1
1Ki 5:1-6.
简体中文
英文原文
1Ki 5:1-6.
HIRAM SENDS TO CONGRATULATE SOLOMON.
1. Hiram . . . sent his servants unto Solomon--the grandson of David's contemporary [KITTO]; or the same Hiram [WINER and others]. The friendly relations which the king of Tyre had cultivated with David are here seen renewed with his son and successor, by a message of condolence as well as of congratulation on his accession to the throne of Israel. The alliance between the two nations had been mutually beneficial by the encouragement of useful traffic. Israel, being agricultural, furnished corn and oil, while the Tyrians, who were a commercial people, gave in exchange their Phœnician manufactures, as well as the produce of foreign lands. A special treaty was now entered into in furtherance of that undertaking which was the great work of Solomon's splendid and peaceful reign.
6
無標題
简体中文
6. 你吩咐人将利巴嫩的香柏木砍给我——所罗门无法从别处为他所筹划的建筑工程取得木料。利巴嫩的森林,在所罗门时代临近海边,属腓尼基人所有;木材是他们获利甚丰的出口项目,因此大量工人不断从事伐木以及木材的运输和加工。希兰答应按所罗门所需,供应多少香柏木和柏木都可以;而他更承担一项重大义务,即负责将这些木料运下来(大概经由狗河)到海边,再沿海岸以筏子(即将原木捆扎在一起)运到约帕港
(2Ch 2:16),
从那里很容易找到运往耶路撒冷的办法。
我的仆人必与你的仆人一同做工——工程的规模极为浩大,推罗人单靠自己不够。分工是必须的:前者负责需要熟练工匠的那部分,所罗门则负责供应劳工。
英文原文
6. command thou that they hew me cedar trees out of Lebanon--Nowhere else could Solomon have procured materials for the woodwork of his contemplated building. The forests of Lebanon, adjoining the seas in Solomon's time, belonged to the Phœnicians, and the timber being a lucrative branch of their exports, immense numbers of workmen were constantly employed in the felling of trees as well as the transportation and preparation of the wood. Hiram stipulated to furnish Solomon with as large a quantity of cedars and cypresses as he might require and it was a great additional obligation that he engaged to render the important service of having it brought down, probably by the Dog river, to the seaside, and conveyed along the coast in floats; that is, the logs being bound together, to the harbor of Joppa
(2Ch 2:16),
whence they could easily find the means of transport to Jerusalem.
my servants shall be with thy servants--The operations were to be on so extensive a scale that the Tyrians alone would be insufficient. A division of labor was necessary, and while the former would do the work that required skilful artisans, Solomon engaged to supply the laborers.
7
1Ki 5:7-12.
简体中文
1Ki 5:7-12.
供应木料建造圣殿
7. 耶和华是应当称颂的——这话并不能作为希兰敬拜真神的确据,因为他可能只是按多神论的原则,承认耶和华为希伯来人的神而已(参见
2Ch 2:11)。
英文原文
1Ki 5:7-12.
FURNISHES TIMBER TO BUILD THE TEMPLE.
7. Blessed be the Lord--This language is no decisive evidence that Hiram was a worshipper of the true God, as he might use it only on the polytheistic principle of acknowledging Jehovah as the God of the Hebrews (see on
2Ch 2:11).
8
無標題
简体中文
8. 希兰差遣人去见所罗门说:你……所提的事我已考虑了,我必……办理——契约以正式的书面文件订定
(2Ch 2:11),
据约瑟夫(JOSEPHUS)所言,这文件在犹太和推罗的记录中都有保存。
英文原文
8. Hiram sent to Solomon, saying, I have considered the things . . . and I will do--The contract was drawn out formally in a written document
(2Ch 2:11),
which, according to JOSEPHUS, was preserved both in the Jewish and Tyrian records.
10
無標題
简体中文
10. 松木——更应作柏木。
英文原文
10. fir trees--rather, the cypress.
11
無標題
简体中文
11. 给他的家眷作食物——这是供给王宫的常年粮食,与
2Ch 2:10
所记为林中工人所备的粮食不同。
英文原文
11. food to his household--This was an annual supply for the palace, different from that mentioned in
2Ch 2:10,
which was for the workmen in the forests.
13
1Ki 5:13-18.
