1
1Ch 15:1-24.
简体中文
英文原文
1Ch 15:1-24.
DAVID BRINGS THE ARK FROM OBEDEDOM.
1. David made him houses in the city of David--Through the liberality of his Tyrian ally
(1Ch 14:1),
David was enabled to erect not only a palace for himself, but to furnish suitable accommodation for his numerous family. Where polygamy prevails, each wife has a separate house or suite of apartments for herself and children.
prepared a place for the ark of God, and pitched for it a tent--that is, made an entirely new one upon the model of the former. The old tabernacle, which Moses had constructed in the wilderness and which had hitherto served the purpose of a sacred covering, was to be left at Gibeon, either because of the unwillingness of the inhabitants to part with such a venerable relic, or because there was no use for it in Jerusalem, where a more solid and sumptuous edifice was contemplated. If it appear surprising that David "made him houses" before he prepared this new tabernacle, it should be remembered that he had received no divine intimation respecting such a work.
2
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2. 那时大卫说:除了利未人之外,无人可抬神的约柜——经过三个月之后
(1Ch 13:14),
将约柜运往耶路撒冷的计划重新展开。时间与反思使人发现,破坏了第一次尝试的那场惨痛灾祸的根源。在为现在要将这神圣象征迎入安息之所的庄严行列作预备时,大卫特别谨慎,务使搬运严格遵照律法的规定
(Nu 4:5, 15; 7:9; 10:17)。
英文原文
2. Then David said, None ought to carry the ark of God but the Levites--After the lapse of three months
(1Ch 13:14)
the purpose of transporting the ark to Jerusalem was resumed. Time and reflection had led to a discovery of the cause of the painful catastrophe that marred the first attempt. In preparing for the solemn procession that was now to usher the sacred symbol into its resting-place, David took special care that the carriage should be regulated in strict conformity to the law
(Nu 4:5, 15; 7:9; 10:17).
3
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3. 大卫招聚以色列众人——有人认为此事是在三大节期之一举行的,但无论典礼在何时举行,召集百姓的普遍大会都极为重要,因为许多人因王国长期以来的动乱,可能几乎没有或完全没有机会认识约柜——它被容许在暗中搁置、被忽视已久。
英文原文
3. David gathered all Israel together--Some are of opinion that this was done on one of the three great festivals, but at whatever time the ceremonial took place, it was of great importance to summon a general convocation of the people, many of whom, from the long-continued disorders of the kingdom, might have had little or no opportunity of knowing anything of the ark, which had been allowed to remain so long in obscurity and neglect.
4
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4. 大卫招聚亚伦的子孙和利未人——亚伦的子孙即两位祭司
(1Ch 15:11),
撒督和亚比亚他,分别为以利亚撒和以他玛两家祭司之首,同任大祭司之职
(2Sa 20:25)。
利未人则是他们宗族的族长
(1Ch 15:12);
其中四人属哥辖分支,约柜要由他们抬在肩上,即:乌列、示玛雅——出自以利撒反
(Ex 6:22),
希伯仑
(Ex 6:18; 1Ch 6:2),
以及出自乌薛的亚米拿达
(Ex 6:22)。
英文原文
4. David assembled the children of Aaron, and the Levites--The children of Aaron were the two priests
(1Ch 15:11),
Zadok and Abiathar, heads of the two priestly houses of Eleazar and Ithamar, and colleagues in the high priesthood
(2Sa 20:25).
The Levites were the chiefs of their father's house
(1Ch 15:12);
four belonging to the Kohathite branch, on whose shoulders the ark was to be borne; namely, Uriel, Shemaiah--descended from Elizaphan or Elzaphan--
(Ex 6:22),
Hebron
(Ex 6:18; 1Ch 6:2),
and Amminadab from Uzziel
(Ex 6:22).
12
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12. 你们要自洁——这种特殊的洁净礼,在一切重大场合都是必需的,包括在身体和服饰上遵守最严格的禁戒与洁净
(参
Ge 35:2;
Ex 19:10, 15);
若疏忽这些规矩,便一步也不能进行
(2Ch 30:3)。
英文原文
12. sanctify yourselves--This special sanctification, which was required on all grave and important occasions, consisted in observing the strictest abstinence, as well as cleanliness, both in person and dress (see on
Ge 35:2;
Ex 19:10, 15);
and in the neglect of these rules no step could have been taken
(2Ch 30:3).
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16-24. 大卫吩咐利未人的族长,派他们……的歌唱者拿乐器——这些杰出的利未人受命训练其下属的乐师与歌唱者,以备庄严的行列之用。表演者分为三个诗班或乐队,并载有各主要领班的名字
(1Ch 15:17, 18, 21),
以及各自所用的乐器。
(1Ch 15:18)
中的「便」
在
(1Ch 15:20)
被省略。这或者只是作为普通名词,表示撒迦利亚是雅阿薛或亚薛之子;或者「便」就是亚撒西雅
[1Ch 15:21]。
英文原文
16-24. David spake to the chief of the Levites to appoint . . . the singers with instruments--These eminent Levites were instructed to train the musicians and singers who were under them, for the solemn procession. The performers were ranged in three choirs or bands, and the names of the principal leaders are given
(1Ch 15:17, 18, 21),
with the instruments respectively used by each. "Ben"
(1Ch 15:18)
is omitted
(1Ch 15:20).
