1
1Ch 5:1-10.
简体中文
英文原文
1Ch 5:1-10.
THE LINE OF REUBEN.
1. Now the sons of Reuben--In proceeding to give this genealogy, the sacred historian states, in a parenthesis
(1Ch 5:1, 2),
the reason why it was not placed first, as Reuben was the oldest son of Jacob. The birthright, which by a foul crime he had forfeited, implied not only dominion, but a double portion
(De 21:17);
and both of these were transferred to Joseph, whose two sons having been adopted as the children of Jacob
(Ge 48:5),
received each an allotted portion, as forming two distinct tribes in Israel. Joseph then was entitled to the precedency; and yet, as his posterity was not mentioned first, the sacred historian judged it necessary to explain that "the genealogy was not to be reckoned after the birthright," but with a reference to a superior honor and privilege that had been conferred on Judah--not the man, but the tribe, whereby it was invested with the pre-eminence over all the other tribes, and out of it was to spring David with his royal lineage, and especially the great Messiah
(Heb 7:14).
These were the two reasons why, in the order of enumeration, the genealogy of Judah is introduced before that of Reuben.
9
無標題
简体中文
9. 他向东直到旷野入口,从伯拉河——他们定居在约但河东,这一支派从未参与国家的公共事务或行动,其历史不外乎「在基列地牲畜增多」、与夏甲人贝都因后裔的战争,以及牧放生活的简朴劳作。他们拥有辽阔山地——基列未大旷野
(De 2:26)
——的放牧权,而伯拉河则成为抵御仇敌的保障。
英文原文
9. Eastward he inhabited unto the entering in of the wilderness from the river Euphrates--The settlement was on the east of Jordan, and the history of this tribe, which never took any part in the public affairs or movements of the nation, is comprised in "the multiplication of their cattle in the land of Gilead," in their wars with the Bedouin sons of Hagar, and in the simple labors of pastoral life. They had the right of pasture over an extensive mountain range--the great wilderness of Kedemoth
(De 2:26)
and the Euphrates being a security against their enemies.
11
1Ch 5:11-26.
简体中文
1Ch 5:11-26.
迦得的谱系
11-15. 迦得的子孙住在他们对面——迦得人与玛拿西半支派
(1Ch 5:24)
的家谱与流便人的一并列出,因为这三支派在一个独立的殖民地中彼此结盟。
英文原文
1Ch 5:11-26.
THE LINE OF GAD.
11-15. the children of Gad dwelt over against them--The genealogy of the Gadites and the half-tribe of Manasseh
(1Ch 5:24)
is given along with that of the Reubenites, as these three were associated in a separate colony.
16
無標題
简体中文
16. 沙仑——「沙仑」一词被用来形容任何异常美丽丰饶之地。巴勒斯坦有三处如此称呼的地方。此处的沙仑在约但河东。
在他们边境上——即基列与巴珊的边境:基列本土,或至少其大部分,属流便人;巴珊的大部分属玛拿西人。迦得人则在这两地边境之间的土地上,占据一个居间的定居点。
英文原文
16. Sharon--The term "Sharon" was applied as descriptive of any place of extraordinary beauty and productiveness. There were three places in Palestine so called. This Sharon lay east of the Jordan.
upon their borders--that is, of Gilead and Bashan: Gilead proper, or at least the largest part, belonged to the Reubenites; and Bashan, the greatest portion of it, belonged to the Manassites. The Gadites occupied an intermediate settlement on the land which lay upon their borders.
17
無標題
简体中文
17. 这些人都在……约坦年间被记——他的长久在位,以及免于外患与内乱,有利于进行人口普查。
并在耶罗波安年间——即第二个耶罗波安。
英文原文
17. All these were reckoned . . . in the days of Jotham--His long reign and freedom from foreign wars as well as intestine troubles were favorable for taking a census of the people.
and in the days of Jeroboam--the second of that name.
18
無標題
简体中文
18-22. 夏甲人——或作「夏甲人」,起初与「以实玛利人」同义,后来用以指阿拉伯人中的某一特定支派
(参
Ps 83:6)。
耶突——他的后裔称为以土利亚人,其地称为奥兰尼提斯,得名于其主要城市何兰。这些精于射箭的人,在约书亚时代遭到流便、迦得和玛拿西半支派的联军入侵——这一联军大概因这些劫掠成性的邻舍屡次侵扰而激愤,便以掳掠人畜为报复,几乎将原居民全部逐出,并自行殖民该地区。神的护理在这场义战中格外赐福希伯来军队。
英文原文
18-22. Hagarites--or, "Hagarenes," originally synonymous with "Ishmaelites," but afterwards applied to a particular tribe of the Arabs (compare
Ps 83:6).
Jetur--His descendants were called Itureans, and the country Auranitis, from Hauran, its chief city. These, who were skilled in archery, were invaded in the time of Joshua by a confederate army of the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and half Manasseh, who, probably incensed by the frequent raids of those marauding neighbors, took reprisals in men and cattle, dispossessed almost all of the original inhabitants, and colonized the district themselves. Divine Providence favoured, in a remarkable manner, the Hebrew army in this just war.
26
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简体中文
26. 以色列的神激动普勒的心——即尼尼微碑文上的法卢卡
(参
2Ki 15:19)。
和提革拉毗尼色的心——前者的儿子。藉着他们,约但河东的各支派,包括定居在加利利的玛拿西另一半,被迁到玛代上流之地。这是头一次被掳
(2Ki 15:29)。
英文原文
26. the God of Israel stirred up the spirit of Pul--the Phalluka of the Ninevite monuments (see on
2Ki 15:19).
and the spirit of Tilgath-pilneser--the son of the former. By them the trans-jordanic tribes, including the other half of Manasseh, settled in Galilee, were removed to Upper Media. This was the first captivity
(2Ki 15:29).
1Ch 5:1-10.
流便的谱系
1. 流便的儿子——在给出这家谱之前,圣史在一段括号中
(1Ch 5:1, 2),
说明了它为何没有被列在首位的原因,尽管流便是雅各的长子。那因一桩恶行而被他丧失的长子名分,不仅意味着治权,也意味着双倍的产业
(De 21:17);
这两样都被转归约瑟,因他的两个儿子被收养为雅各的子嗣
(Ge 48:5),
各得一份产业,成为以色列中两个独立的支派。因此约瑟本有权居首;然而由于他的后裔并未被首先提及,圣史认为有必要解释「这家谱并不按长子名分来计算」,而是参照一项已赐予犹大的更高尊荣与特权——不是指犹大这个人,而是指这个支派,它由此获得了超越其他一切支派的优越地位,并且大卫及其王室谱系将由此而出,尤其是那位伟大的弥赛亚
(Heb 7:14)。
这就是两方面的理由,说明在排列次序上犹大的家谱为何被置于流便之前。