1
2Co 13:1-14.
繁體中文
英文原文
2Co 13:1-14.
HE THREATENS A SEVERE PROOF OF HIS APOSTOLIC AUTHORITY, BUT PREFERS THEY WOULD SPARE HIM THE NECESSITY FOR IT.
1. This is the third time I am coming to you--not merely preparing to come to you. This proves an intermediate visit between the two recorded in
Ac 18:1; 20:2.
In the mouth of two or three witnesses shall every word be established--Quoted from
De 19:15,
Septuagint. "I will judge not without examination, nor will I abstain from punishing upon due evidence" [CONYBEARE and HOWSON]. I will no longer be among you "in all patience" towards offenders
(2Co 12:12).
The apostle in this case, where ordinary testimony was to be had, does not look for an immediate revelation, nor does he order the culprits to be cast out of the church before his arrival. Others understand the "two or three witnesses" to mean his two or three visits as establishing either (1) the truth of the facts alleged against the offenders, or (2) the reality of his threats. I prefer the first explanation to either of the two latter.
2
無標題
繁體中文
2. 更當譯作：「我從前說過（在我第二次造訪時），如今事先告訴你們，正如我第二次在你們那裏的時候所作的一樣，如今我不在的時候也如此（最古的抄本無「我寫信」三字，這是英文譯本希臘文文本在此誤加的）——對那從前犯罪的人（即在我第二次造訪之前，
林後 12:21)，
並對其他所有的人（自我第二次造訪以後犯罪的，或處於犯罪危險中的）。」英文譯本「好像我第二次現在在你們那裏」——即下一次——與
林後 13:1，
「這是我第三次要到你們那裏去」全然不一致，因為保羅不可能稱同一次行程既為「第二次」又為「第三次」。「第二次」與「如今」之間的對比是顯然的。
若我再來等——即何時我再來\n (徒 20:2)。
這大概就是他從前所發、如今又重複的威嚇之言。
英文原文
2. Rather, "I have already said (at my second visit), and tell you (now) beforehand, AS (I did) WHEN I WAS PRESENT THE SECOND TIME, SO also NOW in my absence (the oldest manuscripts omit the 'I write,' which here wrongly follows in English Version Greek text) to them which heretofore have sinned (namely, before my second visit,
2Co 12:21),
and to all others (who have sinned since my second visit, or are in danger of sinning)." The English Version, "as if I were present the second time," namely, this next time, is quite inconsistent with
2Co 13:1,
"this is the third time I am coming to you," as Paul could not have called the same journey at once "the second" and "the third time" of his coming. The antithesis between "the second time" and "now" is palpable.
if I come again, &c.--that is, whensoever I come again
(Ac 20:2).
These were probably the very words of his former threat which he now repeats again.
3
無標題
繁體中文
3. 既然——他不肯寬容的理由：既然你們挑戰我，要我給出基督在我裏面說話的「憑據」。你們倒不如「試驗你們自己」
(林後 13:5)，
豈不更好。這話駁斥了有些人所謂聖經從未斷言其作者寫作時的無謬性。
他——「那一位」（基督）。
不軟弱——對你們而言，藉著我並藉著這封書信，以嚴厲的管治向你們行使時並不軟弱。
在你們身上大有能力——已在許多神蹟中，甚至在懲治犯罪者時，給了許多大能的憑據
(林後 5:11, 20, 21)。
你們不必在這事上試驗我，因為基督早藉著我在你們中間顯明了極大的能力憑據
(林後 12:12)
[格老修]。所以你們虧負的不是我，而是基督：你們輕視我的警戒、貶抑我的權柄，乃是試驗他的忍耐[加爾文]。
英文原文
3. Since--The reason why he will not spare: Since ye challenge me to give a "proof" that Christ speaks in me. It would be better if ye would "prove your own selves"
(2Co 13:5).
This disproves the assertion of some that Scripture nowhere asserts the infallibility of its writers when writing it.
which--"who" (Christ).
is not weak--in relation to you, by me and in this very Epistle, in exercising upon you strong discipline.
mighty in you--has given many proofs of His power in miracles, and even in punishing offenders
(2Co 5:11, 20, 21).
Ye have no need to put me to the proof in this, as long ago Christ has exhibited great proofs of His power by me among you
(2Co 12:12)
[GROTIUS]. It is therefore not me, but Christ, whom ye wrong: it is His patience that ye try in despising my admonitions, and derogating from my authority [CALVIN].