Either it was used merely as a common noun, to intimate that Zechariah was the son of Jaaziel or Aziel, or Ben is the same as Azaziah
[1Ch 15:21].
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22. 利未人的族长基拿尼雅——他不是利未六家族的族长之一,而是因其职务而作首领,这职务需要学识,不计出身或家族。
作歌唱之人的首领——他指挥所有这些乐队,定规各队何时切入或更换音调的适当时机;或如有人所译,「他领导抬物之事,因他精通」,即精通搬运圣物时所须遵行的规矩[BERTHEAU]。
英文原文
22. Chenaniah, chief of the Levites--He was not of the six heads of the Levitical families, but a chief in consequence of his office, which required learning, without regard to birth or family.
instructed about the song--He directed all these bands as to the proper time when each was to strike in or change their notes; or, as some render the passage, "He led the burdens, for he was skilled," that is, in the custom which it was necessary to observe in the carriage of the holy things [BERTHEAU].
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23. 比利家、以利加拿把守约柜的门——他们在约柜的正前方行进,而俄别以东和耶伊耳则在约柜的后方。
英文原文
23. Berechiah and Elkanah were doorkeepers--who marched immediately in front, while Obed-edom and Jeiel went in the rear, of the ark.
25
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25. 于是大卫和长老……并军长……都去——大卫吩咐他一切主要的臣仆与军官参与这一庄严的工程,并为行列赋予如此隆重而庄严的典礼,其敬虔的用意显然是要在百姓心中激发对约柜的深切敬畏,并尤其给年轻人留下有益的宗教印象——日后他们回想自己曾亲眼见证这一庄严盛典,而王与全国的显贵都参与其中,与各阶层的人争相尊荣以色列的神,这一印象便会重新被唤起。
英文原文
25. So David, and the elders . . . and captains . . . went--The pious design of David in ordering all his principal ministers and officers to take part in this solemn work and imparting so much pomp and imposing ceremony to the procession, was evidently to inspire the popular mind with a profound veneration for the ark and to give the young especially salutary impressions of religion, which would be renewed by the remembrance that they had been witnesses of the august solemnity in which the king and the highest aristocracy of the land participated, vying with all other classes to do honor to the God of Israel.
26
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26. 发生了,等——(参
2Sa 6:13-23)。
他们献七只公牛、七只公羊——利未人似乎是怀着战兢之心履行这一职务的;既发现可以前行而无乌撒所遭遇的那种神怒之兆
(1Ch 13:10),
他们便在出发之后立即献上一只牛和一只肥羊
(2Sa 6:13),
并在行列结束时献上七只公牛、七只公羊——一种完全的祭
(1Ch 16:1)。
很可能已预备好沿途在固定间隔献上同样的祭。
英文原文
26. it came to pass, &c.--(See on
2Sa 6:13-23).
they offered seven bullocks and seven rams--The Levites seem to have entered on this duty with fear and trembling; and finding that they might advance without any such indications of divine wrath as Uzza had experienced
(1Ch 13:10),
they offered an ox and a fatted sheep immediately after starting
(2Sa 6:13),
and seven bullocks and seven rams--a perfect sacrifice, at the close of the procession
(1Ch 16:1).
It is probable that preparations had been made for the offering of similar sacrifices at regular intervals along the way.
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27. 细麻布的袍——希伯来文 Butz——在较后诸书中更被认为是棉花。
以弗得——一种肩衣,他衣袍上的腰带或披肩。祭司穿它,但它并非祭司所专有,以致他人不可穿戴
(1Sa 2:18; 22:18)。
英文原文
27. a robe of fine linen--Hebrew, Butz--is rather supposed in the later books to denote cotton.
an ephod--a shoulder-garment, a cincture or cape over his dress. It was worn by the priests, but was not so peculiar to them as to be forbidden others
(1Sa 2:18; 22:18).
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29. 米甲……看见……大卫跳舞踊跃——他的动作当是缓慢而庄重的,与音乐的肃穆性质相符。他虽脱下王袍,却像其他职员一样穿着,表明他在神面前所存的合宜谦卑。米甲所表现的情感,不过是一个骄傲暴躁的女人的愤懑发作。
英文原文
29. Michal . . . saw . . . David dancing and playing--His movements would be slow and solemn, suitable to the grave and solemn character of the music. Though his royal robes were laid aside, he was attired like the other officials, showing a becoming humility in the immediate presence of God. The feelings manifested by Michal were only an ebullition of spleen from a proud and passionate woman.
1Ch 15:1-24.
大卫从俄别以东运回约柜
1. 大卫在大卫城为自己建造宫殿——靠着推罗盟友的慷慨
(1Ch 14:1),
大卫不仅得以为自己建造宫殿,也能为众多的家眷预备合适的居所。在实行多妻制的地方,每一位妻子都有独立的房屋或一套居室,供自己与子女居住。
为神的约柜预备地方,支搭帐幕——即按先前那座的样式,搭了一座全新的。摩西在旷野所造、迄今一直用作神圣遮盖的旧会幕,则留在基遍;或因当地居民不愿割舍如此珍贵的圣物,或因耶路撒冷既已计划建造更为坚固华美的殿宇,它已无用武之地。倘若大卫「为自己建造宫殿」竟先于他预备这座新会幕,似令人惊奇,但应记得他并未就这一工程领受任何神的指示。