简体中文
1Ki 5:13-18.
所兰的工匠和劳工
13. 所罗门从以色列众人中征召服役的人——此处重新提到所罗门智慧的属天恩赐
(1Ki 5:12),
显然是为记载他推进工程所采取的强硬而审慎的措施作铺垫。如此强行征役,所体现的专制权力之大,本会引发极大的不满乃至反对;幸亏他明智地安排劳工每三个月中有一月可在家里,再加上这工程的圣性质,才使百姓接受了这强役。抬扛重物和采石场中苦累的挖掘工作,分派给了迦南余民
(1Ki 9:20; 2Ch 8:7-9)
以及大卫所掳的战俘——共十五万三千六百人。在东方各国,雇佣此种身分的人从事公共工程,使这部分安排更为人忽略。
英文原文
1Ki 5:13-18.
SOLOMON'S WORKMEN AND LABORERS.
13. Solomon raised a levy out of all Israel--The renewed notice of Solomon's divine gift of wisdom
(1Ki 5:12)
is evidently introduced to prepare for this record of the strong but prudent measures he took towards the accomplishment of his work. So great a stretch of arbitrary power as is implied in this compulsory levy would have raised great discontent, if not opposition, had not his wise arrangement of letting the laborers remain at home two months out of three, added to the sacredness of the work, reconciled the people to this forced labor. The carrying of burdens and the irksome work of excavating the quarries was assigned to the remnant of the Canaanites
(1Ki 9:20; 2Ch 8:7-9)
and war prisoners made by David--amounting to 153,600. The employment of persons of that condition in Eastern countries for carrying on any public work, would make this part of the arrangements the less thought of.
17
無標題
简体中文
17. 又用大石头——利巴嫩的石头「坚硬、石灰质、色白而响亮,如同砂石」[SHAW]。叙利亚和巴勒斯坦各地都能找到同样洁白美丽的石头。
凿成的石头——或作磨光的,希伯来文该词有此义
(Ex 20:25)。
凿这些大石,犹太和推罗的石匠都参与其事。
英文原文
17. brought great stones--The stone of Lebanon is "hard, calcareous, whitish and sonorous, like free stone" [SHAW]. The same white and beautiful stone can be obtained in every part of Syria and Palestine.
hewed stones--or neatly polished, as the Hebrew word signifies
(Ex 20:25).
Both Jewish and Tyrian builders were employed in hewing these great stones.
18
無標題
简体中文
18. 石匠——旁注译作「迦巴勒人」
(Jos 13:5),
长久以来被视为更可取的译法。但这一边注译法也须让位于近来提出的另一种译法:只须对希伯来文文本稍作改动,即可译为:「所兰的匠人和希兰的匠人凿出并加工了它们」[THENIUS]。这些凿成斜面或带槽的大石,有的长达二十英尺,有的达三十英尺,宽五至六英尺,至今仍可在圣殿遗址的底层建筑中见到;据最有资格的观察者判断,它们正是当初「立殿根基」所用的石头。
英文原文
18. and the stone squarers--The Margin, which renders it "the Giblites"
(Jos 13:5),
has long been considered a preferable translation. This marginal translation also must yield to another which has lately been proposed, by a slight change in the Hebrew text, and which would be rendered thus: "Solomon's builders, and Hiram's builders, did hew them and bevel them" [THENIUS]. These great bevelled or grooved stones, measuring some twenty, others thirty feet in length, and from five to six feet in breadth, are still seen in the substructures about the ancient site of the temple; and, in the judgment of the most competent observers, were those originally employed "to lay the foundation of the house."
1Ki 5:1-6.
希兰差人祝贺所罗门
1. 希兰……差遣他的臣仆到所罗门那里——是大卫同时代的那位希兰之孙[KITTO];或是同一位希兰[WINER 等人]。推罗王与大卫所培养的友好关系,在此可见与他的儿子兼继任者得以延续,既有对他的慰问,也有对他登基以色列王位的祝贺。两国之间的联盟因鼓励有益的贸易而互惠互利。以色列以农业为主,出产粮食和油;而推罗人是商业民族,则以他们的腓尼基制品以及外来货物作为交换。如今为推进那项堪称所罗门辉煌和平统治之伟大事业,双方缔结了一项特别条约。