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無標題
繁體中文
4. 雖然——有些最古的抄本無此字；那樣便譯作「因為他甚至被釘十字架」等。
因軟弱——希臘文作「出於軟弱」；即他承擔我們的軟弱，乃是使他被釘十字架之所以可能的源頭、或必要條件
(來 2:14; 腓 2:7, 8)。
因——希臘文作「出於」；「由於」。
神的大能——指父
(羅 1:4; 6:4; 弗 1:20)。
同他而軟弱——即因我們與他聯合，並效法他的樣式，軟弱在我們裏面暫時佔優勢（表現在我們的「軟弱」和軟弱的「身體面貌」上，
林後 10:10; 12:5, 9, 10；
也表現在我們沒有立即行使懲治犯罪者的能力上，正如基督暫時擱置了他的能力）。
與他同活——不僅將來在復活的生命中與他同活，脫去如今的軟弱
(腓 3:21)，
而且如今要在對犯罪者行使使徒權柄上與他同活——這權柄對你們而言是從神的大能而來，無論我們如今在你們看來多麼「軟弱」。「與他」，即正如他如今在他得榮耀的復活生命中、在他暫時軟弱之後，行使他的能力一樣。
英文原文
4. though--omitted in some of the oldest manuscripts; then translate, "For He was even crucified," &c.
through weakness--Greek, "from weakness"; that is, His assumption of our weakness was the source, or necessary condition, from which the possibility of His crucifixion flowed
(Heb 2:14; Php 2:7, 8).
by--Greek, "from"; "owing to."
the power of God--the Father
(Ro 1:4; 6:4; Eph 1:20).
weak in him--that is, in virtue of our union with Him, and after His pattern, weakness predominates in us for a time (exhibited in our "infirmities" and weak "bodily presence,"
2Co 10:10; 12:5, 9, 10;
and also in our not putting into immediate exercise our power of punishing offenders, just as Christ for a time kept in abeyance His power).
we shall live with him--not only hereafter with Him, free from our present infirmities, in the resurrection life
(Php 3:21),
but presently in the exercise of our apostolic authority against offenders, which flows to us in respect to you from the power of God, however "weak" we now seem to you. "With Him," that is, even as He now exercises His power in His glorified resurrection life, after His weakness for a time.
5
無標題
繁體中文
5. 試驗——希臘文作「試驗你們自己」。
省察——這應當是你們首要的目標，而不是「尋求基督在我裏面說話的憑據」
(林後 13:3)。
你們自己——我不必多說以證明基督在我這僕人裏面
(林後 13:3)，
因為你們若試驗你們自己，便要看見基督也在你們裏面[屈梭多模]，
(羅 8:10)。
你們若發現基督憑信住在你們自己裏面，便大可相信他藉著那使你們得著這信心的我的事工在我裏面說話[埃斯提烏]。若疑惑此事，便是以色列人所犯的罪——他們在經歷了這麼多神同在的神蹟與經歷之後，仍然呼喊
(出 17:7)，
「耶和華是在我們中間不是？」（比較
可 8:11)。
若不是——希臘文較緩和，「有點被棄」，即不能經得起**試驗」（暗指上下文中的同字）；經試驗不合格。這是從金屬而來的比喻
(耶 6:30; 但 5:27; 羅 1:28)。
英文原文
5. Examine--Greek, "Try (make trial of) yourselves."
prove your own selves--This should be your first aim, rather than "seeking a proof of Christ speaking in me"
(2Co 13:3).
your own selves--I need not speak much in proof of Christ being in me, your minister
(2Co 13:3),
for if ye try your own selves ye will see that Christ is also in you [CHRYSOSTOM],
(Ro 8:10).
Finding Christ dwelling in yourselves by faith, ye may well believe that He speaks in me, by whose ministry ye have received this faith [ESTIUS]. To doubt it would be the sin of Israel, who, after so many miracles and experimental proofs of God's presence, still cried
(Ex 17:7),
"Is the Lord among us or not?" (Compare
Mr 8:11).
except ye be reprobates--The Greek softens the expression, "somewhat reprobates," that is, not abiding the "proof" (alluding to the same word in the context); failing when tested. Image from metals
(Jer 6:30; Da 5:27; Ro 1:28).
