvin · 1850
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Matthew Poole's Annotations upon the Holy Bible
Matthew Poole · 1685
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The Pulpit Commentary
ed. H.D.M. Spence & Joseph S. Exell · 1890
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Keil & Delitzsch Commentary on the Old Testament
Carl F. Keil, Franz Delitzsch · 1866
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Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers
ed. Charles J. Ellicott · 1878
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Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges
Cambridge (다저자) · 1900
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Vincent's Word Studies in the New Testament
Marvin R. Vincent · 1887
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Word Pictures in the New Testament
A.T. Robertson · 1933
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The Expositor's Greek Testament
ed. W. Robertson Nicoll (다저자) · 1910
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Meyer's Critical and Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament
Heinrich A.W. Meyer · 1880
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Wesley's Explanatory Notes
John Wesley · 1755
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Benson's Commentary of the Old and New Testaments
Joseph Benson · 1815
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The Treasury of David
Charles H. Spurgeon · 1885
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MacLaren's Expositions of Holy Scripture
Alexander Maclaren · 1910
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The People's New Testament
B.W. Johnson · 1891
평이 절별 신약 해설 (일반신자·모바일)
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Coke's Commentary on the Holy Bible
Thomas Coke · 1803
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Trapp's Complete Commentary
John Trapp · 1660
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Hodge's Commentary on the New Testament
Charles Hodge · 1860
프린스턴 조직신학 관점 신약 정밀 주석 (롬·고전후·엡)
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Jacob, about to die, calls his sons together that he may bless them, or give prophetic declarations concerning their posterity, Genesis 49:1, Genesis 49:2. Prophetic declaration concerning Reuben, Genesis 49:3, Genesis 49:4. Concerning Simeon and Levi, Genesis 49:5-7; concerning Judah, Genesis 49:8-12; concerning Zebulun, Genesis 49:13; concerning Issachar, Genesis 49:14, Genesis 49:15; concerning Dan, Genesis 49:16-18; concerning Gad, Genesis 49:19; concerning Asher, Genesis 49:20; concerning Naphtali, Genesis 49:21; concerning Joseph, Genesis 49:22-26; concerning Benjamin, Genesis 49:27. Summary concerning the twelve tribes, Genesis 49:28. Jacob gives directions concerning his being buried in the cave of Machpelah, Genesis 49:29-32. Jacob dies, Genesis 49:33.
Genesis gen 49:0 INTRODUCTION TO GENESIS 49 This chapter contains a prophecy of future things, relating to the twelve sons of Jacob, and to the twelve tribes, as descending from them, and which he delivered to his sons on his death bed, having called them together for that purpose, Gen 49:1, he begins with Reuben his firstborn, whose incest he takes notice of, on which account he should not excel, Gen 49:3, next Simeon and Levi have a curse denounced on them for their cruelty at Shechem, Gen 49:5, but Judah is praised, and good things prophesied of him; and particularly that Shiloh, or the Messiah, should spring from him, the time of whose coming is pointed at, Gen 49:7, the predictions concerning Zebulun, Issachar, and Dan, follow, at the close of which Jacob expresses his longing expectation of God's salvation, Gen 49:13 and after foretelling what should befall Gad, Asher, and Naphtali, Gen 49:19, a large account is given of Joseph, his troubles, his trials, and his blessings, Gen 49:22, and Benjamin the youngest son is taken notice of last of all, all the tribes being blessed in their order according to the nature of their blessing, Gen 49:27, and the chapter is closed with a charge of Jacob's to his sons to bury him in Canaan, which having delivered, he died, Gen 49:29.
Ch. 49 The Blessing of Jacob. The Death of Jacob
The chapter falls into two divisions:
1–27 (J). The blessing of Jacob, pronounced upon his twelve sons; derived, probably, from a very early source previous to J and E, and incorporated in J’s narrative.
28–33 (P). The death of Jacob.
Ge 49:1-33.
