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1Sa 6:1-9.
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英文原文
1Sa 6:1-9.
THE PHILISTINES COUNSEL HOW TO SEND BACK THE ARK.
1. the ark . . . was in the country of the Philistines seven months--Notwithstanding the calamities which its presence had brought on the country and the people, the Philistine lords were unwilling to relinquish such a prize, and tried every means to retain it with peace and safety, but in vain.
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2, 3. 非利士人召了祭司和占卜的来——归还约柜的计划似乎并非人人赞同,许多人对这流行的瘟疫是否真是上天的刑罚表示怀疑。祭司和占卜的提出一个方案,使各方一致:既能轻易辨别灾祸的真性质,又能为对约柜或已显出的任何不敬之举向被触怒的神祇献上挽回祭。
英文原文
2, 3. the Philistines called for the priests and the diviners--The designed restoration of the ark was not, it seems, universally approved of, and many doubts were expressed whether the prevailing pestilence was really a judgment of Heaven. The priests and diviners united all parties by recommending a course which would enable them easily to discriminate the true character of the calamities, and at the same time to propitiate the incensed Deity for any acts of disrespect which might have been shown to His ark.
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4节. 五个金痔疮. 异教徒在为久治不愈或危险的疾病祈求得解脱、或得解脱后感恩时，常以金属（多为银制）的身体患病部位之模型或形像作为许愿或感恩之祭献上。这在罗马天主教国家，以及印度教和其他现代异教的庙宇中，至今仍很常见。
五个金老鼠. 有人认为这动物是叙利亚和埃及的跳鼠[BOCHART]；有人认为是短尾田鼠，它常成群结队，数量惊人，对巴勒斯坦的耕地造成巨大破坏。
英文原文
4. Five golden emerods--Votive or thank offerings were commonly made by the heathen in prayer for, or gratitude after, deliverance from lingering or dangerous disorders, in the form of metallic (generally silver) models or images of the diseased parts of the body. This is common still in Roman Catholic countries, as well as in the temples of the Hindus and other modern heathen.
five golden mice--This animal is supposed by some to be the jerboa or jumping mouse of Syria and Egypt [BOCHART]; by others, to be the short-tailed field mouse, which often swarms in prodigious numbers and commits great ravages in the cultivated fields of Palestine.
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5. 把荣耀归给以色列的神——非利士人借着这些挽回祭承认祂的能力,并为对祂约柜所造成的损害作出赔偿。
使祂的手……从你们的神身上轻省——这里以罗欣作为「神」之意。
英文原文
5. give glory unto the God of Israel--By these propitiatory presents, the Philistines would acknowledge His power and make reparation for the injury done to His ark.
lighten his hand . . . from off your gods--Elohim for god.
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6. 你们为何硬着心,像埃及人和法老硬着心一样呢?——埃及所遭可畏刑罚的记忆尚未磨灭。无论是以文字记载保存,还是以口传的形式流传,它们在人心中仍然鲜活,既广为传开,无疑就成了传播真神之知识与敬畏的途径。
英文原文
6. Wherefore then do ye harden your hearts, as the Egyptians and Pharaoh hardened their hearts?--The memory of the appalling judgments that had been inflicted on Egypt was not yet obliterated. Whether preserved in written records, or in floating tradition, they were still fresh in the minds of men, and being extensively spread, were doubtless the means of diffusing the knowledge and fear of the true God.
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7. 造一辆新车——他们为此特造新车,似乎不仅是为洁净整齐,更是觉得用曾服事过卑贱或寻常之事的车来运送有所不妥。这看来是一辆有蓬的车(2Sa 6:3)。
两只乳养的母牛——这样未受过训练的小母牛任性又好游荡,不会像惯负轭的牛那样循着确定的规律路径,因此靠它们自发之力直奔以色列地的可能性极小。
把牛犊从它们身边带回家——母牛强烈的母性本能,按常理会驱使它们折返回家,而不是迈步走向异乡。
英文原文
7. make a new cart--Their object in making a new one for the purpose seems to have been not only for cleanliness and neatness, but from an impression that there would have been an impropriety in using one that had been applied to meaner or more common services. It appears to have been a covered wagon (see on
2Sa 6:3).
two milch kine--Such untrained heifers, wanton and vagrant, would pursue no certain and regular path, like those accustomed to the yoke, and therefore were most unlikely of their own spontaneous motion to prosecute the direct road to the land of Israel.
bring their calves home from them--The strong natural affection of the dams might be supposed to stimulate their return homewards, rather than direct their steps in a foreign country.
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8. 把耶和华的约柜抬来,放在车上——这种搬运神圣象征的方式是被禁的;但非利士人的无知使这不敬尚可宽恕(2Sa 6:6)。
把物件……放在旁边的柜子里——在东方,保管财宝的方式至今仍是装在箱子里,用链子锁在房屋墙壁或家具的坚固部分上。
英文原文
8. take the ark of the Lord, and lay it upon the cart--This mode of carrying the sacred symbol was forbidden; but the ignorance of the Philistines made the indignity excusable (see on
2Sa 6:6).
put the jewels . . . in a coffer by the side thereof--The way of securing treasure in the East is still in a chest, chained to the house wall or some solid part of the furniture.
