1
Exodus 11:1
简体中文
英文原文
The Lord said - Or "the Lord had said." The first three verses of this chapter are parenthetical. Before Moses relates the last warning given to Pharaoh, he feels it right to recall to his readers' minds the revelation and command which had been previously given to him by the Lord.
When he shall let you go ... - When at last he lets you depart with children, flocks, herds, and all your possessions, he will compel you to depart in haste. Moses was already aware that the last plague would be followed by an immediate departure, and, therefore, measures had probably been taken to prepare the Israelites for the journey. In fact, on each occasion when Pharaoh relented for a season, immediate orders would of course be issued by Moses to the heads of the people, who were thus repeatedly brought into a state of more or less complete organization for the final movement.
2
Exodus 11:2
简体中文
「各人」——在 Exodus 3:22 中只提到妇女；当执行的时机来到时，这命令便表述得更为明确。
「借」——即"要"（ask）。见 Exodus 3:22 注。
英文原文
Every man - In Exodus 3:22 only women were named; the command is more explicit when the time has come for its execution.
Borrow - "ask." See Exodus 3:22 note.
4
Exodus 11:4
简体中文
「摩西说」——以下的话必须与前一章最后一节紧密连贯地来读。
「约到半夜」——这里标明了灾祸临到的时辰，却没有标明日子。其中可能有、也很可能确实有数日的间隔，在这段时间里，可以为守逾越节以及为以色列人的出发作预备。
英文原文
And Moses said - The following words must be read in immediate connection with the last verse of the preceding chapter.
About midnight - This marks the hour, but not the day, on which the visitation would take place. There may have been, and probably was, an interval of some days, during which preparations might be made both for the celebration of the Passover, and the departure of the Israelites.
5
Exodus 11:5
简体中文
有两点值得注意：
一、灾祸的范围：全地都在其头生子身上受苦，这不仅仅是因为君王的罪，更是因为百姓实际参与了的杀婴之罪（Exodus 1:22）。
二、灾祸的限制：法老的命令原是要杀尽以色列人一切男婴，但每个埃及人家中只有一个孩子要死。如果这位法老是图特摩斯二世（Tothmosis II），这灾祸便特别沉重地落在他的家族上。他没有留下儿子，而是由其遗孀继位。
「推磨」——磨由两块圆形石盘组成，一块固定在地上，另一块由手柄转动。推磨的工作极其劳苦，由最低阶层的妇女来作。
「头生的牲畜」——这一灾祸针对兽类崇拜有特别的力量，因为在埃及这种崇拜是普遍的；每一个地区都有自己的圣兽，被当作本地守护神的显现或代表来敬奉。
英文原文
Two points are to be noticed:
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The extent of the visitation: the whole land suffers in the persons of its firstborn, not merely for the guilt of the sovereign, but for the actual participation of the people in the crime of infanticide Exodus 1:22.
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The limitation: Pharaoh's command had been to slay ALL the male children of the Israelites, but only one child in each Egyptian family was to die. If Tothmosis II was the Pharaoh, the visitation fell with special severity on his family. He left no son, but was succeeded by his widow.
The mill - This consisted of two circular stones, one fixed in the ground, the other turned by a handle. The work of grinding was extremely laborious, and performed by women of the lowest rank.
Firstborn of beasts - This visitation has a special force in reference to the worship of beasts, which was universal in Egypt; each district having its own sacred animal, adored as a manifestation or representative of the local tutelary deity.
7
Exodus 11:7
简体中文
「连狗也不敢向他们摇舌」——这是一句谚语，表达免于惊恐、不受侵扰的平安。
英文原文
Shall not a dog move his tongue - A proverb expressive of freedom from alarm and immunity front assault.
「耶和华说」——或作"耶和华曾说"。本章的前三节是括号性质的插入内容。在摩西记述给予法老的最后一次警告之前，他觉得有责任先唤起读者回想耶和华先前赐给他的启示与命令。
「他容你们去的时候……」——当他最终容你们带着儿女、羊群、牛群并一切所有的离去时，他会催逼你们匆匆启程。摩西早已知道，最后一灾之后必随即出发，因此大概已经采取了措施，为以色列人预备行程。事实上，每逢法老暂时让步之时，摩西自然会立即向百姓的首领们下达命令，于是他们便这样被一次又一次地带入或多或少完备的组织状态，以备最后的行动。