6
無標題
繁體中文
6. 我們……不是被棄——不是不能經得起你們所加諸我們的試驗
(林後 13:6)。
「我盼望」你們自己的基督徒身分會被你們自己認出（注意「你們就知道」與「知道你們自己」
林後 13:5
相對應）為足以「證明」你們不是被棄的，而是「基督在我裏面說話」的憑據，無需從我這方面再加一個對你們更為難堪的證明。你們若疑惑我的使徒身分，便必疑惑你們自己的基督徒身分，因為你們是我使徒職分的果子。
英文原文
6. we . . . not reprobates--not unable to abide the proof to which ye put us
(2Co 13:6).
"I trust that" your own Christianity will be recognized by you (observe, "ye shall know," answers to "know your own selves,"
2Co 13:5)
as sufficient "proof" that ye are not reprobates, but that "Christ speaks in me," without needing a proof from me more trying to yourselves. If ye doubt my apostleship, ye must doubt your own Christianity, for ye are the fruits of my apostleship.
7
無標題
繁體中文
7. 我求——最古的抄本作「我們求」。
不是我們顯明——不是為你們的基督徒行為而使你們的僕人得著稱讚；而是為你們的益處[奧爾福德]。與「被棄」相對的話，使我情願如[本格爾]那樣解釋：「我們不求要顯得是被印可的」——藉著在你們行惡時約束你們；「而是要你們行善」（英文譯本作「端正」）。
雖然我們好像被棄絕了——雖然我們因此被剝奪了行使使徒權柄（即懲治）的機會，以致可能「好像被棄絕了」一樣（不能提供證據證明基督在我們裏面說話）。
英文原文
7. I pray--The oldest manuscripts read, "we pray."
not that we should appear approved--not to gain credit for ourselves, your ministers, by your Christian conduct; but for your good [ALFORD]. The antithesis to "reprobates" leads me to prefer explaining with BENGEL, "We do not pray that we may appear approved," by restraining you when ye do evil; "but that ye should do what is right" (English Version, "honest").
though we be as reprobates--though we be thereby deprived of the occasion for exercising our apostolic power (namely, in punishing), and so may appear "as reprobates" (incapable of affording proof of Christ speaking in us).
8
無標題
繁體中文
8. 我們使徒的權柄賜給我們，乃是要我們用它不是反對真理，而是促進真理。你們在哪裏無辜，那裏便沒有行使它的餘地：而這正是我所願的。我斷不會為了增加自己的權柄而對無辜之人使用它
(林後 13:10)。
英文原文
8. Our apostolic power is given us that we may use it not against, but for the furtherance of, the truth. Where you are free from fault, there is no scope for its exercise: and this I desire. Far be it from me to use it against the innocent, merely in order to increase my own power
(2Co 13:10).
9
無標題
繁體中文
9. 歡喜——希臘文作「喜樂」。
我們軟弱——無機會彰顯我們的能力；因而似乎「軟弱」，因被諸般「軟弱」所困
(林後 10:10; 11:29, 30)。
你們……剛強——在信心與聖靈的果子上「大有能力」。
並且——最古的抄本無此字。
求——希臘文作「祈求」。
完全人——原文作「完全的恢復」；原文指脫臼肢體的復位。比較
林後 13:11，
「作完全人」，同一希臘文字；又
林前 1:10，
「彼此相合」；
弗 4:12，
「各盡其職」。
英文原文
9. are glad--Greek, "rejoice."
when we are weak--having no occasion for displaying our power; and so seeming "weak," as being compassed with "infirmities"
(2Co 10:10; 11:29, 30).
ye . . . strong--"mighty" in faith and the fruits of the Spirit.
and--not in the oldest manuscripts.
we wish--Greek, "pray for."
your perfection--literally, "perfect restoration"; literally, that of a dislocated limb. Compare
2Co 13:11,
"Be perfect," the same Greek word; also in
1Co 1:10,
"perfectly joined together";
Eph 4:12,
"the perfecting of the saints."
10
無標題
繁體中文
10. 所以——因為我願這「嚴厲」在我的書信中，過於在我的作為中[屈梭多模]。
建立……敗壞——為建造……不是為拆毀。「使用嚴厲」似乎是拆毀，過於建造；因此他寧可不使用。
英文原文
10. Therefore--because I wish the "sharpness" to be in my letters rather than in deeds [CHRYSOSTOM].
edification . . . not to destruction--for building up . . . not for casting down. To "use sharpness" would seem to be casting down, rather than building up; therefore he prefers not to have to use it.