先祖的祝福。
1. 雅各叫了他的兒子們來——本章所引人注意的，与其说是这位临终圣徒的话，不如说是受默示先知的話。他在聖靈直接的感動之下，說出他預言性的祝福，並描述了他們各支派後裔在末世，即未來時代的光景。
雅各把他的兒子們都召了來——這是藉著使者前往他們各自的住處和牧場，把他們召集到他面前而成的。「他就說。」這話引出他臨終的訓言。「你們都聚集在一起。」雖然要對每個人各別說話，卻要在其餘所有人聽得見的場合中進行，為要教導全家。「你們日後所必遇的事。」末後的日子，是指說話者與人類終局之間的各個時代。人類的起頭在最後一次創造的第六日。人類的終局，則在那時蒙召存在的天地廢去、以及我們所知隨之而來的新創造之時。預言一般而言就是指向這段間隔，雖然它有時也穿透那隔開現在與未來創造的帷幔，望得更遠。
先知的心中滿了現今與過去的對象和事件，他必須從其中汲取未來的意象，並以他那時代通行的言語來表達。因此，要解釋他的話，我們必須回到他的時代，考察他對言語的用法，分辨真理可能披上的短暫形式，並緊握那屬於一切時代的、不變的本質。「雅各的兒子們哪，你們要聽；要側耳聽你們的父親以色列。」這是綜合性或同義性對仗的一個範例。它正好說明了雅各與以色列二名的相等，同時也說明了二者之間的分別。兩者都指同一個人，以及他所為元首的那一族；一個指向天然的，另一個指向屬靈的。這分別類乎以羅欣（Elohim）與耶和華（Yahweh）之間的分別：前者指那在一切創造以先的永恆之神，因此與整個宇宙同等相關；後者指那在理性受造物被造之後，作為道德的統治者、守約的那位、並履行應許的那位，而與他們特別相關的自有永有之神。
That which shall befall you in the last days - It is evident from this, and indeed from the whole complexion of these important prophecies, that the twelve sons of Jacob had very little concern in them, personally considered, as they were to be fulfilled in the last days, i. e., in times remote from that period, and consequently to their posterity, and not to themselves, or to their immediate families. The whole of these prophetic declarations, from Genesis 49:2-27 inclusive, is delivered in strongly figurative language, and in the poetic form, which, in every translation, should be preserved as nearly as possible, rendering the version line for line with the original. This order I shall pursue in the succeeding notes, always proposing the verse first, in as literal a translation as possible, line for line with the Hebrew after the hemistich form, from which the sense will more readily appear; but to the Hebrew text and the common version the reader is ultimately referred.
- Come together and hear, O sons of Jacob! And hearken unto Israel your father.
Bishop Newton has justly observed that Jacob had received a double blessing, spiritual and temporal; the promise of being progenitor of the Messiah, and the promise of the land of Canaan. The promised land he might divide among his children as he pleased, but the other must be confined to one of his sons; he therefore assigns to each son a portion in the land of Canaan, but limits the descent of the blessed seed to the tribe of Judah. Some have put themselves to a great deal of trouble and learned labor to show that it was a general opinion of the ancients that the soul, a short time previous to its departure from the body, becomes endued with a certain measure of the prophetic gift or foresight; and that this was probably the case with Jacob. But it would be derogatory to the dignity of the prophecies delivered in this chapter, to suppose that they came by any other means than direct inspiration, as to their main matter, though certain circumstances appear to be left to the patriarch himself, in which he might express his own feelings both as a father and as a judge. This is strikingly evident, 1. In the case of Reuben, from whom he had received the grossest insult, however the passage relative to him may be understood; and, 2. In the case of Joseph, the tenderly beloved son of his most beloved wife Rachel, in the prophecy concerning whom he gives full vent to all those tender and affectionate emotions which, as a father and a husband, do him endless credit.
-
Reuben, my first-born art thou! My might, and the prime of my strength, Excelling in eminence, and excelling in power:
-
Pouring out like the waters: - thou shalt not excel, For thou wentest up to the bed of thy father, - Then thou didst defile: to my couch he went up!
And Jacob called upon his sons,.... Who either were near at hand, and within call at the time Joseph came to visit him, or if at a distance, and at another time, he sent a messenger or messengers to them to come unto him: and said, gather yourselves together; his will was, that they should attend him all together at the same time, that he might deliver what he had to say to them in the hearing of them all; for what he after declares was not said to them singly and alone, but when they were all before him: that I may tell you that which shall befall you in the last days; not their persons merely, but their posterity chiefly, from that time forward to the coming of the Messiah, who is spoken of in this prophecy, and the time of his coming; some things are said relating to temporals, others to spirituals; some are blessings or prophecies of good things to them, others curses, or foretell evil, but all are predictions delivered out by Jacob under a spirit of prophecy; some things had their accomplishment when the tribes of Israel were placed in the land of Canaan, others in the times of the judges, and in later times; and some in the times of the Messiah, to which this prophecy reaches, whose coming was in the last days, Heb 1:1 and Nachmanides says, according to the sense of all their writers, the last days here are the days of the Messiah; and in an ancient writing of the Jews it is said (x), that Jacob called his sons, because he had a mind to reveal the end of the Messiah, i.e. the time of his coming; and Abraham Seba (y) observes, that this section is the seal and key of the whole law, and of all the prophets prophesied of, unto the days of the Messiah. (x) Zohar in Gen. fol. 126. 1. (y) Tzeror Hammor, fol. 57. 4. & 58. 1.
本章是一段預言；我們迄今所見與之最相近的，是挪亞的預言（創 9:25-27 等）。雅各在此臥病在床，正在立他的遺囑。他一直拖延到此刻，因為將死之人的話往往能留下深刻的印象，並長久被人記念：他在這裏所說的，並非隨己意而說，而是當聖靈賜他口才時才說出來——聖靈揀選了這個時刻，好叫屬天的能力在他的軟弱中得以完全。雅各的十二個兒子在他們的時代都是聞名的人物，但由他們而出、並因其得名的以色列十二支派更為著名；我們在新耶路撒冷的城門上看見他們的名字（啟 21:12）。他們垂死的父親在遠見之中，對每一個兒子，或對那承受其名的支派，都說了值得記念的話。內容如下：一、序言（創 49:1,2）。二、論各支派的預言（創 49:3-28）。三、關於他安葬之事的重複囑咐（創 49:29-32）。四、他的死（創 49:33）。