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9-12. 伯示麦——即「太阳之殿」,今名 Ain Shems[ROBINSON],是犹大境内的一座祭司城,位于但的东南边界,坐落在一片美丽广阔的山谷中。约瑟夫记载,牛是在道路分岔处附近被放行的——一条路通回以革伦,那里有牛犊;另一条路通向伯示麦。它们频频的低鸣既证明了对幼犊的强烈恋慕,也证明了控制它们朝相反方向行进的超自然影响。
英文原文
9-12. Beth-shemesh--that is, "house of the sun," now Ain Shems [ROBINSON], a city of priests in Judah, in the southeast border of Dan, lying in a beautiful and extensive valley. JOSEPHUS says they were set a-going near a place where the road divided into two--the one leading back to Ekron, where were their calves, and the other to Beth-shemesh. Their frequent lowings attested their ardent longing for their young, and at the same time the supernatural influence that controlled their movements in a contrary direction.
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12. 非利士的众首领跟在它们后面——为献上他们的敬意,防止欺诈,并获取最可靠的真相证据。这趟行程的结果,却使他们自己更深地蒙羞,并更彰显了神的荣耀。
英文原文
12. the lords of the Philistines went after them--to give their tribute of homage, to prevent imposture, and to obtain the most reliable evidence of the truth. The result of this journey tended to their own deeper humiliation, and the greater illustration of God's glory.
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14. 车子劈了——即伯示麦人,在抑制不住的喜乐迸发之下,作了这事。
把母牛献为燔祭——这虽有违律法的要求(Le 1:3; 22:19),但这些牲口既已被神自己分别为圣,便可以合宜地献上;虽不在会幕旁边,但先知和圣徒在非常时期于别处献祭的例子也并不少见。
英文原文
14. and they clave--that is, the Beth-shemites, in an irrepressible outburst of joy.
offered the kine--Though contrary to the requirements of the law
(Le 1:3; 22:19),
these animals might properly be offered, as consecrated by God Himself; and though not beside the tabernacle, there were many instances of sacrifices offered by prophets and holy men on extraordinary occasions in other places.
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17, 18. 这就是金痔疮……和老鼠的数目——痔疮的像有五个,对应非利士人的五个主要城邑。但金老鼠的数目必然更多,因为不仅围墙城邑,连乡间村落也都送来了。
英文原文
17, 18. And these are the golden emerods . . . and the mice--There were five representative images of the emerods, corresponding to the five principal cities of the Philistines. But the number of the golden mice must have been greater, for they were sent from the walled towns as well as the country villages.
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18. 直到亚伯的大磐石——「亚伯」或作「亚班」,意为「石头」,因此不必借助斜体字补充,即可读作「大磐石」。
英文原文
18. unto the great stone of Abel--Abel, or Aben, means "stone," so that without resorting to italics, the reading should be, "the great stone."
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19. 祂击杀伯示麦人,因为他们擅观约柜——伯示麦的收割者看见约柜归来,喜乐忘形,便在车篷下窥看其中的内容;他们没有把它当作圣器再行遮盖,反而任它暴露在众人眼前,巴不得人人都看见,好让大家共享目睹所献还愿祭物的喜悦,并满足一睹圣所的好奇心。这就是那些以色列人(无论是利未人还是平民)的罪——他们对约柜的敬畏,竟比非利士人自己还少。
击杀百姓五十千零七十人——伯示麦不过是一个村子,这译文必然有误,应作「击杀千中之五十」,即 indulged 这好奇的总共不过一千四百人,被杀的只有七十。神没有按古时的做法十取其一,只杀了二十分之一;即按约瑟夫的说法,一千四百人中杀了七十人(Nu 4:18-22)。
英文原文
19. he smote the men of Beth-shemesh, because they had looked into the ark--In the ecstasy of delight at seeing the return of the ark, the Beth-shemesh reapers pried into it beneath the wagon cover; and instead of covering it up again, as a sacred utensil, they let it remain exposed to common inspection, wishing it to be seen, in order that all might enjoy the triumph of seeing the votive offerings presented to it, and gratify curiosity with the sight of the sacred shrine. This was the offense of those Israelites (Levites, as well as common people), who had treated the ark with less reverence than the Philistines themselves.
he smote of the people fifty thousand and threescore and ten men--Beth-shemesh being only a village, this translation must be erroneous, and should be, "he smote fifty out of a thousand," being only fourteen hundred in all who indulged this curiosity. God, instead of decimating, according to an ancient usage, slew only a twentieth part; that is, according to JOSEPHUS, seventy out of fourteen hundred (see
Nu 4:18-22).
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21. 基列耶琳——意为「森林之城」,又称基列巴力(Jos 15:60; 18:14; 1Ch 13:6, 7)。
这是离伯示麦最近的城,又是个坚固之地,所以更适合作约柜的居所。伯示麦地处低平的谷地,基列耶琳则在山上,这就解释了「你们下来,把它抬到你们那里去」这句传话。
英文原文
21. Kirjath-jearim--"the city of woods," also called Kirjath-baal
(Jos 15:60; 18:14; 1Ch 13:6, 7).
This was the nearest town to Beth-shemesh; and being a place of strength, it was a more fitting place for the residence of the ark. Beth-shemesh being in a low plain, and Kirjath-jearim on a hill, explains the message, "Come ye down, and fetch it up to you."
撒上 6:1-9.
非利士人的首领商议如何送回约柜。
1节. 约柜……在非利士人之地七个月. 尽管约柜的同在给那地和那民带来了灾祸，非利士的众首领却不肯放弃这样的战利品，想尽办法要平安稳妥地保留它，却徒然。