11
無標題
繁體中文
11. 願你們喜樂——希臘文亦含「喜樂」之意；因此他在道別時回到起初的論點：「我們是你們喜樂的同工」
(林後 1:24; 腓 4:4)。
作完全人——補滿你們基督徒品格中所缺少的，成為完全
(弗 4:13)。
受安慰——
(林後 1:6; 7:8-13; 帖前 4:18)。
英文原文
11. farewell--meaning in Greek also "rejoice"; thus in bidding farewell he returns to the point with which he set out, "we are helpers of your joy"
(2Co 1:24; Php 4:4).
Be perfect--Become perfect by filling up what is lacking in your Christian character
(Eph 4:13).
be of good comfort--
(2Co 1:6; 7:8-13; 1Th 4:18).
14
無標題
繁體中文
14. 這祝福的話證明了三位一體之神合而為一的真理。「基督的恩典」居先，因為只有藉著它，我們才能達到「神的愛」——父神
（約14:6）。
位格次序的差異證明了「在這三位一體之中，無一在先，無一在後」[亞他那修信經（Athanasian Creed）]。
相交——就是在同一位聖靈裏共同的交通，或同領；這同一位聖靈把猶太人與外邦人在一個大公教會——祂的殿——中聯合起來。凡有「聖靈的相交」的，也就必有「我們主耶穌基督的恩惠」與「神的愛」；反之亦然。因為這三者是不可分割的，正如三位一體本身的三個位格不可分割一樣屈梭多模。三位一體的真理直到基督降臨之時才清楚而完備地啟示出來，而當我們整個救贖的計劃在祂裏面顯明出來之際，我們更多是在三位格與我們的關係上（如這祝福語中所概括陳述的），而不是在三位格彼此之間的關係上——來認識這三位一體的
（申29:29）。
阿們——最古老的抄本中沒有此字。大概是後來為著公眾共同崇拜的需要而加上去的。
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羅伯特·賈米森、A. R. 福賽特與大衛·布朗
《全新聖經釋義》（1871）
請將增補、勘誤與格言寄交 編者
英文原文
14. The benediction which proves the doctrine of the Divine Trinity in unity. "The grace of Christ" comes first, for it is only by it we come to "the love of God" the Father
(Joh 14:6).
The variety in the order of Persons proves that "in this Trinity none is afore or after other" [Athanasian Creed].
communion--joint fellowship, or participation, in the same Holy Ghost, which joins in one catholic Church, His temple, both Jews and Gentiles. Whoever has "the fellowship of the Holy Ghost," has also "the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ," and "the love of God"; and vice versa. For the three are inseparable, as the three Persons of the Trinity itself [CHRYSOSTOM]. The doctrine of the Trinity was not revealed clearly and fully till Christ came, and the whole scheme of our redemption was manifested in Him, and we know the Holy Three in One more in their relations to us (as set forth summarily in this benediction), than in their mutual relations to one another
(De 29:29).
Amen--omitted in the oldest manuscripts. Probably added subsequently for the exigencies of public joint worship.
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Robert Jamieson, A. R. Fausset and David Brown
Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible (1871)
Send Addenda, Corrigenda, and Sententiae to the editor
林後 13:1-14.
他威脅要以嚴厲的憑據證明他的使徒權柄，但寧可他們使他不必如此行。
1. 這是我第三次要到你們那裏去——不僅是預備到你們那裏去。這證明在
徒 18:1; 20:2
所記兩次造訪之間，尚有一次居間的造訪。
憑兩三個人的口作見證，句句都要定準——引自
申 19:15，
七十士譯本。「我必不未經查問而審判，也不在有了充分證據之後避而不罰」[科尼比爾與豪森]。我不再在你們中間向犯罪的人「多多忍耐」
(林後 12:12)。
使徒在這個可以得到常規證據的案件上，並不求立時的啟示，也沒有吩咐犯人在他到達之前就被趕出教會。也有人把「兩三個見證人」解作他兩三次的造訪，以證實（1）對犯罪者所控事實的真實性，或（2）他的威嚇的實在性。我寧取第一個解釋，過於後兩者。